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Newfoundland National Convention
The Newfoundland National Convention of 1946 to 1948 was a forum established to decide the constitutional future of Newfoundland. Nominations On 11 December 1945 the British Government announced that there would be an election to a national convention, which would debate constitutional options and make a recommendation as to which options would appear on a ballot in a national referendum. British Prime Minister Clement Attlee wanted to ensure that people from St John's, the capital and largest city, did not dominate the seats, so he recommended that delegates would be elected in the former electoral districts and that each delegate would have to have been a resident of the district. Nominations to the National Convention were held on May 31, 1946 and on June 21, 1946, Newfoundlanders elected 45 delegates. Two women offered themselves as candidates, but neither was elected. Lester Burry of Labrador secured a seat, the first time that Labrador had elected representation. Conven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dominion Of Newfoundland
Newfoundland was a British dominion in eastern North America, today the modern Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It was established on 26 September 1907, and confirmed by the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and the Statute of Westminster of 1931. It included the island of Newfoundland, and Labrador on the continental mainland. Newfoundland was one of the original dominions within the meaning of the Balfour Declaration and accordingly enjoyed a constitutional status equivalent to the other dominions of the time. In 1934, Newfoundland became the only dominion to give up its self-governing status, which ended 79 years of self-government. The abolition of self-government came about because of a crisis in Newfoundland's public finances in 1932. Newfoundland had accumulated a significant amount of debt by building a railway across the island, which was completed in the 1890s, and by raising its own regiment during World War I. In November 1932, the government warned th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Keough (politician)
William Joseph Keough (October 30, 1913 – March 3, 1971) was a labour organizer, journalist and politician in Newfoundland. He represented St. George's-Port au Port in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1949 to 1956 and St. George's from 1956 to 1971. The son of Joseph Patrick Keough and Mary Ellen King, he was born in St. John's and was educated at St. Patrick's Hall and Saint Bonaventure's College. He was active in the co-op movement in Newfoundland and was editor of ''The Labour Hearlad''. In 1942. he married Gertrude Clara O'Brien; the couple had three children. Keough represented St. George's at the Newfoundland National Convention in 1946 and was part of the delegation sent to England to discuss Newfoundland's future. He served as Minister of Natural Resources in the interim government led by Joey Smallwood Joseph Roberts Smallwood (December 24, 1900 – December 17, 1991) was a Newfoundlander and Canadian politician. He was the main force who brought the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1946 In Newfoundland
Events January * January 6 - The 1946 North Vietnamese parliamentary election, first general election ever in Vietnam is held. * January 7 – The Allies recognize the Austrian republic with its 1937 borders, and divide the country into four Allied-occupied Austria, occupation zones. * January 10 ** The first meeting of the United Nations is held, at Methodist Central Hall Westminster in London. ** ''Project Diana'' bounces radar waves off the Moon, measuring the exact distance between the Earth and the Moon, and proves that communication is possible between Earth and outer space, effectively opening the Space Age. * January 11 - Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania, with himself as prime minister of Albania, prime minister. * January 16 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic, French provisional government. * January 17 - The United Nations Security Council holds its first session, at Church House, Westmin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Newfoundland And Labrador
The Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador is governed by a unicameral legislature, the House of Assembly, which operates under the Westminster model of government. The executive function of government is formed by the Lieutenant Governor, the premier (head of government, and normally the leader of the largest party in the legislature) and his or her cabinet. The politics of Newfoundland and Labrador is defined by a long history, liberal democratic political institutions and a unique political culture. History Colonization Newfoundland is first inhabited by the Beothuk and the Mi'kmaq and Labrador is first inhabited by the Inuit and Innu. It has the first known European settlement in the Americas at L'Anse aux Meadows, built by the Vikings circa 1000 A.D. The island of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador has been colonized or settled by a number of European nations including England and France. The emergence of a common law system and political institutions was sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1948 Newfoundland Referendums
The Newfoundland referendums of 1948 were a series of two referendums to decide the political future of the Dominion of Newfoundland. Before the referendums, Newfoundland was in debt and went through several delegations to determine whether the country would join Canada, remain under British rule or regain independence. The voting for the referendums occurred on June 3 and July 22, 1948. The eventual result was for Newfoundland to enter into Confederation. Background Newfoundland was the first region in that what would become Canada to be settled by Europeans, but was the last to obtain either a local representative government or responsible government. In 1832, it received local representative government in the form of a locally elected body of officials overseen by a governor. The British granted responsible government, in which the government is responsible to the legislature and elected officials occupy ministerial jobs, only in 1855. Newfoundland did not send any delegates to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gordon Macdonald, 1st Baron Macdonald Of Gwaenysgor
Gordon Macdonald, 1st Baron Macdonald of Gwaenysgor (27 May 1888 – 20 January 1966) was a British Labour Party politician and Newfoundland's final British governor as well as the last chairman of the Commission of Government serving from 1946 until the colony joined Confederation in 1949 and became a province of Canada. Early life Macdonald was born in Gwaenysgor, near Prestatyn, Flintshire, Wales. His birth was registered (as Gordon McDonald) in Holywell in the third quarter of 1888. His father, Thomas Macdonald, and his mother, Ellen, were both Welsh. The family moved to the Lancashire Coalfield where he was brought up, his father working as a coalminer in a pit near Ashton in Makerfield. Educated in a local elementary school, he initially followed his father into the collieries aged 13. He subsequently won a scholarship to Ruskin College. In 1920 he was elected to Wigan Board of Guardians, in 1924 became president of a local co-operative society and in the same year a m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Jackman (politician)
David Ignatius "Nish" Jackman (May 19, 1902 – March 23, 1967) was a labour leader and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Harbour Main-Bell Island in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1949 to 1956. The son of David J. Jackman and Catherine Malcolm, he was born on Bell Island and was educated there, at Saint Bonaventure's College and at the Henry George School of Social Science in the United States. He worked in the United States during the 1920s and then returned to Newfoundland to work in the mines at Bell Island. He joined the miners' union and later served as its president. In 1948, the union was affiliated with the United Steelworkers of America. Jackman was elected as a delegate for Bell Island to the Newfoundland National Convention in 1946. He supported the Responsible Government League and economic union with the United States. He was elected to the Newfoundland assembly in 1949, was reelected in 1951 and was defeated in 1956. Jackman ran unsuccessful ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Economic Union Party
The Economic Union Party (EUP, formally the Party for Economic Union with the United States) was a political party formed in the Dominion of Newfoundland on 20 March 1948, during the first referendum campaign on the future of the country. The British-appointed Commission of Government had administered the country since the financial collapse of 1934. The alternatives were "responsible government" (restoration of Newfoundland self-rule), or "Confederation" (joining Canada). The EUP was formed by a split in the Responsible Government League (RGL), which advocated " responsible government". A group of younger anti-Confederation delegates to the Newfoundland National Convention quit the RGL, because they thought the RGL was disorganized and had failed to present a positive alternative to Confederation. Thus it seemed that the RGL was doomed to lose the referendum to Joey Smallwood's Confederate Association, advocates of Confederation. The EUP was led by St. John's businessman Chesl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Brown Job
Robert Brown Job Knt. (12 February 1873 – 6 September 1961) was an English-born businessman, politician, and economic unionist in Newfoundland. He was the oldest elected member of the Newfoundland National Convention. Early years Job was born in Waterloo, England in 1873, the youngest son of Agnes (Brown) and Thomas Raffles Job (1837–1917). T.R. Job was the son of Thomas Bulley Job and Jessie Carson, the daughter of Sir William Carson. Job's mother was Agnes Beater Brown. Job had several siblings, including three older brothers, William Carson Job (1864–1943), Samuel Ernest Job (1865–1937), and Thomas Bulley Job (born 1872). His three sisters were, Fannie Isabel, Martha, and Mildred. Job received his education at the Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby. Afterwards, Job went to work in Liverpool for the Union Marine Insurance Company. Illness forced him to leave England in 1896, so he decided to travel to Newfoundland, his parents' homeland. Career Job went to wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orange Order
The Loyal Orange Institution, commonly known as the Orange Order, is an international Protestant fraternal order based in Northern Ireland and primarily associated with Ulster Protestants, particularly those of Ulster Scots heritage. It also has lodges in England, Scotland and the Republic of Ireland, as well as in parts of the Commonwealth of Nations, Togo and the United States. The Orange Order was founded by Ulster Protestants in County Armagh in 1795, during a period of Protestant–Catholic sectarian conflict, as a fraternity sworn to maintain the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. It is headed by the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland, established in 1798. Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant king William of Orange, who defeated Catholic king James II in the Williamite–Jacobite War (16881691). The order is best known for its yearly marches, the biggest of which are held on or around 12 July (The Twelfth), a public holiday in Northern Ireland. The Orange O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orange Lodge
The Loyal Orange Institution, commonly known as the Orange Order, is an international Protestant fraternal order based in Northern Ireland and primarily associated with Ulster Protestants, particularly those of Ulster Scots people, Ulster Scots heritage. It also has lodges in England, Grand Orange Lodge of Scotland, Scotland and the Republic of Ireland, as well as in parts of the Commonwealth of Nations, Togo and the United States. The Orange Order was founded by Ulster Protestants in County Armagh in 1795, during a Armagh disturbances, period of Protestant–Catholic sectarian conflict, as a fraternity sworn to maintain the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. It is headed by the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland, established in 1798. Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant king William III of England, William of Orange, who defeated Catholic king James II of England, James II in the Williamite War in Ireland, Williamite–Jacobite War (16881691). The order is best known f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joey Smallwood
Joseph Roberts Smallwood (December 24, 1900 – December 17, 1991) was a Newfoundlander and Canadian politician. He was the main force who brought the Dominion of Newfoundland into Canadian Confederation in 1949, becoming the first premier of Newfoundland, serving until 1972. As premier, he vigorously promoted economic development, championed the welfare state, and emphasized modernization of education and transportation. The results of his efforts to promote industrialization were mixed, with the most favourable results in hydroelectricity, iron mining and paper mills. Smallwood was charismatic and controversial. While many Canadians today remember Smallwood as the man who brought Newfoundland into Canada, the opinions held by Newfoundlanders and their diaspora remain sharply divided as to his legacy. Early life Smallwood was born at Mint Brook, near Gambo, Newfoundland, to Charles and Minnie May Smallwood. His grandfather, David Smallwood, was a well-known maker of boots in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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