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Neova
Neova Oy (formerly Vapo Oy) is a Finnish state-owned company. In 2021, approximately two-thirds of the company’s turnover was derived from refined growing media sold under the Kekkilä brand, among others. The company’s other key products included activated carbon produced from peat, and wood-based fuels. The Finnish state owns 50.1% of Neova, with the rest being held by Suomen Energiavarat Oy (SEV), which is owned by Finnish energy companies. History From Timber Office to Valtion Polttoainetoimisto (State Fuel Office), Vapo (1940–1950) The outbreak of World War II made it more difficult for government offices to acquire fuel in Finland. In January 1940, state-owned companies’ procurement of firewood and timber was concentrated in the temporarily expanded Timber Office of the National Board of Railways. The Timber Office’s activities were expanded and it began to operate under the Ministry of Supply. The office was responsible for the fuel supply of the state-owned r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peat Energy In Finland
Finland is one of the last countries in the world still burning peat. Peat has high global warming emissions and high environmental concerns. It may be compared to brown coal (lignite) or worse than this lowest rank of coal. Peat is the most harmful energy source for global warming in Finland. According to IEA the Finnish subsidies for peat in 2007-2010 undermined the goal to reduce emissions and counteracted other environmental policies and The European Union emissions trading scheme. "White peat" is used in greenhouses and livestock farming. Energy use In 2021 an estimated 2 million tonnes of peat was burnt in Finland. The EU is helping to fund a just transition away from this. According to the national energy statistics the energy use of peat grew in Finland in the 1980s: 1975: 0.5 TWh and 1980 4,7 TWh. The share of peat energy was 19 TWh in 2005 and in the peak year 2007 28.4 TWh. In 2006 the peat energy provided 25.3 TWh which gave 6.2 TWh electricity, 6.1 TWh warmin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osakeyhtiö
''Osakeyhtiö'' (; " stock company"), often abbreviated to Oy (), is the term for a Finnish limited company (e.g., Ltd, LLC, or GmbH). The Swedish-language term is '' aktiebolag'', often abbreviated (in Finland) to Ab. The Swedish abbreviation is sometimes included, as in ''Ab Company Oy'', ''Oy Company Ab'', or ''Company Oy Ab''. The abbreviations have been styled in many ways, such as ''Oy'', ''OY'', ''O.Y.'', or even ''O/Y''. The English form is ''Ltd.'' ''Julkinen osakeyhtiö'' ''Julkinen osakeyhtiö'' (pl. ''julkiset osakeyhtiöt'') means "public stock company" and is abbreviated to oyj (). A ''julkinen osakeyhtiö'' can be listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange. The term's Swedish equivalent is ''Abp'' (''publikt aktiebolag''). An oyj may be called a public limited company or public company in English and may use the abbreviation PLC or the term corporation in the company's English name, for example Remedy Entertainment Plc, Kone Corporation and Nokia Corporation. Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fuel Oil
Fuel oil is any of various fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum (crude oil). Such oils include distillates (the lighter fractions) and residues (the heavier fractions). Fuel oils include heavy fuel oil, marine fuel oil (MFO), bunker fuel, furnace oil (FO), gas oil (gasoil), heating oils (such as home heating oil), diesel fuel and others. The term ''fuel oil'' generally includes any liquid fuel that is burned in a furnace or boiler to generate heat ( heating oils), or used in an engine to generate power (as motor fuels). However, it does not usually include other liquid oils, such as those with a flash point of approximately , or oils burned in cotton- or wool-wick burners. In a stricter sense, ''fuel oil'' refers only to the heaviest commercial fuels that crude oil can yield, that is, those fuels heavier than gasoline (petrol) and naphtha. Fuel oil consists of long-chain hydrocarbons, particularly alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics. Small molecules, such as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geological Survey Of Finland
The Geological Survey of Finland ( fi, Geologian tutkimuskeskus abbreviated GTK, sv, Geologiska forskningscentralen) is the geological survey of Finland. The organization was founded in 1885 when Emperor Alexander III decreed that the Geological Survey of Finland (Suomen geologinen tutkimus) be established. The survey produces impartial and objective research data and services in support of decision-making in industry, academia, and wider society. provides solutions to accelerate the transition to sustainable and carbon-neutral world. GTK employs more than 400 experts specialising in the mineral economy, circular economy, solutions related to energy, water and the environment, as well as digital solutions. GTK is a research institution governed by the Finnish Ministry of Employment and the Economy, operating in Finland and globally. Publications The Geological Survey of Finland publishes the ''Geological Survey of Finland, Bulletin'' since 1895. Before 1971 this publication was n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Association For Nature Conservation
The Finnish Association for Nature Conservation (FANC) (in Finnish: ''Suomen luonnonsuojeluliitto (SLL'') is the largest non-governmental organization for environmental protection and nature conservation in Finland with over 34,000 members. It was established in 1938, but the oldest local member association, The Kuopio Nature Friends Association, is over 110 years old (founded in 1896). Major work The major themes of environmental work include: * forest protection * climate change prevention and sustainable energy policy * mire and water protection * sustainable production and consumption and ecological fiscal reform * management and protection of cultural landscapes * land use issues and protection of endangered species * waste policy and chemicals * hosting the European EKOenergy Secretariat Publications Suomen Luonto (Nature of Finland) is published by the Finnish Association for Nature Conservation. It is Finland's largest nature magazine. Logo In the logo is the Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metsä Group
Metsä Group (previously Metsäliitto Group) is a Finnish forest industry group present in about 30 countries. Metsä Group's core businesses are tissue and cooking papers (Metsä Tissue), board (Metsä Board), pulp (Metsä Fibre), wood products (Metsä Wood) as well as wood trade and forestry services (Metsä Forest). Metsä Group's sales totalled EUR 6.0 billion in 2021, and it employs approximately 9,500 people. Metsäliitto Cooperative, the parent company of Metsä Group, is owned by nearly 100,000 Finnish forest owning members. History Metsäliitto Cooperative, the parent company of Metsä Group, can trace its origins back to the cooperative movement which started to establish itself in Finland at around the beginning of the 20th century. Operations started with shared sales, and Metsäliitto Oy, established in 1934, continued this at first with timber exports. Metsäliitto, which became a cooperative in 1947, started its industrial operations through its own sawmill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kuivaniemi
Kuivaniemi is a former municipality of Finland. It was located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 1,977 on 31 December 2006 (ranked 351st) and covered a land area of on 1 January 2006. The population density was . The municipality was unilingually Finnish Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language, the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also .... Kuivaniemi was incorporated into Ii municipality on 1 January 2007. The formed municipality inherited Kuivaniemi's seal-sporting coat of arms. References External links Former municipalities of Finland Populated places established in 1867 Populated places disestablished in 2007 {{OuluProvince-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wind Power
Wind power or wind energy is mostly the use of wind turbines to electricity generation, generate electricity. Wind power is a popular, sustainable energy, sustainable, renewable energy source that has a much smaller Environmental impact of wind power, impact on the environment than burning fossil fuels. Historically, wind power has been used in sails, windmills and windpumps but today it is mostly used to generate electricity. Wind farms consist of many individual wind turbines, which are connected to the electric power transmission Electrical grid, network. New Onshore wind farm, onshore (on-land) wind farms are cheaper than new Coal-fired power station, coal or Gas-fired power plant, gas plants, but expansion of wind power is being hindered by fossil fuel subsidies. Onshore wind farms have a greater visual #Impact on environment and landscape, impact on the landscape than some other power stations. Small onshore wind farms can feed some energy into the grid or provide power t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Log Driving
Log driving is a means of moving logs (sawn tree trunks) from a forest to sawmills and pulp mills downstream using the current of a river. It was the main transportation method of the early logging industry in Europe and North America. History When the first sawmills were established, they were usually small water-powered facilities located near the source of timber, which might be converted to grist mills after farming became established when the forests had been cleared. Later, bigger circular sawmills were developed in the lower reaches of a river, with the logs floated down to them by log drivers. In the broader, slower stretches of a river, the logs might be bound together into timber rafts. In the smaller, wilder stretches of a river where rafts couldn't get through, masses of individual logs were driven down the river like huge herds of cattle. "Log floating" in Sweden (''timmerflottning'') had begun by the 16th century, and 17th century in Finland (''tukinuitto''). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä () is a city and municipality in Finland in the western part of the Finnish Lakeland. It is located about 150 km north-east from Tampere, the third largest city in Finland; and about 270 km north from Helsinki, the capital of Finland. The Jyväskylä sub-region includes Jyväskylä, Hankasalmi, Laukaa, Petäjävesi, Toivakka, and Uurainen. Other border municipalities of Jyväskylä are Joutsa, Jämsä and Luhanka. Jyväskylä is the largest city in the region of Central Finland and in the Finnish Lakeland; as of , Jyväskylä had a population of . The city has been one of the fastest-growing cities in Finland during the 20th century, when in 1940, there were only 8,000 inhabitants in Jyväskylä. Elias Lönnrot, the compiler of the Finnish national epic, the ''Kalevala'', gave the city the nickname "Athens of Finland". This nickname refers to the major role of Jyväskylä as an educational centre. The works of the notable Finnish architect, Alvar Aalto, can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content and few impurities, made by heating coal or oil in the absence of air—a destructive distillation process. It is an important industrial product, used mainly in iron ore smelting, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges when air pollution is a concern. The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude oil in oil refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes.B. Kwiecińska and H. I. Petersen (2004): "Graphite, semi-graphite, natural coke, and natural char classification — ICCP system". ''International Journal of Coal Geology'', volume 57, issue 2, pages 99-116. History China Historical sources dating to the 4th century describe the production of coke in ancient China. The Chinese first used coke for heating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal is formed when dead plant matter decays into peat and is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. Vast deposits of coal originate in former wetlands called coal forests that covered much of the Earth's tropical land areas during the late Carboniferous ( Pennsylvanian) and Permian times. Many significant coal deposits are younger than this and originate from the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Coal is used primarily as a fuel. While coal has been known and used for thousands of years, its usage was limited until the Industrial Revolution. With the invention of the steam engine, coal consumption increased. In 2020, coal supplied about a quarter of the world's primary energy and over a third of its electricity. Some iron ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
