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Nevsky Avenue
Nevsky Prospect ( rus, Не́вский проспе́кт, r=Nevsky Prospekt (street), Prospekt, p=ˈnʲɛfskʲɪj prɐˈspʲɛkt) is the main street (high street) in the federal city of Saint Petersburg, St. Petersburg in Russian Federation, Russia. It takes its name from the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, the monastery which stands at the eastern end of the street, and which in turn commemorates the Russian hero Prince Saint Alexander Nevsky (1221–1263). Following his founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703, Tsar Peter the Great, Peter I planned the course of the street as the beginning of the road to Veliky Novgorod, Novgorod and Moscow. The avenue runs from the Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg, Admiralty in the west to the Moskovsky railway station (Saint Petersburg), Moscow Railway Station and, after veering slightly southwards at Vosstaniya Square, to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. History of the street 18th century Early 18th century. Reign of Peter the Great On Septembe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazan Cathedral, Saint Petersburg
Kazan Cathedral or Kazanskiy Kafedralniy Sobor (russian: Каза́нский кафедра́льный собо́р), also known as the Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan, is a cathedral of the Russian Orthodox Church on the Nevsky Prospekt in Saint Petersburg. It is dedicated to ''Our Lady of Kazan'', one of the most venerated icons in Russia. Background Construction of the cathedral started in 1801 and continued for ten years under the supervision of Alexander Sergeyevich Stroganov. Upon its completion in 1811, the new temple replaced the Church of Nativity of the Theotokos, which was disassembled when the Kazan Cathedral was consecrated. The architect Andrey Voronikhin modelled the building on St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Some art historians assert that Emperor Paul (reigned 1796–1801) intended to build a similar church on the other side of Nevsky Prospect that would mirror the Kazan Cathedral, but such plans failed to materialize. Although the Russian Orthodox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vosstaniya Square
Vosstaniya Square (russian: Пло́щадь Восста́ния, lit. ''Uprising Square'') is a major square in the Central Business District of Saint Petersburg, Russia. The square lies at the crossing of Nevsky Prospekt, Ligovsky Prospekt, Vosstaniya Street and Goncharnaya Street, in front of the Moskovsky Rail Terminal, which is the northern terminus of the line connecting the city with Moscow. Administratively, the Vosstaniya Square falls under the authority of the Tsentralny District. History From the 1840s to 1918 the square was known as Znamenskaya Square ( ru , Знаменская площадь, "Sign Square"), after the built there between 1794 and 1804 to a Neoclassical design by . The church building commemorated the icon of Our Lady of the Sign. Four years before the Romanov Tercentenary, in 1909, Prince Paolo Troubetzkoy, an artist and sculptor, completed a tremendous equestrian statue of Tsar Alexander III. It stood opposite Nikolayevsky Station in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batog
A batog is a rod or stick about the thickness of a man's finger traditionally used for corporal punishment in Russia. The condemned was stretched on the floor face down with his back exposed while two men sat on him, one holding down the arms the other on the legs. The two men would then begin beating the victim across the back, replacing their batogs if they broke, until ordered to stop. The punishment was not usually fatal. Peter the Great used this form of punishment, along with much harsher measures such as the breaking wheel, during the Streltsy Uprising in 1698. See also *Caning *Knout A knout is a heavy scourge-like multiple whip, usually made of a series of rawhide thongs attached to a long handle, sometimes with metal wire or hooks incorporated. The English word stems from a spelling-pronunciation of a French transliterat ... References {{reflist Medieval instruments of torture European instruments of torture Corporal punishments Peter the Great ru:Бато ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catherine I
Catherine I ( rus, Екатери́на I Алексе́евна Миха́йлова, Yekaterína I Alekséyevna Mikháylova; born , ; – ) was the second wife and empress consort of Peter the Great, and Empress Regnant of Russia from 1725 until her death in 1727. Life as a servant The life of Catherine I was said by Voltaire to be nearly as extraordinary as that of Peter the Great himself. Said to have been born on 15 April 1684 ( o.s. 5 April), she was originally named Marta Helena Skowrońska. Marta was the daughter of Samuel Skowroński (later spelt ''Samuil Skavronsky''), a Roman Catholic farmer from the eastern parts of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, born to Minsker parents. In 1680 he married Dorothea Hahn at Jakobstadt. Her mother is named in at least one source as Elizabeth Moritz, the daughter of a Baltic German woman and there is debate as to whether Moritz's father was a Swedish officer. It is likely that two stories were conflated, and Swedish sources sugg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei Ivanovich Bogdanov
Andrei Ivanovich Bogdanov (russian: Андрей Иванович Богданов; 1692 – September 11, 1766) was one of the first Russian bibliographers and ethnographers. Andrei Bogdanov was born in Siberia; his father was a gunpowder-maker and Andrei had assisted him in his work. Once his family moved to newly founded Saint Petersburg, young Andrei Bogdanov went to the Academy '' gymnasium'' (a secondary school run by the Russian Academy of Sciences). In 1719 according to Peter the Great's edict Bogdanov began work in the field of typographical art. In 1730 he was assigned to the library of the Academy of Sciences. His major literary and historic work was ''Description of Saint-Petersburg from the beginning in the year 1703 up to the year 1751'', a first encyclopaedic description of the newly built Russian capital based on available archival materials and recollections of the eyewitnesses. The work was accomplished by 1751 and Bogdanov as its author was awarded 50 roubles f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascine
A fascine is a rough bundle of brushwood or other material used for strengthening an earthen structure, or making a path across uneven or wet terrain. Typical uses are protecting the banks of streams from erosion, covering marshy ground and so on. In war they have often been used to help armiesin modern times, especially tanks and other vehiclescross trenches, valleys, marshes, muddy or uneven terrain, etc. Early military use Fascine bundles were used defensively for revetting (shoring up) trenches or ramparts, especially around artillery batteries, or offensively to fill in ditches and cross obstacles on a battlefield. Fascine bridges are a regularly attested feature of Roman military engineering and would have been widespread in the ancient world due to their usefulness and ease of construction. During the Siege of Alesia, the Gauls repeatedly attempted to repel the invading Romans by filling their trenches in with fascines and covering their traps, to support their counter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clearing (forest)
In the most general sense, a glade or clearing is an open area within a forest. Glades are often grassy meadows under the canopy of deciduous trees such as red alder or quaking aspen in western North America. They also represent openings in forests where local conditions such as avalanches, poor soils, or fire damage have created semipermanent clearings. They are very important to herbivorous animals, such as deer and elk, for forage and denning activities. Sometimes the word is used in a looser sense, as in the treeless wetlands of the Everglades of Florida. In the central United States, calcareous glades occur with rocky, prairie-like habitats in areas of shallow soil. Glades are characterized by unique plant and animal communities that are adapted to harsh and dry conditions. See also *Treefall gap A treefall gap is a distinguishable hole in the canopy of a forest with vertical sides extending through all levels down to an average height of above ground. These holes o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligovsky Avenue
Ligovsky Prospekt () is a major street in Saint Petersburg. Before the establishment of the city, it was a street leading to Novgorod, used by the people living in the villages around the Neva delta. Between 1718-25, when Saint Petersburg was the capital of Russia, construction began on the Ligovsky Canal. The canal was used to transfer water from the river to fountains of the Summer Garden, hence the name of the street and the canal. After the flood of 1777 all the fountains were demolished, and later the canal was as well. Ligovsky Prospekt today The Ligovsky Prospekt is one of the largest streets in Saint Petersburg. It extends from Oktyabrskiy Big Concert Hall, Vosstaniya Square and Nevsky Prospekt, and runs through southern Saint Petersburg, onto Moskovsky Prospekt and the Moscow Triumphal Gate. Names of the street * Moskovskaya Street; during 1739 to the late eighteenth century * Ligovsky Canal Embankment; during the nineteenth century * Ligovskaya Street; during 189 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky
Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (russian: Александр Ярославич Невский; ; 13 May 1221 – 14 November 1263) served as Prince of Novgorod (1236–40, 1241–56 and 1258–1259), Grand Prince of Kiev (1236–52) and Grand Prince of Vladimir (1252–63) during some of the most difficult times in Kievan Rus' history. Commonly regarded as a key figure of medieval Rus', Alexander was a grandson of Vsevolod the Big Nest and rose to legendary status on account of his military victories over German and Swedish invaders. He preserved separate statehood and Orthodoxy, agreeing to pay tribute to the powerful Golden Horde. Metropolite Macarius canonized Alexander Nevsky as a saint of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1547. Childhood and youth From ''Tales of the Life and Courage of the Pious and Great Prince Alexander'' found in the ''Second Pskovian Chronicle'', circa 1260–1280, comes one of the first known references to the Great Prince: "By the will of God, pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a medieval state that existed from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Gulf of Finland in the west to the northern Ural Mountains in the east, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of modern Russia. The Republic prospered as the easternmost trading post of the Hanseatic League and its Slavic, Baltic and Finnic people were much influenced by the culture of the Viking-Varangians and Byzantine people. Name The state was called "Novgorod" and "Novgorod the Great" (''Veliky Novgorod'', russian: Великий Новгород) with the form "Sovereign Lord Novgorod the Great" (''Gosudar Gospodin Veliky Novgorod'', russian: Государь Господин Великий Новгород) becoming common in the 15th century. ''Novgorod Land'' and ''Novgorod volost usually referred to the land belonging to Novgorod. ''Novgorod Republic'' itself is a much later term, although the polity was described as a republic as early a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Neva
The Battle of the Neva (russian: Невская битва, Nevskaya bitva; sv, slaget vid Neva; ) was fought between the Novgorod Republic and Karelians against History of Sweden (800–1521), Swedish, Kingdom of Norway (872–1397), Norwegian, Finns proper, Finnish and Tavastia (historical province), Tavastian force on the Neva River, near the settlement of Ust-Izhora, on 15 July 1240. The battle is only mentioned in Russian sources, and it remains unclear whether it was a major invasion or a small scale raid. In Russian historiography it has become an event of massive scale and importance. Russian sources The existence of the battle is only known from Russian sources. The first source to mention the battle is the Novgorod First Chronicle from the 14th century. According to the chronicle, on receiving the news of the advancing Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and Tavastian fleets, the 20-year-old Prince Alexander Yaroslavich of Novgorod quickly moved his small army and local men ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palace Square
Palace Square ( rus, Дворцо́вая пло́щадь, r=Dvortsovaya Ploshchad, p=dvɐˈrtsovəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ), connecting Nevsky Prospekt with Palace Bridge leading to Vasilievsky Island, is the central city square of St Petersburg and of the former Russian Empire. Many significant events took place there, including the Bloody Sunday massacre and parts of the October Revolution of 1917. Between 1918 and 1944, it was known as Uritsky Square ( rus, площадь Урицкого), in memory of the assassinated leader of the city's Cheka branch, Moisei Uritsky. The earliest and most celebrated building on the square, the Baroque white-and-turquoise Winter Palace (as re-built between 1754 and 1762) of the Russian tsars, gives the square its name. Although the adjacent buildings are designed in the Neoclassical style, they perfectly match the palace in their scale, rhythm, and monumentality. The opposite, southern side of the square was designed in the shape of an arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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