Norma Shapiro
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Norma Shapiro
Norma Sondra Levy Shapiro (July 27, 1928 – July 22, 2016) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Education and career Born Norma Sondra Levy in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Shapiro was Jewish. She received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Michigan in 1948 and a Juris Doctor from the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1951, graduating Order of the Coif. She was a law clerk for Judge Horace Stern of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania from 1951 to 1952. She was a Gowen fellow in criminal law at the University of Pennsylvania from 1954 to 1955. She was in private practice in Philadelphia from 1956 to 1978, during which time she became the first female partner at Dechert. She was an Instructor/lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania Law School from 1951 to 1952, from 1955 to 1956, and in 1971. Federal judicial service Shapiro was nominated to the United States District Cour ...
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Senior Status
Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for United States federal judges. To qualify, a judge in the Federal judiciary of the United States, federal court system must be at least 65 years old, and the sum of the judge's age and years of service as a federal judge must be at least 80 years. As long as senior judges carry at least a 25 percent caseload or meet other criteria for activity, they remain entitled to maintain a staffed office and chambers, including a secretary and their normal complement of law clerks, and they continue to receive annual cost-of-living increases. Senior judges vacate their seats on the bench, and the President of the United States, president may appoint new full-time judges to fill those seats. Some U.S. states have similar systems for senior judges. State court (United States), State courts with a similar system include Iowa (for judges on the Iowa Court of Appeals), Pennsylvania, and Virginia (for justices of the Virginia Supreme Court). Statuto ...
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University Of Pennsylvania
The University of Pennsylvania (also known as Penn or UPenn) is a private research university in Philadelphia. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is ranked among the highest-regarded universities by numerous organizations and scholars. While the university dates its founding to 1740, it was created by Benjamin Franklin and other Philadelphia citizens in 1749. It is a member of the Ivy League. The university has four undergraduate schools as well as twelve graduate and professional schools. Schools enrolling undergraduates include the College of Arts and Sciences, the School of Engineering and Applied Science, the Wharton School, and the School of Nursing. Among its highly ranked graduate schools are its law school, whose first professor wrote the first draft of the United States Constitution, its medical school, the first in North America, and Wharton, the first collegiate business school. Penn's endowment is US$20.7 billio ...
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Jewish American Attorneys
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) ...
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Jewish American Academics
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) la ...
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2016 Deaths
This is a list of deaths of notable people, organised by year. New deaths articles are added to their respective month (e.g., Deaths in ) and then linked here. 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 See also * Lists of deaths by day The following pages, corresponding to the Gregorian calendar, list the historical events, births, deaths, and holidays and observances of the specified day of the year: Footnotes See also * Leap year * List of calendars * List of non-standard ... * Deaths by year {{DEFAULTSORT:deaths by year ...
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1928 Births
Nineteen or 19 may refer to: * 19 (number), the natural number following 18 and preceding 20 * one of the years 19 BC, AD 19, 1919, 2019 Films * ''19'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''Nineteen'' (film), a 1987 science fiction film Music * 19 (band), a Japanese pop music duo Albums * ''19'' (Adele album), 2008 * ''19'', a 2003 album by Alsou * ''19'', a 2006 album by Evan Yo * ''19'', a 2018 album by MHD * ''19'', one half of the double album ''63/19'' by Kool A.D. * ''Number Nineteen'', a 1971 album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron * ''XIX'' (EP), a 2019 EP by 1the9 Songs * "19" (song), a 1985 song by British musician Paul Hardcastle. * "Nineteen", a song by Bad4Good from the 1992 album '' Refugee'' * "Nineteen", a song by Karma to Burn from the 2001 album ''Almost Heathen''. * "Nineteen" (song), a 2007 song by American singer Billy Ray Cyrus. * "Nineteen", a song by Tegan and Sara from the 2007 album '' The Con''. * "XIX" (song), a 2014 song by Slipk ...
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List Of First Women Lawyers And Judges In Pennsylvania
This is a list of the first women lawyer(s) and judge(s) in Pennsylvania. It includes the year in which the women were admitted to practice law (in parentheses). Also included are women who achieved other distinctions such becoming the first in their state to graduate from law school or become a political figure. Firsts in Pennsylvania's history Law School * First African American female law graduate: Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander (1927) Lawyers *First female: Caroline Burnham Kilgore (1883) *First African American female: Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander (1927) *First Latino American female (Puerto Rican descent): Mari Carmen Aponte *First blind female: Natalie Ruschell (1988) Law clerk * First female to clerk for the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania: Norma Levy Shapiro (1951) State judges *First female judge: Sara M. Soffel in 1930 * First female magistrate (non-attorney): Hannah Elizabeth Byrd in 1951 *First African American female: Juanita Kidd Stout in 1959 ...
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List Of Jewish American Jurists
This is a list of notable Jewish American jurists. For other famous Jewish Americans, see Lists of American Jews. Supreme Court of the United States Federal judges Appellate judges * Robert E. Bacharach, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (2013–present) * David J. Barron, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (2014–present) *David L. Bazelon, Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1979–1993), Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (1962–1978) * Edward R. Becker, Senior Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (2003–2006), Chief Judge of United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (1998–2003) * Michael Boudin, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (1992–2021) * Daniel Bress, Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (201 ...
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Philadelphia Business Journal
American City Business Journals, Inc. (ACBJ) is an American newspaper publisher based in Charlotte, North Carolina. ACBJ publishes The Business Journals, which contains local business news for 44 markets in the United States, Hemmings Motor News, Street & Smith's Sports Business Daily, and Inside Lacrosse. The company is owned by Advance Publications. The company receives revenue from display advertising and classified advertising in its weekly newspaper and online advertising on its website and from a subscription business model. The bizjournals.com website contains local business news from various cities in the United States, along with an archive that contains more than 5 million business news articles published since 1996. As of August 2021, it receives over 3.6 million readers each week. History The company was founded in 1982 by Mike Russell with the launch of the Kansas City Business Journal. In 1985, the company became a public company via an initial public offering and ...
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Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania
Lower Merion Township is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Philadelphia Main Line. The township's name originates with the county of Merioneth in north Wales. Merioneth is an English-language transcription of the Welsh ''Meirionnydd''. Lower Merion is one of the major inner ring suburbs of Philadelphia, along with Upper Darby, Haverford, and Cheltenham. With a population of 63,633, Lower Merion Township is the ninth most populous city, town or borough in Pennsylvania as of the 2020 U.S. census. Lower Merion Township is located south of Allentown, Pennsylvania's third largest city, and northwest of Philadelphia, the state's largest city. History Lower Merion Township was first settled in 1682 by Welsh Quakers, who were granted a tract of land, the Welsh Tract, by William Penn. In 1713, Lower Merion was established as an independent Township with about 52 landholders and tenants. In 1900, the Township was incorporated as a Township of the ...
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Lankenau Medical Center
Lankenau Medical Center, part of Main Line Health, is a 370-bed acute care, teaching hospital in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. Lankenau Medical Center has been named as one of the top 5 hospitals in the Philadelphia region by '' U.S. News & World Report'' and received the Gold Seal of Approval from the Joint Commission. Lankenau Medical Center’s clinical areas include the Lankenau Heart Institute, the gastrointestinal and GI endoscopy program, cancer care services, pulmonology, orthopaedics, obstetrics and maternity, including and a level III neonatal intensive care unit, as well as minimally invasive and robotic surgery. The campus is also home to the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research and the Annenberg Center for Medical Education. History Initially chartered in 1860 as the German Hospital of Philadelphia, the facility opened in 1866 on Morris Street in North Philadelphia. With the entry of the United States into World War I in 1917, many German institutions took new names. ...
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Senior Status
Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for United States federal judges. To qualify, a judge in the Federal judiciary of the United States, federal court system must be at least 65 years old, and the sum of the judge's age and years of service as a federal judge must be at least 80 years. As long as senior judges carry at least a 25 percent caseload or meet other criteria for activity, they remain entitled to maintain a staffed office and chambers, including a secretary and their normal complement of law clerks, and they continue to receive annual cost-of-living increases. Senior judges vacate their seats on the bench, and the President of the United States, president may appoint new full-time judges to fill those seats. Some U.S. states have similar systems for senior judges. State court (United States), State courts with a similar system include Iowa (for judges on the Iowa Court of Appeals), Pennsylvania, and Virginia (for justices of the Virginia Supreme Court). Statuto ...
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