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One Single Tariff
One Single Tariff (official name "Single Communication Tariff Act") is a European Citizens' Initiative against roaming in Europe. One Single Tariff's precise objective is to erase all barriers to phone calls within the EU by ending all roaming fees. It is the second European Citizens' Initiative to have been registered, on May 10, 2012, just one day after the initiative Fraternité 2020, which was presented by the European Commission on Europe Day. To be successful, it had to collect 1 million signatures before December 3, 2013, but it failed. Background Although the EU has built an integrated Single Market at the continental level, phone companies still mainly operate at the individual state level. Regulations are passed by the European Union but so far a discrimination remains between consumers in the EU. Regulations are passed by the European to cap these fees, without banning them entirely. Founders The initiative was founded by Vincent Chauvet, former Thomson Reuters journal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Citizens' Initiative
The European Citizens' Initiative (ECI) is a European Union (EU) mechanism aimed at increasing direct democracy by enabling "EU citizens to participate directly in the development of EU policies", introduced with the Treaty of Lisbon in 2007. The initiative enables one million citizens of the European Union, who are nationals of at least seven member states, to call directly on the European Commission to propose a legal act (notably a Directive or Regulation) in an area where the member states have conferred powers onto the EU level. This right to request the commission to initiate a legislative proposal puts citizens on the same footing as the European Parliament and the European Council, who enjoy this right according to Articles 225 and 241 TFEU, respectively. The commission holds the right of initiative in the EThe first registered ECI, Fraternité 2020, was initiated on 9 May 2012 ( Europe Day), although the first submitted ECI (but second registered) was One Single Tariff ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roaming
Roaming is a wireless telecommunication term typically used with mobile devices, such as mobile phones. It refers to a mobile phone being used outside the range of its native network and connecting to another available cell network. Technical definition In more technical terms, roaming refers to ''the ability for a cellular customer to automatically make and receive voice calls, send and receive data, or access other services, including home data services, when travelling outside the geographical coverage area of the home network, by means of using a visited network''. For example: should a subscriber travel beyond their cell phone company's transmitter range, their cell phone would automatically hop onto another phone company's service, if available. The process is supported by the Telecommunication processes of mobility management, authentication, authorization and accounting billing procedures (known as AAA or 'triple A'). Roaming in general Roaming is divided into "S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraternité 2020
Fraternité 2020 (F2020) was a European Citizens' Initiative initiated at the Young European Citizens' Convention, Cluny 2010. The convention was awarded French national winner of the European Charlemagne Youth Prize in 2011. F2020's objective was to enhance EU exchange programmes such as Erasmus or the European Voluntary Service (EVS) to contribute to a united Europe based on solidarity among citizens. It was declared Europe's very first ECI on May 9, 2012, and boasts registration number ECI(2012)000001 in the Commission's ECI database. To be successful, it needed to collect 1 million signatures before November 1, 2013. This target was not reached. The number of signatures actually collected was 71,057. Background Geographic mobility in the EU is considered rather low. The success of exchange programmes like Erasmus can be said to be limited, with less than 1% of all students in the EU participating in an Erasmus exchange in 2006. One factor why the Erasmus Programme is not better ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe Day
Europe Day is a day celebrating "peace and unity in Europe" celebrated on 5 May by the Council of Europe and on 9 May by the European Union. The first recognition of Europe Day was by the Council of Europe, introduced in 1964. The European Union later started to celebrate its own European DayNicole Scicluna, ''European Union Constitutionalism in Crisis'', Routledge (2014)p. 56/ref> in commemoration of the 1950 Schuman Declaration which first proposed the European Coal and Steel Community, leading it to be referred to by some as "Schuman Day" or "Day of the united Europe". Both days are celebrated by displaying the Flag of Europe. History The Council of Europe was founded on 5 May 1949, and hence it chose that day for its celebrations when it established the holiday in 1964. The "Europe Day" of the EU was introduced in 1985 by the European Communities (the predecessor organisation of the EU). The date commemorates the Schuman Declaration of 9 May 1950, put forward by Robert S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vincent Chauvet
Vincent Chauvet (born 24 October 1987) is a French politician serving as Mayor of Autun since 2017. A member of the Democratic Movement (MoDem), he has presided over the party's Saône-et-Loire federation since 2015. Chauvet is the co-founder of the first submitted European Citizens' Initiative (ECI), One Single Tariff. Education and early career Vincent Chauvet was first educated in Dijon. After attending preparatory classes at Lycée Louis-le-Grand, he graduated from HEC Paris and Sciences Po in 2011. He holds a bachelor's degree in History from the Paris-Sorbonne University. He worked as a reporter to the editorial board of ''La Tribune'' in Paris and Reuters in Brussels and hosted political talk shows on the Christian radio Fréquence protestante. He also interned in Chief of Staff of the French Army administration and in the Ministry of Budget. After working in Brussels as a political communication advisor, Vincent Chauvet was recruited in 2013 by New York University School ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation ( ) is a Canadian multinational media conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where it is headquartered at the Bay Adelaide Centre. Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group in April 2008. It is majority-owned by The Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family. History Thomson Corporation The forerunner of the Thomson company was founded by Roy Thomson in 1934 in Ontario, as the publisher of ''The Timmins Daily Press''. In 1953, Thomson acquired the ''Scotsman'' newspaper and moved to Scotland the following year. He consolidated his media position in Scotland in 1957, when he won the franchise for Scottish Television. In 1959, he bought the Kemsley Group, a purchase that eventually gave him control of the '' Sunday Times''. He separately acquired the ''Times'' in 1967. He moved into the airline business in 1965, when he acquired Britanni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HEC Paris
HEC Paris (french: École des hautes études commerciales de Paris) is a business school, and one of the most prestigious and selective grandes écoles, located in Jouy-en-Josas, France. HEC offers Master in Management, MSc International Finance, MBA and EMBA programs, specialised MSc's, PhD's and executive education. HEC Paris is the founding member of CEMS - Global Alliance in Management Education and holds the triple accreditation (AACSB, AMBA, EQUIS). History Founded in 1881 by the Paris Chamber of Commerce (CCIP) with 57 students in the very first class, the ''École des hautes études commerciales de Paris'' (HEC) aimed to be in the fields of management and commerce what ''Centrale Paris'' was in the field of engineering. In 1921, the school introduced the case-based method of the Harvard Business School, but most of the lectures remained theoretical. In 1938, the HEC program was lengthened to 3 years. Due to French corporations' demand for North American sty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was the first African-American president of the United States. He previously served as a U.S. senator from Illinois from 2005 to 2008 and as an Illinois state senator from 1997 to 2004, and previously worked as a civil rights lawyer before entering politics. Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. In 1988, he enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was the first black president of the '' Harvard Law Review''. After graduating, he became a civil rights attorney and an academic, teaching constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. Turning to elective politics, he represented the 13th district in the Illinois Senate from 1997 until 2004, when he ran for the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Luc Bennahmias
Jean-Luc Bennahmias (born 2 December 1954) is a French politician. Political career Bennahmias was National secretary of the Green Party (1997–2001), Regional councillor (1992–1996) and Chairman of the Green Group on the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regional Council (2004-2010), Member of the European Parliament (2004-2014). He joined in 2007 the Democratic Movement, and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and was also a substitute for the Committee on Culture and Education, a substitute for the Committee on Petitions, a member of the delegation for relations with South Africa, and a substitute for the delegation for relations with Canada. Bennahmias was the candidate of the Democratic Movement for the municipal elections in Marseille Marseille ( , , ; also spelled in English as Marseilles; oc, Marselha ) is the prefecture of the French department of Bouches-du-Rhône and capital of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alain Lamassoure
Alain Lamassoure (born 10 February 1944 in Pau) is a French politician and Member of the European Parliament for the south-west of France. He was a member of Les Républicains, which is part of the European People's Party, and was the chairman of the European Parliament's Committee on Budgets from July 2009 until June 2014. He is a substitute for the Committee on Constitutional Affairs, a member of the delegation for relations with the countries of South Asia and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, and a member of the EPP-ED bureau. He was also a member of the temporary committee on policy challenges and budgetary means of the enlarged Union 2007–2013. Lamassoure is a member of the Reconciliation of European Histories Group. He was in charge of writing parts of the Treaty of Lisbon. Alain Lamassoure is a well-known pro-European. He is a member of the European Movement France, which he has been vice-president of, and has a privileged relationship with the dive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
