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Nonlinearity (other)
Nonlinearity is a property of mathematical functions or data that cannot be graphed on straight lines, systems whose output(s) are not directly proportional to their input(s), objects that do not lie along straight lines, shapes that are not composed of straight lines, or events that are shown or told out-of-sequence. Science and mathematics * Nonlinear acoustics is a branch of physics and acoustics dealing with sound waves of sufficiently large amplitudes. * A nonlinear complementarity problem is found in applied mathematics. * Nonlinear control theory is the area of control theory which deals with systems that are nonlinear, time-variant, or both. * Nonlinear dimensionality reduction is a simplification that assumes that the data of interest lie on an embedded non-linear manifold within the higher-dimensional space. * Nonlinear element, or nonlinear device, is an electrical element which does not have a linear relationship between current and voltage, e.g. a diode. * Nonlinear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear Acoustics
Nonlinear acoustics (NLA) is a branch of physics and acoustics dealing with sound waves of sufficiently large amplitudes. Large amplitudes require using full systems of governing equations of fluid dynamics (for sound waves in liquids and gases) and elasticity (for sound waves in solids). These equations are generally nonlinear, and their traditional linearization is no longer possible. The solutions of these equations show that, due to the effects of nonlinearity, sound waves are being distorted as they travel. Introduction A sound wave propagates through a material as a localized pressure change. Increasing the pressure of a gas or fluid increases its local temperature. The local speed of sound in a compressible material increases with temperature; as a result, the wave travels faster during the high pressure phase of the oscillation than during the lower pressure phase. This affects the wave's frequency structure; for example, in an initially plain sinusoidal wave of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-linear Sigma Model
In quantum field theory, a nonlinear ''σ'' model describes a scalar field which takes on values in a nonlinear manifold called the target manifold ''T''. The non-linear ''σ''-model was introduced by , who named it after a field corresponding to a spinless meson called ''σ'' in their model. This article deals primarily with the quantization of the non-linear sigma model; please refer to the base article on the sigma model for general definitions and classical (non-quantum) formulations and results. Description The target manifold ''T'' is equipped with a Riemannian metric ''g''. is a differentiable map from Minkowski space ''M'' (or some other space) to ''T''. The Lagrangian density in contemporary chiral form is given by :\mathcal=g(\partial^\mu\Sigma,\partial_\mu\Sigma)-V(\Sigma) where we have used a + − − − metric signature and the partial derivative is given by a section of the jet bundle of ''T''×''M'' and is the potential. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-linear Writing
A writing system is a method of visually representing verbal communication, based on a script and a set of rules regulating its use. While both writing and speech are useful in conveying messages, writing differs in also being a reliable form of information storage and transfer. Writing systems require shared understanding between writers and readers of the meaning behind the sets of characters that make up a script. Writing is usually recorded onto a durable medium, such as paper or electronic storage, although non-durable methods may also be used, such as writing on a computer display, on a blackboard, in sand, or by skywriting. Reading a text can be accomplished purely in the mind as an internal process, or expressed orally. Writing systems can be placed into broad categories such as alphabets, syllabaries, or logographies, although any particular system may have attributes of more than one category. In the alphabetic category, a standard set of letters represent speec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear Pricing
Nonlinear pricing is a broad term that covers any kind of price structure in which there is a nonlinear relationship between price and the quantity of goods. An example is affine pricing. A nonlinear price schedule is a menu of different-sized bundles at different prices, from which the consumer makes his selection. In such schedules, the larger bundle generally sells for a higher total price but a lower per-unit price than a smaller bundle. References and links Definition on About.com Walter Nicholson, Christopher Snyder - Microeconomic Theory: Basic Principles and Extensions, Eleventh Edition See also * Two part tariff *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear Narrative
Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative is a narrative technique, sometimes used in literature, film, video games, and other narratives, where events are portrayed, for example, out of chronological order or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside the main plot-line. Most of the time, it is used to mimic the structure and recall of a character, but has been used for other reasons as well. Literature Beginning a non-linear narrative ''in medias res'' (Latin: "into the middle of things") began in ancient times and was used as a convention of epic poetry, including Homer's ''Iliad'' in the 8th century BC. The technique of narrating most of the story in flashback is also seen in epic poetry, like the Indian epic the ''Mahabharata''. Several medieval ''Arabian Nights'' tales such as " The City of Brass" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-Linear Systems
Non-Linear Systems is an electronics manufacturing company based in San Diego, California. Non-Linear Systems was founded in 1952, by Andrew Kay, the inventor of the digital voltmeter in 1954. By John Gantz, InfoWorld, 20 Aug 1984, Page 20 NLS developed a reputation for providing rugged durability in critical applications for everything from submarines to spacecraft. Later the company developed miniature digital voltmeters and s. During the early 1980s the company started |
Non-linear Editing
Non-linear editing is a form of offline editing for audio, video, and image editing. In offline editing, the original content is not modified in the course of editing. In non-linear editing, edits are specified and modified by specialized software. A pointer-based playlist, effectively an edit decision list (EDL), for video and audio, or a directed acyclic graph for still images, is used to keep track of edits. Each time the edited audio, video, or image is rendered, played back, or accessed, it is reconstructed from the original source and the specified editing steps. Although this process is more computationally intensive than directly modifying the original content, changing the edits themselves can be almost instantaneous, and it prevents further generation loss as the audio, video, or image is edited. A non-linear editing system (NLE) is a video editing (NLVE) program or application, or an audio editing (NLAE) digital audio workstation (DAW) system. These perform non-des ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear Gameplay
A video game with nonlinear gameplay presents players with challenges that can be completed in a number of different sequences. Each player may take on (or even encounter) only some of the challenges possible, and the same challenges may be played in a different order. Conversely, a video game with linear gameplay will confront a player with a fixed sequence of challenges: every player faces every challenge and has to overcome them in the same order. A nonlinear game will allow greater player freedom than a linear game. For example, a nonlinear game may permit multiple sequences to finish the game, a choice between paths to victory, different types of victory, or optional side- quests and subplots. Some games feature both linear and nonlinear elements, and some games offer a sandbox mode that allows players to explore an open world game environment independently from the game's main objectives, if any objectives are provided at all. A game that is significantly nonlinear is somet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinearity (journal)
''Nonlinearity'' is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by IOP Publishing and the London Mathematical Society. The journal publishes papers on nonlinear mathematics, mathematical physics, experimental physics, theoretical physics and other areas in the sciences where nonlinear phenomena are of fundamental importance. The Editors-in-Chief are Tasso J Kaper (Boston University) for IOP Publishing and Konstantin Khanin (University of Toronto) for the London Mathematical Society. Abstracting and indexing The journal is abstracted and indexed in Science Citation Index, Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences, Inspec, CompuMath Citation Index, Mathematical Reviews, MathSciNet, Zentralblatt MATH, and VINITI Database RAS. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.129. See also * '' Journal of Physics A'' * '' Inverse Problems'' *London Mathematical Society *IOP Publishing IOP Publishing (previously Institute of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear X-wave
In physics, a nonlinear X-wave (NLX) is a multi-dimensional wave that can travel without distortion. At variance with X-waves, a nonlinear X-wave does exist in the presence of nonlinearity, and in many cases it self-generates from a Gaussian (in any direction) wave packet. The distinctive feature of an NLX is its "biconical" shape, (see figure) which appears as an "X" in any section plane containing the wave peak and the direction of propagation. So far, nonlinear X-waves have been only observed in nonlinear optics experiments, and have been predicted to occur in a variety of nonlinear media including Bose–Einstein condensates. History * Preliminary experimental results were reported CLEO/QELS conference in 2001 * The first article was published in ''Physical Review Letters'' in 2003 and reported on the theoretical prediction of the existence of nonlinear X-waves. * The first experimental results also appeared in ''Physical Review Letters ''Physical Review Letters'' (''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear System
In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many other scientists because most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describing changes in variables over time, may appear chaotic, unpredictable, or counterintuitive, contrasting with much simpler linear systems. Typically, the behavior of a nonlinear system is described in mathematics by a nonlinear system of equations, which is a set of simultaneous equations in which the unknowns (or the unknown functions in the case of differential equations) appear as variables of a polynomial of degree higher than one or in the argument of a function which is not a polynomial of degree one. In other words, in a nonlinear system of equations, the equation(s) to be solved cannot be written as a linear combination of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
In theoretical physics, the (one-dimensional) nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is a nonlinear variation of the Schrödinger equation. It is a classical field equation whose principal applications are to the propagation of light in nonlinear optical fibers and planar waveguides and to Bose–Einstein condensates confined to highly anisotropic cigar-shaped traps, in the mean-field regime. Additionally, the equation appears in the studies of small-amplitude gravity waves on the surface of deep inviscid (zero-viscosity) water; the Langmuir waves in hot plasmas; the propagation of plane-diffracted wave beams in the focusing regions of the ionosphere; the propagation of Davydov's alpha-helix solitons, which are responsible for energy transport along molecular chains; and many others. More generally, the NLSE appears as one of universal equations that describe the evolution of slowly varying packets of quasi-monochromatic waves in weakly nonlinear media that have dispersion. U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
