|
OXCT1
3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1 (OXCT1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''OXCT1'' gene. It is also known as succinyl-CoA-3-oxaloacid CoA transferase (SCOT). Mutations in the ''OXCT1'' gene are associated with succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase deficiency. This gene encodes a member of the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase gene family. The encoded protein is a homodimeric mitochondrial matrix enzyme that plays a central role in extrahepatic ketone body catabolism by catalyzing the reversible transfer of coenzyme A (CoA) from succinyl-CoA to acetoacetate. Structure Gene The ''OXCT1'' gene resides on chromosome 5 at the band 5p13. ''OXCT1'' spans a length of over 100 kb and includes 17 Exon, exons. Protein The crystal structure of human OXCT1 reveals it to be a homodimer with two Active site, active sites. Each of its Monomer, monomers contains N-terminus, N- and C-terminus, C-terminal domains that share an α/β structural fold characteristic of CoA transferase family I m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ketolysis
Ketolysis is the process of Catabolism, catabolizing ketones, the opposite of ketogenesis which is the process of synthesizing ketones. Ketolysis provides more energy for Adenosine triphosphate, ATP synthesis than fatty acid oxidation (beta oxidation). Ketogenesis occurs primarily in the liver, whereas ketolysis occurs in non-liver cells, especially in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. The OXCT1, SCOT enzyme is required for ketolysis, and is present in the mitochondria of all mammalian cells except for hepatocytes. Although Pulmonary_alveolus#Type_II_cells, type II cells of the pulmonary alveolus possess monocarboxylate transporters to transport of beta-Hydroxybutyric acid, beta hydroxybutyrate precursors into the cytoplasm, the absence of ketolytic enzymes results in the cells being unable to catabolize the beta hydroxybutyrate. The Cardioprotection, cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors have been attributed to the elevated ketone levels and increased ketolysis. Pat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetoacetyl-CoA Thiolase
Thiolases, also known as acetyl-coenzyme A acetyltransferases (ACAT), are enzymes which convert two units of acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl CoA in the mevalonate pathway. Thiolases are ubiquitous enzymes that have key roles in many vital biochemical pathways, including the beta oxidation pathway of fatty acid degradation and various biosynthetic pathways. Members of the thiolase family can be divided into two broad categories: degradative thiolases (EC 2.3.1.16) and biosynthetic thiolases (EC 2.3.1.9). These two different types of thiolase are found both in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC:2.3.1.9) and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (EC:2.3.1.16). 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (also called thiolase I) has a broad chain-length specificity for its substrates and is involved in degradative pathways such as fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (also called thiolase II) is specific for the thiolysis of acetoacetyl-CoA and involved in biosynthetic pathw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |