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Norwegian Units Of Measurement
As in the case of the Danes the Norwegians' earliest standards of measure can be derived from their ship burials. The 60-Norwegian-feet-long Kvalsund ship (18.8 m; 61.8 ft) was built ca. 700 AD and differs from the Danish boats less than it does from the Oseberg, Gokstad and Tune ships which all date from ca. 800 AD. Thwarts are typically spaced about 3 Norwegian feet (0.94 m; 3.1 ft) apart. In 1541, an ''alen'' in Denmark and Norway was defined by law to be the Sjælland ''alen''. Subsequently, the ''alen'' was defined by law as 2 Rhine feet from 1683. From 1824, the basic unit was defined as a ''fot'' being derived from astronomy as the length of a one-second pendulum times 12/38 at a latitude of 45°. The metric system was introduced in Norway in 1875, with Norway being one of the original signatories of the meter convention. Length * ''skruppel'' – scruple, 1/12 ''linje'' or approx. 0.18 mm. * ''linje'' – line, 1/12 ''tomme'' or appro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Danish Unit
The Danes started with a system of units based on a Greek ''pous'' ("foot") of which they picked up through trade in the late Bronze Age/early Iron Age. Some early standards of measure can be recovered from measured drawings made of the Hjortspring boat, which though dating to the early Iron Age exemplifies plank-built vessels of the late Bronze Age and the Nydam ship. Thwarts are typically spaced about 3 ''fod'' apart. King Christian V of Denmark introduced an office to oversee weights and measures, a ''justervæsen''. This was first led by the royal mathematician Ole Rømer, who established a national system of weights and measures on May 1st, 1683. Rømer's system, which he updated in 1698, was based on the Rhine foot. Its definitions included the following: * the Danish mile as 24,000 Rhineland feet (i.e. 4 minutes of arc latitude) * the Danish pound (''pund'') as of the weight of a cubic Rhineland foot of water (499.7 g) * the Danish ell (''alen'') as 2 Rhineland feet (63 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fathom
A fathom is a unit of length in the imperial and the U.S. customary systems equal to , used especially for measuring the depth of water. The fathom is neither an International Standard (SI) unit, nor an internationally-accepted non-SI unit. Historically, however, it is the most frequently employed maritime measure of depth in the English-speaking world. There are two yards (6 feet) in an imperial fathom. Originally the span of a man's outstretched arms, the size of a fathom has varied slightly depending on whether it was defined as a thousandth of an (Admiralty) nautical mile or as a multiple of the imperial yard. Formerly, the term was used for any of several units of length varying around . Name The name (pronounced ) derives from the Old English word ''fæðm'', cognate to the Danish (via the Vikings) word "favn" meaning embracing arms or a pair of outstretched arms. Cognate maybe also via the Old High German word "fadum" of the same meaning.''Oxford English Dictionary' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weights And Measures
A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by convention or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same kind of quantity. Any other quantity of that kind can be expressed as a multiple of the unit of measurement. For example, a length is a physical quantity. The metre (symbol m) is a unit of length that represents a definite predetermined length. For instance, when referencing "10 metres" (or 10 m), what is actually meant is 10 times the definite predetermined length called "metre". The definition, agreement, and practical use of units of measurement have played a crucial role in human endeavour from early ages up to the present. A multitude of systems of units used to be very common. Now there is a global standard, the International System of Units (SI), the modern form of the metric system. In trade, weights and measures is often a subject of governmental regulation, to ensure fairness and transparency. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical Weights And Measures
A system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other. Systems of measurement have historically been important, regulated and defined for the purposes of science and commerce. Systems of measurement in use include the International System of Units or (the modern form of the metric system), the British imperial system, and the United States customary system. History The French Revolution gave rise to the metric system, and this has spread around the world, replacing most customary units of measure. In most systems, length (distance), mass, and time are ''base quantities''. Later science developments showed that an electromagnetic quantity such as electric charge or electric current could be added to extend the set of base quantities. Gaussian units have only length, mass, and time as base quantities, with no separate electromagnetic dimension. Other quantities, such as power and speed, are derived from the base set: for example, spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Krone
The krone (, abbreviation: kr (also NKr for distinction); code: NOK), plural ''kroner'', is currency of the Kingdom of Norway (including Svalbard). Traditionally known as the Norwegian crown in English. It is nominally subdivided into 100 ''øre'', although the last coins denominated in øre were withdrawn in 2012. The krone was the thirteenth-most-traded currency in the world by value in April 2010, down three positions from 2007. The Norwegian krone is also informally accepted in many shops in Sweden and Finland that are close to the Norwegian border, and also in some shops in the Danish ferry ports of Hirtshals and Frederikshavn. Norwegians spent 14.1 billion NOK on border shopping in 2015 compared to 10.5 billion NOK spent in 2010. Border shopping is a fairly common practice amongst Norwegians, though it is seldom done on impulse. Money is spent mainly on food articles, alcohol, and tobacco, in that order, usually in bulk or large quantities. This is due to considerably ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thaler
A thaler (; also taler, from german: Taler) is one of the large silver coins minted in the states and territories of the Holy Roman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy during the Early Modern period. A ''thaler'' size silver coin has a diameter of about and a weight of about 25 to 30 grams (roughly 1 ounce). The word is shortened from ''Joachimsthaler'', the original ''thaler'' coin minted in Joachimstal, Bohemia, from 1520. While the first standard coin of the Holy Roman Empire was the ''Guldengroschen'' of 1524, its longest-lived coin was the ''Reichsthaler (Reichstaler)'', which contained Cologne Mark of fine silver (or 25.984 g), and which was issued in various versions from 1566 to 1875. From the 17th century a lesser-valued ''North German thaler'' currency unit emerged, which by the 19th century became par with the ''Vereinsthaler''. The ''thaler'' silver coin type continued to be minted until the 20th century in the form of the Mexican peso until 1914, the five S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Våg
A våg (plural ''våger'') or vog is an old Scandinavian unit of mass. The standardized ''landsvåg'', which was introduced in Norway with the new system of weights and measures in 1875, corresponded to three '' bismerpund'', or . The ''våg'' was used in Eastern Norway, Western Norway, and Northern Norway, but it varied in weight. Previously, it was often reckoned as 72 marks or approximately .Richter-Hanssen, Einar. 2015. The History of the Norwegian–Spanish Salted Fish Trade. In: Knut Bjørn Lindkvist & Torbjørn Trondsen (eds), ''Nordic-Iberian Cod Value Chains: Explaining Salted Fish Trade Patterns'', pp. 23–40. Heidelberg: Springer, p. 27.Brøndum-Nielsen, Johannes. 1936. ''Nordisk kultur''. Stockholm: Bonnier, p. 107. In Sunnmøre the ''våg'' was equivalent to three '' lispund'' or about , but in Sunnhordland Sunnhordland is a traditional district in the western region of Norway. The district consists of the southern coastal regions of the old Hordaland county (now ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gram
The gram (originally gramme; SI unit symbol g) is a Physical unit, unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one one thousandth of a kilogram. Originally defined as of 1795 as "the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to Cube (algebra), the cube of the hundredth part of a metre [1 Cubic centimetre, cm3], and at Melting point of water, the temperature of Melting point, melting ice", the defining temperature (~0 °C) was later changed to 4 °C, the temperature of maximum density of water. However, by the late 19th century, there was an effort to make the Base unit (measurement), base unit the kilogram and the gram a derived unit. In 1960, the new International System of Units defined a ''gram'' as one one-thousandth of a kilogram (i.e., one gram is Scientific notation, 1×10−3 kg). The kilogram, 2019 redefinition of the SI base units, as of 2019, is defined by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures from the fixed numeric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tønne (unit)
A tønne (plural ''tønner'') is an old Norwegian unit of volume equivalent to a barrel. There was a dry ''tønne'' and a liquid ''tønne''. The volume of a ''tønne'' has varied over time in Norway, including many local variations. The dry ''tønne'' was standardized in 1824 as equivalent to . A ''tønne'' of potatoes weighed about . A dry ''tønne'' was divided into four '' fjerdinger'', equivalent to each. The liquid ''tønne'' was equivalent to .Klonteig, Olav. 2000. ''Fjellbygder i attersyn: frå det gamle Tinn i Telemark''. Porsgrunn: Forlaget Grenland, p. 71. In addition, the term ''tønne'' (a "barrel of land A barrel of land (Danish language, Danish: ''tønde land'', Norwegian language, Norwegian: ''tønneland'', Swedish language, Swedish: ''tunnland'', Finnish language, Finnish: ''tynnyrinala'') is a Scandinavian unit of area. The word may originate f ...") was used as a measurement of area equivalent to . This corresponded to the amount of land that could be sown with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Litre
The litre (international spelling) or liter (American English spelling) (SI symbols L and l, other symbol used: ℓ) is a metric unit of volume. It is equal to 1 cubic decimetre (dm3), 1000 cubic centimetres (cm3) or 0.001 cubic metre (m3). A cubic decimetre (or litre) occupies a volume of (see figure) and is thus equal to one-thousandth of a cubic metre. The original French metric system used the litre as a base unit. The word ''litre'' is derived from an older French unit, the '' litron'', whose name came from Byzantine Greek—where it was a unit of weight, not volume—via Late Medieval Latin, and which equalled approximately 0.831 litres. The litre was also used in several subsequent versions of the metric system and is accepted for use with the SI,Bureau International des Poids et M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Decare
The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is about and one hectare contains about . In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the ''are'' was defined as 100 square metres, or one square decametre, and the hectare ("hecto-" + "are") was thus 100 ''ares'' or km2 (10,000 square metres). When the metric system was further rationalised in 1960, resulting in the International System of Units (), the ''are'' was not included as a recognised unit. The hectare, however, remains as a non-SI unit accepted for use with the SI and whose use is "expected to continue indefinitely". Though the dekare/decare daa (1,000 m2) and are (100 m2) are not officially "accepted for use", they are still used in some contexts. Description The hectare (), although not a unit of SI, is t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cable Length
A cable length or length of cable is a nautical unit of measure equal to one tenth of a nautical mile or approximately 100 fathoms. Owing to anachronisms and varying techniques of measurement, a cable length can be anywhere from 169 to 220 metres, depending on the standard used. The unit is named after the length of a ship's anchor cable in the Age of Sail. The definition varies: * International: 185.2 m, equivalent to nautical mile * Imperial (Admiralty): 185.32 m, or nautical mile, about 101 fathoms ** The traditional British fathom varied from in the Merchant Navy, making the "historical" cable 169 m to 215.5 m. * US customary (US Navy): 219.5 metres, 120 fathoms (720 feet) See also * Conversion of units Conversion of units is the conversion between different units of measurement for the same quantity, typically through multiplicative conversion factors which change the measured quantity value without changing its effects. Overview The process ... References * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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