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Open-book Contract
In an open-book contract, the buyer and seller of work/services agree on (1) which costs are remunerable and (2) the margin that the supplier can add to these costs. The project is then invoiced to the customer based on the actual costs incurred plus the agreed margin. It is essentially the same as what is known (especially in the U.S.) as a cost-plus contract. This contract form is popular to ensure that a competitive price is obtained, for instance in cases where tender competitions are impractical. It is also useful if the work is difficult to specify precisely up front, or if the buyer is not willing to pay for the risk-premium that sellers typically add when giving fixed prices. Frequently, an incentive is included for the supplier to give a realistic price and to minimize the costs during the project. Typically, the mechanism for such an incentive is that the supplier gets a bonus or penalty calculated as a percentage of the difference between the real cost of the project and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Profit Margin
Profit margin is a measure of profitability. It is calculated by finding the profit as a percentage of the revenue. \text = = There are 3 types of profit margins: gross profit margin, operating profit margin and net profit margin. * Gross Profit Margin is calculated as gross profit divided by net sales (percentage). Gross Profit is calculated by deducting the cost of goods sold (COGS) from the revenue, that is all the direct costs. This margin compares revenue to variable cost. It is calculated as: \text = \text - (\text + \text + \text) \text = \text - \text - \text \text = * Operating Profit Margin includes the cost of goods sold and is the earning before interest and taxes ( EBIT) known as operating income divided by revenue. It is calculated as: \text = * Net profit margin is net profit divided by revenue. Net profit is calculated as revenue minus all expenses from total sales. \text = Overview Profit margin is calculated with selling price (or revenue) taken as base t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cost-plus Contract
A cost-plus contract, also termed a cost plus contract, is a contract such that a contractor is paid for all of its allowed expenses, ''plus'' additional payment to allow for a profit.Cost-Plus Contracts Cost-reimbursement contracts contrast with , in which the contractor is paid a negotiated amount regardless of incurred expenses. History [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EPCI
EPCI stands for Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Installation, a common form of contracting arrangement within offshore construction. The acronym ''EPIC'' for ''Engineering, Procurement, Installation & Commissioning'' is also used. Under an EPCI contract, the contractor will design the structure(s), procure the necessary materials, undertake construction and transportation and set it up at the offshore site. The contractor does this either through own labor or by subcontracting part of the work. The contractor carries the project risk for schedule as well as budget in return for a fixed price, called lump sum or LSTK depending on the agreed scope of work. In EPCI contracts, the contractor rarely carries the project risk unconditionally. Rather, contractor and customer have detailed discussions on the division of the risk. Risk of delays and cost overruns due to lacking weather windows is an example of a typical risk that may be borne by the customer rather than the cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third-party Logistics
Third-party logistics (abbreviated as 3PL, or TPL) in logistics and supply chain management is an organization's use of third-party businesses to outsource elements of its distribution, warehousing, and fulfillment services. Third-party logistics providers typically specialize in integrated operations of warehousing and transportation services that can be scaled and customized to customers' needs, based on market conditions, to meet the demands and delivery service requirements for their products. Services often extend beyond logistics to include value-added services related to the production or procurement of goods, such as services that integrate parts of the supply chain. A provider of such integrated services is referenced as a third-party supply chain management provider (3PSCM), or as a supply chain management service provider (SCMSP). 3PL targets particular functions within supply management, such as warehousing, transportation, or raw material provision. The global 3PL ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Anthony Harvey CBE
John Anthony Harvey (born 1 October 1935) is a British entrepreneur and logistician whose seminal contribution was to lead (as Chairman & Chief Executive, later Executive Chairman) the intercontinental logistics service provider Tibbett & Britten Group plc during a 20-year period of diversification and growth. He is an Ambassador, and former Chairman of the Trustees, of Transaid Worldwide - the international transport charity. Since 2004 he has Chaired The Keswick Enterprises Group Limited, a UK-based private equity investor. Early career Harvey joined Unilever in 1957 as a graduate trainee after receiving a First Class Honours degree from the University of Cambridge and held a variety of appointments before becoming Managing Director of SPD Ltd (‘Speedy, Prompt Delivery’), its UK logistics subsidiary. In 1968 he was (significantly) responsible for Unilever making its original investment in the clothing distribution specialist Tibbett & Britten, followed in 1970 by the ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tibbett And Britten
Tibbet & Britten Group plc was a logistics company based in the United Kingdom. History The company's origins are traced to a transport division of Unilever which became independent through a management buyout in 1986. The company grew over the next two decades by acquisition and organic growth, including growth through expansion of contracts with existing large clients as their companies expanded; from 1990 to 2004, the company increased its revenue by ten. The company operated primarily in North America and Europe, as well as in other locations in Africa, Asia and South America. The company provided warehousing, distribution, and supply chain management services, as well as operating rail terminals in the United Kingdom. Materials transported by the firm included consumer and perishable goods. In June 2004, the company was acquired by Exel Exel was a supply chain and logistics company operating in North America and Europe, which became a subsidiary of the German firm Deut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EPCM
Engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contracts (a type of turnkey contract) are a form of contract used to undertake construction works by the private sector on large-scale and complex infrastructure projects. Overview Under an EPC contract, a contractor is obliged to deliver a complete facility to a developer who needs only "turn a key" to start operating the facility; hence EPC contracts are sometimes called turnkey construction contracts. In addition to delivering a complete facility, the contractor must deliver that facility for a guaranteed price by a fixed date and it must perform to the specified level. Failure to comply with any requirement will usually result in the contractor incurring monetary liabilities. The EPC contractor coordinates all design, procurement and construction work and ensures that the whole project is completed as required and in time. They may or may not undertake actual site work. Various abbreviations used for this type of contract are ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contract Law
A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more parties that creates, defines, and governs mutual rights and obligations between them. A contract typically involves the transfer of goods, services, money, or a promise to transfer any of those at a future date. In the event of a breach of contract, the injured party may seek judicial remedies such as damages or rescission. Contract law, the field of the law of obligations concerned with contracts, is based on the principle that agreements must be honoured. Contract law, like other areas of private law, varies between jurisdictions. The various systems of contract law can broadly be split between common law jurisdictions, civil law jurisdictions, and mixed law jurisdictions which combine elements of both common and civil law. Common law jurisdictions typically require contracts to include consideration in order to be valid, whereas civil and most mixed law jurisdictions solely require a meeting of the min ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Documents
Legal instrument is a legal term of art that is used for any formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement.''Barron's Law Dictionary'', s.v. "instrument". Examples include a certificate, deed, bond, contract, will, legislative act, notarial act, court writ or process, or any law passed by a competent legislative body in municipal (domestic) or international law. Many legal instruments were written ''under seal'' by affixing a wax or paper seal to the document in evidence of its legal execution and authenticity (which often removed the need for consideration in contract law). However, today many jurisdictions have done away with the requirement of documents being under seal in order to give them legal effect. Electronic legal documents With the onset of the Internet and electron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
