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Nuvuk Site
Nuvuk, once North America’s northernmost village, was located at the tip of Point Barrow, Alaska. The Iñupiaq name means "point" or "promontory of land" and refers both to the landform and the village. Archaeological evidence indicates that Point Barrow was occupied for over 1,500 years prior to the arrival of the first Europeans. Occupation continued into the 1940s. The headland is an important archaeological site, yielding Ipiutak artifacts, many burials and artifacts associated with the Thule culture, as well as artifacts from pre- and post-contact Iupiat occupation. Research Explorers The first recorded visit of non-Natives to Nuvuk took place in 1826, in the form of an expedition led by Captain Frederick Beechey of the British Royal Navy, in command of the fifteen-gun sloop . Although Beechey and ''Blossom'' did not get far past Icy Cape due to ice and shoal water, ''Blossom’s'' barge under the command of Thomas Elson and William Smyth made it as far as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Point Barrow
Point Barrow or Nuvuk is a headland on the Arctic coast in the U.S. state of Alaska, northeast of Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow). It is the northernmost point of all the territory of the United States, at , south of the North Pole. (The northernmost point on the North American mainland, Murchison Promontory in Canada, is farther north.) Point Barrow is an important geographical landmark, marking the limit between two marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean, the Chukchi Sea to the west and the Beaufort Sea to the east. It was named by English explorer Frederick William Beechey in 1826 for Sir John Barrow, a statesman and geographer of the British Admiralty. The water around it is normally ice-free for two or three months a year, but this was not the experience of the early explorers. Beechey could not reach it by ship and had to send a ship's boat ahead. In 1826 John Franklin tried to reach it from the east and was blocked by ice. In 1837 Thomas Simpson walked 50 miles west to Poin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ipiutak Site
The Ipiutak site is a large archaeological site at Point Hope in northwest Alaska, United States. It is one of the most important discoveries in this area, competing only with Ekven, Russia. It is the type site for the Ipiutak culture, which arose possibly as early as 100–200 BCE and collapsed around 800 CE. The Ipiutak culture occurred from south of the Bering Strait, across the Brooks Range and possibly as far north as Point Barrow. The Ipiutak site was discovered in 1939 by archaeologists Helge Larsen and Froelich Rainey, who completed a monograph on the site in 1948. The site consists of nearly 600 abandoned house depressions along four beach ridges that impart a linearity that was originally interpreted as purposeful design as roads or "avenues." Many of the houses are too close to be contemporaneous and the range of several radiocarbon ages suggests a duration of 300–400 years to build all of the houses. Archaeologists have modeled the population history of the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thule People
The Thule (, , ) or proto-Inuit were the ancestors of all modern Inuit. They developed in coastal Alaska by the year 1000 and expanded eastward across northern Canada, reaching Greenland by the 13th century. In the process, they replaced people of the earlier Dorset culture that had previously inhabited the region. The appellation "Thule" originates from the location of Thule (relocated and renamed Qaanaaq in 1953) in northwest Greenland, facing Canada, where the archaeological remains of the people were first found at Comer's Midden. The links between the Thule and the Inuit are biological, cultural, and linguistic. Evidence supports the idea that the Thule (and also the Dorset, but to a lesser degree) were in contact with the Vikings, who had reached the shores of Canada in the 11th century as part of Norse colonization of North America. In Viking sources, these peoples are called the ''Skrælingjar''. Some Thule migrated southward, in the "Second Expansion" or "Second Phase". ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the early 16th century; the oldest of the UK's armed services, it is consequently known as the Senior Service. From the middle decades of the 17th century, and through the 18th century, the Royal Navy vied with the Dutch Navy and later with the French Navy for maritime supremacy. From the mid 18th century, it was the world's most powerful navy until the Second World War. The Royal Navy played a key part in establishing and defending the British Empire, and four Imperial fortress colonies and a string of imperial bases and coaling stations secured the Royal Navy's ability to assert naval superiority globally. Owing to this historical prominence, it is common, even among non-Britons, to ref ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Plover
Eleven ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS ''Plover'', after the species of bird, the Plover: * was a 26-gun ship, previously the Dutch ''Morgen Star''. She was captured in 1652 and either sunk in action in 1653 or sold in 1657. * was an 18-gun sloop launched in 1796 and sold in 1819. * was a 10-gun launched in 1821 that became a Post Office Packet Service packet, sailing out of Falmouth, Cornwall. She was sold in 1841. * was a survey cutter, previously the civilian ''Bentinck''. She was purchased in 1842 and sold in 1854. See William Pullen. * was an wooden screw gunboat launched in 1855 and sunk in 1859. * was a gunvessel launched in 1860 and sold into civilian service in 1865, being renamed ''Hawk''. * was a wooden screw gunvessel launched in 1867 and sold for breaking up in 1885. * was a composite screw gunboat launched in 1888. She was used as a boom defence vessel from 1904 and was sold in 1927. * was an launched in 1916 and sold in 1921. * was a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signal Corps (United States Army)
) , colors = Orange and white , colors_label = Corps colors , march = , mascot = , equipment = , equipment_label = , battles = , anniversaries = 21 June 1860 , decorations = , battle_honours = , notable_commanders = BG Albert J. Myer BG Adolphus Greely , identification_symbol = , identification_symbol_label = Branch insignia , identification_symbol_2 = , identification_symbol_2_label = Regimental insignia , current_commander = , current_commander_label = , ceremonial_chief = Colonel Paul D. Howard , ceremonial_chief_label = Chief of Signal , command_sergeant_major = CSM Darien D. Lawshea , command_sergeant_major_label = Sergeant Major of the Regiment The United States Army Signal Corps (U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Henry Ray
Patrick Henry Ray (May 8, 1842 in Waukesha County, Wisconsin – 1911), was a brigadier general in the United States Army. His father, Adam E. Ray, was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. An uncle, George Augustus Ray, was also a member. On April 22, 1889, Ray married Ada Blackman. Career After the outbreak of the American Civil War, Ray enlisted with the 2nd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment of the Union Army. By war's end, he was a captain with the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery Regiment. In 1867, he received a new commission in the regular Army. He would later take part in the American Indian Wars. In 1881, he established a meteorological and magnetic observation station at Barrow, Alaska. In 1885, the Ray River was named after him, and the Ray Mountains were in turn named after the River.Orth, Donald J. Dictionary of Alaska Place Names'' Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1967, p. 795. During the Spanish–American War, Ray commanded the District ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Smyth
Cape Smyth () is the southern extremity of Sturge Island in the Balleny Islands. In 1841, Captain James C. Ross, viewing Sturge Island from a considerable distance, thought it a group of three islands. He named the southernmost " Smyth Island" for his friend Captain William Henry Smyth, Royal Navy, President of the Royal Astronomical Society. Ross' error was discovered in 1904 by Captain Robert F. Scott The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ..., who applied the name to the southernmost point on Sturge Island. Other locations named Cape Smyth are: (1) the south-western point of Melville Island, between Warrington Bay and Hardy Bay, in the Canadian Northwest Territories; (2) Inuit ‘Nuwak’ (‘north point’) just west of Point Barrow, Alaska, the most northerly point o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Polar Year
The International Polar Years (IPY) are collaborative, international efforts with intensive research focus on the polar regions. Karl Weyprecht, an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, motivated the endeavor in 1875, but died before it first occurred in 1882–1883. Fifty years later (1932–1933) a second IPY took place. The International Geophysical Year was inspired by the IPY and was organized 75 years after the first IPY (1957–58). The fourth, and most recent, IPY covered two full annual cycles from March 2007 to March 2009. The First International Polar Year (1882–1883) The First International Polar Year was proposed by an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, Karl Weyprecht, in 1875 and organized by Georg Neumayer, director of the German Maritime Observatory. Rather than settling for traditional individual and national efforts, they pushed for a coordinated scientific approach to researching Arctic phenomena. Observers made coordinated geophysical measurements at multiple locatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iñupiat
The Iñupiat (or Inupiat, Iñupiaq or Inupiaq;) are a group of Alaska Natives, whose traditional territory roughly spans northeast from Norton Sound on the Bering Sea to the northernmost part of the Canada–United States border. Their current communities include 34 villages across ''Iñupiat Nunaat'' (Iñupiaq lands) including seven Alaskan villages in the North Slope Borough, affiliated with the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation; eleven villages in Northwest Arctic Borough; and sixteen villages affiliated with the Bering Straits Regional Corporation,"Inupiaq (Inupiat)—Alaska Native Cultural Profile." ''www.nnlm.nlm.nih.gov'' ''National Network of Libraries of Medicine.'' Retrieved 4 Dec 2013. and often claim to be the first people of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilhjalmur Stefansson
Vilhjalmur Stefansson (November 3, 1879 – August 26, 1962) was an Arctic explorer and ethnologist. He was born in Manitoba, Canada. Early life Stefansson, born William Stephenson, was born at Arnes, Manitoba, Canada, in 1879. His parents had emigrated from Iceland to Manitoba two years earlier. After losing two children during a period of devastating flooding, the family moved to Dakota Territory in 1880 and homesteaded a mile southwest of the village of Mountain in Thingvalla Township of Pembina County. He was educated at the universities of North Dakota and of Iowa (A.B., 1903). During his college years, in 1899, he changed his name, for unknown reasons, to Vilhjalmur Stefansson. He studied anthropology at the graduate school of Harvard University, where for two years he was an instructor. Early explorations In 1904 and 1905, Stefansson did archaeological research in Iceland. Recruited by Ejnar Mikkelsen and Ernest de Koven Leffingwell for their Anglo-American Polar Ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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