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Normes Ortogràfiques
The ''Normes ortogràfiques'' are a list of 24 rules which were promulgated by the Institut d’Estudis Catalans on January 24, 1913, with the purpose of regularizing Catalan spelling. They were made to establish a graphic codification for the Catalan language, which at the time did not have a system of unitary spelling. These rules formed the basis for the spelling of modern Catalan, until the publication in 2017 of Ortografia catalana'. They were published near the end of January 1913, and endorsed by the press. They were fully reproduced in the article "For the unit of the language. The Orthographic Norms of the Institute of Catalan Studies", published in ''La Veu de Catalunya'' on January 31, 1913 (p.3-4). Goals and Process of Elaboration of the Rules The authors' aim was to push the language to be as modernized and modular as other European languages –i.e. making it usable for all literary genres and communication throughout science, administration, education, legislat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institut D'Estudis Catalans
The Institute for Catalan Studies ( ca, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, ), also known by the acronym IEC, is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture". It is based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. IEC The IEC is known principally for its work in standardizing the Catalan language. The Institute's current president is Joandomènec Ros Aragonès, elected to the office for four years in 2013 and to a second term in 2017, following Salvador Giner, elected to the office for four years in 2005 and to a second term in 2009. The IEC is based in Barcelona, the capital of Catalonia, and the second largest city in Spain. Enric Prat de la Riba, who was to become the first President of the Commonwealth of Catalonia, signed the founding document of the Institute, as president of the Provincial Deputation of Barcelona on June 17, 1907. The IEC is one of a number of cultural and scientific institutions created at that time to lend gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Grammar
Catalan grammar, the morphology and syntax of the Catalan language, is similar to the grammar of most other Romance languages. Catalan is a relatively synthetic, fusional language. Features include: *Use of definite and indefinite articles. *Nouns, adjectives, pronouns and articles are inflected for gender (masculine and feminine) and number (singular and plural). The numerals 'one', 'two' and the numeral 'hundred' from two-hundred onwards are also inflected for gender. *Highly inflected verbs, for person, number, tense, aspect, and mood (including a subjunctive). *Word order is freer than in English. Some distinctive features of Catalan among Romance languages include the general lack of masculine markers (like Italian ''-o''), a trait shared with French and Occitan; and the fact that the remote preterite tense of verbs is usually formed with a periphrasis consisting of the verb "to go" plus infinitive. Articles Catalan has two types of article, definite and indefinite. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernest Moliné I Brasés
Ernest is a given name derived from Germanic word ''ernst'', meaning "serious". Notable people and fictional characters with the name include: People * Archduke Ernest of Austria (1553–1595), son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor * Ernest, Margrave of Austria (1027–1075) *Ernest, Duke of Bavaria (1373–1438) * Ernest, Duke of Opava (c. 1415–1464) *Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach (1482–1553) *Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels (1623–1693) *Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1629–1698) *Ernest, Count of Stolberg-Ilsenburg (1650–1710) * Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover (1771–1851), son of King George III of Great Britain *Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1818–1893), sovereign duke of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha *Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (1845–1923) *Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal (1846–1925) *Ernest Augustus, Prince of Hanover (1914–1987) *Prince Ernst August of Hanover (born 1954) * Prince Erns ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apel·les Mestres
Apel·les Mestres i Oñós (28 October 1854, Barcelona - 19 July 1936, Barcelona) was a Catalan writer, graphic artist, and illustrator. Biography His father, , was an architect who participated in numerous major project, including the demolition of the city walls. He attended a French secondary school, and studied at the Escola de la Llotja, where he showed a talent for caricatures. His teachers included Antoni Caba, Lluís Rigalt, Claudi Lorenzale and Ramon Martí Alsina. He made several extended visits to Switzerland with his friend, the journalist and playwright, , where he was influenced by Swiss federalism, the poetry of Heinrich Heine, and the comic drawings of Rodolphe Töpffer. He would later work for some of the most important magazines of that time; contributing comics, jokes, and headline designs. In 1885, he married Laura Radénez, a Parisian with some artistic talent. They had no children. Their home, a narrow apartment in the old part of town, with a gard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesc Matheu I Fornells
Francesc () is a masculine given name of Catalan origin. It is a cognate of Francis, Francesco, Francisco, François, and Franz. People with the name include: *Cesc Fàbregas (Francesc Fàbregas i Soler) (born 1987), Spanish professional football player * Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros (1753–1821), Roman Catholic prelate; Bishop of Urgell 1797–1816 * Francesc Areny Casal (contemporary), Andorran politician *Francesc Arnau (1975–2021), Spanish professional football player *Francesc Bellmunt (born 1947), Spanish screenwriter and film director *Francesc Berenguer i Mestres (1866–1914), Spanish Art Nouveau architect *Francesc Cambó (1876–1947), Spanish politician, government minister, and artistic supporter * Francesc Candel Tortajada (a.k.a. Paco Candel) (1925–2007), Spanish writer and journalist *Francesc Capdevila (born 1956), Spanish artist and illustrator *Francesc de Tamarit (1600–1653), Spanish politician and military leader during the Catalan Revolt *F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josep Franquesa I Gomis
Josep is a Catalan masculine given name equivalent to Joseph (Spanish ''José''). People named Josep include: * Josep Bargalló (born 1958), Catalan philologist and former politician * Josep Bartolí (1910-1995), Catalan painter, cartoonist and writer ** Josep (film), 2020 biopic film by Aurel detailing the life of Bartolí * Josep Borrell (born 1947), Spanish politician * Josep María Comadevall (born 1983), Spanish footballer commonly known as Pitu * Josep or José Carreras (born 1946), Catalan tenor opera singer * Josep Comas i Solà (1868-1937), Spanish Catalan astronomer * Josep Figueras (born 1959), Catalan health policy expert * Josep Gombau (born 1976), Spanish football manager * Josep "Pep" Guardiola (born 1971), Catalan football manager and former player * Josep Llorens i Artigas (1892–1980), Spanish ceramic artist * Josep Maria Margall (born 1955), Spanish retired basketball player * José Marín (racewalker) (born 1950) (Catalan: Josep Marín i Sospedra), Spani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaume Collell I Bancells
Jaume (, ) is a Catalan male given name. It is the equivalent of James. Notable people Notable people with this given name include: * Jaume Aragall (born 1939), Spanish tenor * Jaume Balagueró (born 1968), Spanish filmmaker * Jaume Balmes (birth name: Jaime Balmes in Spanish) (1810-1848), Spanish philosopher, theologian, Catholic apologist, sociologist and political writer * Jaume Barberà (born 1955), Spanish journalist and TV host * Jaume Cabré (born 1947), Catalan writer * Jaume Collet-Serra (born 1974), Spanish-American filmmaker * Jaume Costa (born 1988), Spanish professional footballer * Jaume Ferrer (14th century), Majorcan sailor and explorer * Jaume Giró (born 1964), Catalan corporate executive * Jaume Huguet (1412-1492), Catalan painter * Jaume Llambi (born 1974), Spanish wheelchair basketball player * Jaume Munar (born 1997), Spanish tennis player * Jaume Muxart (d. 2019), Spanish painter * Jaume Perich (d. 1995), Catalan illustrator and humorist * Jaume Plensa (born ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesc Carreras I Candi
Francesc () is a masculine given name of Catalan origin. It is a cognate of Francis, Francesco, Francisco, François, and Franz. People with the name include: *Cesc Fàbregas (Francesc Fàbregas i Soler) (born 1987), Spanish professional football player * Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y Cisneros (1753–1821), Roman Catholic prelate; Bishop of Urgell 1797–1816 * Francesc Areny Casal (contemporary), Andorran politician *Francesc Arnau (1975–2021), Spanish professional football player *Francesc Bellmunt (born 1947), Spanish screenwriter and film director *Francesc Berenguer i Mestres (1866–1914), Spanish Art Nouveau architect *Francesc Cambó (1876–1947), Spanish politician, government minister, and artistic supporter * Francesc Candel Tortajada (a.k.a. Paco Candel) (1925–2007), Spanish writer and journalist *Francesc Capdevila (born 1956), Spanish artist and illustrator *Francesc de Tamarit (1600–1653), Spanish politician and military leader during the Catalan Revolt *F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enric Prat De La Riba
Enric Prat de la Riba i Sarrà (; 29 November 1870 – 1 August 1917) was a Catalan politician, lawyer and writer. He was a member of the , where one of the earliest definitions of Catalan nationalism was formulated. He became the first President of the Commonwealth of Catalonia on 6 April 1914 and retained this office until his death. He wrote the book and political manifesto '' La nacionalitat catalana'' in which greater autonomy to Catalonia was advocated. He died in 1917 and is interred in the Montjuïc Cemetery in Barcelona. Early life Enric Prat de la Riba i Sarrà was born on 29 November 1870 in Castellterçol, to an affluent Roman Catholic conservative family. He started his law studies at the University of Barcelona and finished and received his degree at the Central University of Madrid. Political career Prat de la Riba was attracted towards Catalan nationalism when he was still in college. In 1887, he became a member of Centre Escolar Catalanista. He became an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diccionari General De La Llengua Catalana
The ''Diccionari General de la Llengua Catalana'' by Pompeu Fabra is a Catalan dictionary, first published in fascicles in 1931. It was the Standard Catalan dictionary until 1995, when the Institut d'Estudis Catalans The Institute for Catalan Studies ( ca, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, ), also known by the acronym IEC, is an academic institution which seeks to undertake research and study into "all elements of Catalan culture". It is based in Barcelona, Catalon ... published its ''Diccionari de la llengua catalana''. History The Institut d’Estudis Catalans (IEC) wanted to create an inventory of the Catalan language and asked a small commission, directed by Pompeu Fabra, to do so. Fabra had published a spelling dictionary (''Diccionari ortogràfic'') in 1917 based on the official orthographic rules (''Normes ortogràfiques''), in addition to other works aiming to codify the Catalan language. Fabra created the dictionary during Primo de Rivera’s dictatorship (1923-1930). Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugeni D'Ors
Eugenio d'Ors i Rovira (; Barcelona, 28 September 1882 – Vilanova i la Geltrú, 25 September 1954) was a Spanish writer, essayist, journalist, philosopher and art critic. He wrote in both Catalan and Spanish, sometimes under the pseudonym of ''Xènius'' (). Biography Born in Barcelona in 1882, Eugenio d'Ors initiated himself in the modernist literary environments. He participated in his younger years, between nineteen and twenty-five years, in this aesthetic. He studied law in Barcelona and received his PhD degree in Madrid. He collaborated from 1906 on in ''La Veu de Catalunya'' and was a member of Catalan Noucentisme. He was the secretary of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans in 1911 and director of the ''Instrucció Pública de la Mancomunitat de Catalunya'' (Commonwealth of Catalonia) in 1917, but he left in 1920 after Enric Prat de la Riba's death. In 1923 he moved to Madrid where he became a member of the Real Academia Española in 1927. In 1938, during Spanish Civ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
