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Nooshin Ahmadi Khorasani
Noushin Ahmadi is a notable Iranian author, translator, essayist, journalist, women's rights activist and community activist. She is one of the founding members of the One Million Signatures campaign. She was also a founder of Women's Cultural Center. (Markaz-e Farhangi-ye Zanan). The Women's Cultural Center is an "NGO that focuses on women's health, as well as legal issues". Khorasani also wrote several books about the women's movement in Iran. Khorasani was the 2004 winner of the Latifeh Yarshater Award, given by the Persian Heritage Foundation, for a book she co-authored with Parvin Ardalan about the country's first female lawyer, Mehrangiz Manouchehrian, titled "Senator: the Work of Senator Mehrangiz Manouchehrian in the Struggle for Legal Rights for Women". Activism In 2007 she, together with Parvin Ardalan, was sentenced to three years in prison for "threatening the national security." Ahmadi was released on 22 September 2010 after she appeared before the Evin Prison Court " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and by the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of , making it the 17th-largest country. Iran has a population of 86 million, making it the 17th-most populous country in the world, and the second-largest in the Middle East. Its largest cities, in descending order, are the capital Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj, Shiraz, and Tabriz. The country is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BC. It was first unified by the Medes, an ancient Iranian people, in the seventh century BC, and reached its territorial height in the sixth century BC, when Cyrus the Great fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Author
An author is the writer of a book, article, play, mostly written work. A broader definition of the word "author" states: "''An author is "the person who originated or gave existence to anything" and whose authorship determines responsibility for what was created''." Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the person who created the work, i.e. the author. If more than one person created the work (i.e., multiple authors), then a case of joint authorship takes place. The copyright laws are have minor differences in various jurisdictions across the United States. The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as "a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (title 17, U.S. Code) to authors of 'original works of authorship.'" Legal significance of authorship Holding the title of "author" over any "literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, rcertain other intellectual works" gives rights to this person, the owner of the copyright, especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Translator
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The English language draws a terminology, terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''translating'' (a written text) and ''Language interpretation, interpreting'' (oral or Sign language, signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community. A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering. On the other hand, such "spill-overs" have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages. Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Million Signatures
One Million Signatures for the Repeal of Discriminatory Laws (Persian: ), also known as Change for Equality, is a campaign by women in Iran to collect one million signatures in support of changing discriminatory laws against women in their country. Activists of the movement have been attacked and jailed by the government, and the campaign has had to extend its two-year target to collect the full number of signatures.Iran's Women's Rights Activists Are Being Smeared Nayereh Tohidi, Women's eNews, September 17, 2008; accessed September 21, 2008.victory on marriage legislation [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parvin Ardalan
Parvin Ardalan ( fa, پروین اردلان; born 1967 in Tehran) with a Kurdish background, although not a Kurdish speaker, is a leading Iranian women's rights activist, writer and journalist. She was awarded the Olof Palme Prize in 2007 for her struggles for equal rights for men and women in Iran. Career In the 1990s Ardalan, along with e.g. Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani, established the Women's Cultural Centre (''Markaz-e Farhangi-ye Zanan''), which since then has been a center for forming opinions, analyzing and documenting the women's issues in Iran. Since 2005 the organization has published Iran's first online magazine on women's rights, Zanestan, with Ardalan as its editor. In its constant struggle against censorship – the magazine comes back with a new name all the time – the newspaper has dealt with marriage, prostitution, education, AIDS, and violence against women. With Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani, Ardalan co-authored a book about the country's first female lawyer, Mehr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mehrangiz Manouchehrian
Mehrangiz Manouchehrian (1906 – 5 July 2000) was an Iranian lawyer, musician, feminist, and appointed Senator. She was involved in the Women's Organization of Iran. She was involved in drafting the Family Protection Act - a set of laws extending women's rights in marriage. Legacy Manouchehrian's contribution to an improvement of women's rights in Iran are acknowledged. A book about her life "Senator: the Work of Senator Mehrangiz Manouchehrian in the Struggle for Legal Rights for Women" won the Latifeh Yarshater Book Award in 2004. Career Manouchehrian was both Iran's first female lawyer and Iran's first female Senator. During her time as a Senator she was crucial in extending women's rights. Using her experience as a lawyer, she drew up the Family Protection Act, which granted women family rights. A number of elements in the proposed Act were picked out and greatly exaggerated by critics. This led to the Act becoming subject to great public debate and discussion in the medi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Women's Movement
The Iranian Women's Rights Movement (Persian: جنبش زنان ایران), is the social movement for women's rights of the women in Iran. The movement first emerged after the Iranian Constitutional Revolution in 1910, the year in which the first women's periodical was published by women. The movement lasted until 1933 when the last women's association was dissolved by the government of Reza Shah Pahlavi. It rose again after the Iranian Revolution in 1979. Sanasarian 1982, pp. 124–129 Between 1962 and 1978, the Iranian Women's Movement gained victories such as the right for women to vote in 1963, a part of Mohammad Reza Shah's White Revolution. Women were also allowed to take part in public office, and in 1975 the Family Protection Law provided new rights for women, including expanded divorce and custody rights and reduced polygamy. Since the Islamic Revolution of 1979, women's rights have been restricted, and several laws were established such as the introduction of manda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mina Ahadi
Mina Ahadi ( fa, مینا احدی, Minâ Ahadi, born 1956) is an Iranian-Austrian political activist. As a Communist political activist, she is a member of the Central Committee and Politburo of the Worker-communist Party of Iran. Advocacy Mina Ahadi is opposed to faith-based laws and promotes citizenship rights and one secular law. Ahadi is also the main figure of International Committee Against Executions and International Committee Against Stoning. She is also the main founder of the German Central Council of Ex-Muslims. The Central Council of Ex-Muslims aims to break the taboo that comes with renouncing Islam and to oppose apostasy laws and Islam. Life Ahadi's husband, who was also a political activist, was executed in Iran on the date of the couple's anniversary. His execution became her motivation to fight against capital punishment. She lives and works in Germany and helped to gain the freedom of Nazanin Fatehi in Iran. Due to death-threats against her, she has b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakineh Ashtiani
Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani ( fa, سکینه محمدی آشتیانی; born 1967) is an Iranian Azeri woman convicted of conspiracy to commit murder and adultery. She gained international notoriety for originally being sentenced to death by stoning for her crimes. Her sentence was commuted and she was released in 2014 after serving nine years on death row. Biography Ashtiani is an Iranian Azeri born in Tabriz in the Persian calendar 1347 (1967–1968) and grew up in the rural town of Osku, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Sakineh worked outside her home for two years as a kindergarten teacher. Arrest and conviction Ashtiani was arrested in 2005 on charges of adultery and conspiracy to commit murder of her husband. In 2006, the court sentenced her to death by stoning after she was convicted. An international campaign to overturn her sentence was started by her children, Farideh and Sajjad Qaderzadeh, through a letter about their mother's case which was published by ''Missi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shirin Ebadi
Shirin Ebadi ( fa, شيرين عبادى, Širin Ebādi; born 21 June 1947) is an Iranian political activist, lawyer, a former judge and human rights activist and founder of Defenders of Human Rights Center in Iran. On 10 October 2003, Ebadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her significant and pioneering efforts for democracy and human rights, especially women's, children's, and refugee rights. She has lived in exile in London since 2009. Life and early career as a judge Ebadi was born in Hamadan. Her father, Mohammad Ali Ebadi, was the city's chief notary public and a professor of commercial law. Her family moved to Tehran in 1948. She was admitted to the law department of the University of Tehran in 1965 and in 1969, upon graduation, passed the qualification exams to become a judge. After a six-month internship period, she officially became a judge in March 1969. She continued her studies in University of Tehran in the meantime to pursue a doctorate's degree in law, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marina Nemat
Marina Nemat ( fa, مارینا نِمت, russian: Марина Немат; born 22 April 1965) is the author of two memoirs about her life growing up in Iran, serving time in Evin Prison for speaking out against the Iranian government, escaping a death sentence and finally fleeing Iran to go and live in Canada. Life Nemat's grandmothers were both Russian, and she was brought up in a Russian Orthodox Christian family in Tehran. Both her grandmothers had, with their Iranian husbands whom they had married before the Russian Revolution of 1917, fled from Russia to Iran as part of the massive wave of migration that had started. Her father worked as a dance teacher, her mother as a hairdresser. She was a high school student when the secularizing monarchy of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown by Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamic Revolution. As a student Marina Nemat opposed the oppressive policies of the new Islamic government, attended demonstrations and wrote anti-revolutionary artic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian Dissidents
Iranian dissidents are composed of scattered groups that reject the current government and by extension the previous regime, and instead seek the establishment of democratic institutions. Notable dissidents *Shapour Bakhtiar - the leader of the National Resistance Movement of Iran *Ruhollah Khomeini - exiled in 1964 for opposing the shah's rule, he later became the Supreme Leader of Iran after the 1979 revolution. *Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran - eldest son of the deposed shah *Maryam Rajavi - the wife of Massoud Rajavi, leader of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran. *Massoud Rajavi - the leader of the People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran. * And other national groups, secular democrats, monarchists, and Republicans. References Dissidents A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
