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Nritya
Nritya (), also referred to as Nritta, Nritta, Natana or Natya, refers to "dance, act on the stage, act, gesticulate, play" in the Indian traditions.Nritya Encyclopaedia Britannicaनृत् Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 515 It is sometimes sub-divided into two forms: ''nritta'' or pure dance, wherein expression-less movements of a dancer play out the rhythms and phrases of the music; and ''nritya'' or expressive dance, wherein the dancer includes facial expression and body language to portray mood and ideas with the rhythmic movements to communicate with the audience. ''Nritya'' is broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adavu
Bharatanatyam () is a major form of Indian classical dance that originated in Tamil Nadu. It is one of the eight widely recognized Indian classical dance forms, and expresses South Indian religious themes and spiritual ideas, particularly of Shaivism and in general of Hinduism.Bharata-natyam ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2007 A description of Bharatanatyam from the 2nd century CE can be found in the ancient Tamil epic '''', while temple sculptures of the 6th to 9th century CE suggest it was a highly refined performance art by the mid-1st millennium CE. Bharatanatyam is the oldest classical dance tradit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vadya
Vadya ( sa, वाद्य ), also called ''vadyaka'' or ''atodya'', is one of the three components of ''sangita'' (musical performance arts), and refers to "instrumental music" in the Indian traditions. The other two components of ''sangita'' are ''gita'' (vocal music, song) and '' nrtya'' (dance, movement). In the general sense, ''vadya'' means an instrument and the characteristic music they produce, sound or play out. Indian musicology The term ''vadya'' in the sense of "music, sounded, played, uttered" appears in the Vedic literature such as in the ''Aitareya Brahmana'', and in early post-Vedic era Sanskrit texts such as the ''Natya Shastra'', '' Panchatantra'', ''Malvikagnimitra'' and ''Kathasaritsagara''.Monier Monier-WilliamsSanskrit-English Dictionary with Etymology Oxford University Press, page 940 These texts call the musician or the performer on the musical instrument as ''vadyadhara''. A stringed instrument is described with proportional lengths in ''Jaiminiya Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindu Texts
Hindu texts are manuscripts and voluminous historical literature which are related to any of the diverse traditions within Hinduism. A few of these texts are shared across these traditions and they are broadly considered Hindu scriptures. These include the Puranas, Itihasa and Vedas. Scholars hesitate in defining the term "Hindu scriptures" given the diverse nature of Hinduism,Dominic Goodall (1996), Hindu Scriptures, University of California Press, , page ix-xliii but many list the Bhagavad Gita and the Agamas as Hindu scriptures,Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition, State University of New York Press, , pages 46–52, 76–77 and Dominic Goodall includes Bhagavata Purana and Yajnavalkya Smriti in the list of Hindu scriptures as well. History There are two historic classifications of Hindu texts: ''Śruti'' – that which is heard, and ''Smriti'' – that which is remembered. The ''Shruti'' refers to the body of most authoritative, ancient religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musical Theatre
Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole. Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements. Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals. Although music has been a part of dramatic presentations since ancient times, modern Western musical theatre emerged during the 19th century, with many structural elements established by the works of Gilbert and Sullivan in Britain and those of Harrigan and Hart in America. These were followed by the numerous Edwardian musical comedies and the musical theatre w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theatre In India
Theatre of India is one of the most ancient forms of theatre and it features a detailed textual, sculptural, and dramatic effects which emerged in mid 1st millennium BC, first millennium BC. Like in the areas of music and dance, the Indian theatre is also defined by the dramatic Performance art, performance based on the concept of ''Indian classical dance, Nritya'', which is a Sanskrit word for drama but encompasses dramatic narrative, virtuosic dance, and music. Historically, Indian theatre has exerted influence beyond its borders, reaching ancient China and other countries in the Far East. With the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent, Islamic conquests that began in the 10th and 11th centuries, theatre was discouraged or forbidden entirely.Brandon (1997, 72) and Richmond (1998, 516). Later, in an attempt to re-assert indigenous values and ideas, village theatre was encouraged across the subcontinent, developing in a large number of regional languages from the 15th to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangita Ratnakara
The ''Sangita-Ratnakara'', सङ्गीतरत्नाकर, (IAST: Saṅgīta ratnākara), literally "Ocean of Music and Dance", is one of the most important musicological texts from India. Composed by Śārṅgadeva (शार्ङ्गदेव) in Sanskrit during the 13th century, both Carnatic music and Hindustani music traditions of Indian classical music regard it as a definitive text. The author was a part of the court of King Singhana II (1210–1247) of the Yādava dynasty whose capital was Devagiri, Maharashtra. The text is divided into seven chapters. The first six chapters, ''Svaragatadhyaya'', ''Ragavivekadhyaya'', ''Prakirnakadhyaya'', ''Prabandhadhyaya'', ''Taladhyaya'' and ''Vadyadhyaya'' deal with the various aspects of music and musical instruments, while the last chapter ''Nartanadhyaya'' deals with dance. The medieval era text is one of the most complete historical Indian treatises on the structure, technique, and reasoning on music theory that ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natya Shastra
The ''Nāṭya Śāstra'' (, ''Nāṭyaśāstra'') is a Sanskrit treatise on the performing arts. The text is attributed to sage Bharata Muni, and its first complete compilation is dated to between 200 BCE and 200 CE, but estimates vary between 500 BCE and 500 CE. The text consists of 36 chapters with a cumulative total of 6000 poetic verses describing performance arts. The subjects covered by the treatise include dramatic composition, structure of a play and the construction of a stage to host it, genres of acting, body movements, make up and costumes, role and goals of an art director, the musical scales, musical instruments and the integration of music with art performance. The ''Nāṭya Śāstra'' is notable as an ancient encyclopedic treatise on the arts, one which has influenced dance, music and literary traditions in India. It is also notable for its aesthetic Rasa (aesthetics), "Rasa" theory, which asserts that entertainment is a desired effect of performa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rukmini Devi Arundale
Rukmini Devi Arundale (née Shastri; 29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986)Sharma, Shoba and Gangadean, Ashok (January 31, 2004 Naatya.org. Retrieved on 10 December 2018. was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal welfare. She was the first woman in Indian history to be nominated as a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India. The most important revivalist of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style prevalent amongst the temple dancers, the Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts. She espoused the cause of Bharata Natyam which was considered a vulgar art. She 'sanitised' and removed the inherent eroticism of Sadhir to make it palatable to Indian upper-caste elites and the British morality of the era. Rukmini Devi features in ''India Today''s list of '100 People Who Shaped India'. She was awarded the Pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangita
Sangita (Devanagari: , IAST: ), also spelled Samgita or Sangeeta, refers to "music and associated performance arts" in the Indian traditions. According to Guy Beck, the root "saṃ-" implies "combining, coming together, convergent wholesome blending, unison" in the context of musical arts. ''Sangita'' connotes any form of singing with music, harmonious recitation or chorus singing in particular.Sangita Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology, Oxford University Press, page 1129 In some medieval era literary genre such as the and poetic texts such as ''Kathasaritsagar'', a related term ''Sangita-shastra'' and ''Sangita-vidya'' mean the "art, science or knowledge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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