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Nemyriv, Lviv Oblast
Nemyriv ( uk, Немирів, once called in pl, Niemirów) is an urban-type settlement and a health resort 21 kilometres from Rava-Ruska in Yavoriv Raion, Lviv Oblast (province) of Ukraine. Before the Polish September Campaign, until September 17, 1939, it was in Lwów Voivodeship (Poland). Nemyriv belongs to Yavoriv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: . Local government is administered by Nemyrivska settlement council. The history of Niemirów, as the town is called in Polish, dates back to the late 15th century, when its owner, a man named Niemierz, tried to turn the village into a town. He failed, and until 1580 Niemirów, part of Poland's Ruthenian Voivodeship, remained a village. In that year, local nobleman Andrzej Fredro founded a town along a merchant trail. It was officially confirmed by King Stefan Batory, and the Fredro family contributed much to the town's growth. Their coat of arms, the Bończa, is the current coat of arms of the village. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban-type Settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, abbreviated: uk, с.м.т., translit=s.m.t.; be, пасёлак гарадскога тыпу, translit=pasiolak haradskoha typu; pl, osiedle typu miejskiego; bg, селище от градски тип, translit=selishte ot gradski tip; ro, așezare de tip orășenesc. is an official designation for a semi-urban settlement (previously called a "town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ..."), used in several Eastern European countries. The term was historically used in Bulgaria, Poland, and the Soviet Union, and remains in use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yavoriv Urban Hromada
Yavoriv urban territorial hromada ( uk, Яворівська міська територіальна громада, translit=Yavorivska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada (municipality) in Ukraine, in Yavoriv Raion of Lviv Oblast. The administrative centre is the city of Yavoriv. The area of the hromada is , and the population is 52,232 inhabitants (). Settlements The hromada consists of one city (Yavoriv), two urban-type settlements (Krakovets and Nemyriv), and 79 villages: * * * * * * Velyki Makary * * * * * * * * * Hlynets * * * * * * * * Zavadiv * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Nahachiv * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Rohizno * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Chernyliava Chernyliava ( uk, Черниля́ва) is a village (''selo'') in Yavoriv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in the Western Ukraine, West Ukraine. It belongs to Yavoriv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population of the vil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hetman
( uk, гетьман, translit=het'man) is a political title from Central and Eastern Europe, historically assigned to military commanders. Used by the Czechs in Bohemia since the 15th century. It was the title of the second-highest military commander in the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 16th to 18th centuries. Throughout much of the history of Romania and the Moldavia, hetmans were the second-highest army rank. In the modern Czech Republic the title is used for regional governors. Etymology The term ''hetman'' was a Polish borrowing, probably from the German – captain or a borrowing of the comparable Turkic title ''ataman'' (literally 'father of horsemen'). Hetmans of Poland and Lithuania The Polish title ''Grand Crown Hetman'' ( pl, hetman wielki koronny) dates from 1505. The title of ''Hetman'' was given to the leader of the Polish Army. Until 1581 the hetman position existed only during specific campaigns and wars. After tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Niemirów
The Battle of Niemyrow or battle of Nemirów took place on 7-8 October 1672, during the Polish-Ottoman War (1672-1676). It was part of Jan III Sobieski’s autumn expedition, aimed at destruction of mounted Tatar units, which plundered southeastern provinces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Battle of Narol, Polish units rested for some time, and on 7 October set off towards Cieszanow and Lubaczow. The area was raided by strong Crimean Tatar units, which burned villages, and captured thousands of civilians. After destroying a smaller Tatar unit, the Poles found out that a large force under Azamet Gerej, the son of the Crimean khan, concentrated near the town of Niemirow. Sobieski decided to carry out a surprise attack. The battle itself was short. Tatar camp was attacked from both front and rear, and the battle soon turned into a rout, in which the invaders were massacred. Thousands of captured civilians were released, and Poles took rich booty. Among Polish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676)
Polish–Ottoman War (1672–1676) was a conflict between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, as a precursor of the Great Turkish War. It ended in 1676 with the Treaty of Żurawno and the Commonwealth ceding control of most of its Ukraine territories to the Ottomans. Prelude The causes of the Polish-Ottoman War of 1672–1676 can be traced to 1666. Petro Doroshenko Hetman of Zaporizhian Host, aiming to gain control of Ukraine but facing defeats from other factions struggling over control of that region, in a final bid to preserve his power in Ukraine, signed a treaty with Sultan Mehmed IV in 1669 that recognized the Cossack Hetmanate as a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.Finkel, C., 2005, Osman's Dream, Cambridge: Basic Books, In the meantime, Commonwealth forces were trying to put down unrest in Ukraine, but were weakened by decades long wars (Khmelnytsky Uprising, The Deluge and Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)). Trying to capitalize on that weakness, Tata ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Starosta
The starosta or starost (Cyrillic: ''старост/а'', Latin: ''capitaneus'', german: link=no, Starost, Hauptmann) is a term of Slavic origin denoting a community elder whose role was to administer the assets of a clan or family estates. The Slavic root of starost translates as "senior". Since the Middle Ages, it has meant an official in a leadership position in a range of civic and social contexts throughout Central and Eastern Europe. In terms of a municipality, a ''starosta'' was historically a senior royal administrative official, equivalent to the County Sheriff or the outdated Seneschal, and analogous to a gubernator. In Poland, a ''starosta'' would administer crown territory or a delineated district called a '' starostwo''. In the early Middle Ages, the ''starosta'' could head a settled urban or rural community or other communities, such as a church starosta, or an ''artel'' starosta, etc. The starosta also functioned as the master of ceremonies. Poland Kingdom of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John III Sobieski
John III Sobieski ( pl, Jan III Sobieski; lt, Jonas III Sobieskis; la, Ioannes III Sobiscius; 17 August 1629 – 17 June 1696) was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1674 until his death in 1696. Born into Polish nobility, Sobieski was educated at the Jagiellonian University and toured Europe in his youth. As a soldier and later commander, he fought in the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the Russo-Polish War and during the Swedish invasion known as the Deluge. Sobieski demonstrated his military prowess during the war against the Ottoman Empire and established himself as a leading figure in Poland and Lithuania. In 1674, he was elected monarch of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth following the sudden and unexpected death of King Michael. Sobieski's 22-year reign marked a period of the Commonwealth's stabilization, much needed after the turmoil of previous conflicts. Popular among his subjects, he was an able military leader, most famous for his victory over the Turks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Sobieski
The House of Sobieski (plural: Sobiescy, feminine form: Sobieska) was a prominent magnate family of Polish nobility in the 16th and 17th centuries from which the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Jan III Sobieski originated. The family used the Janina coat of arms. History According to the family's legend, it traced its lineage to a Polish duke, Leszek II the Black. Another family legend said that they were the descendants of Duke ''Sobiesław'', the son of Leszko III, a legendary ruler of the Popielids dynasty. The family reached the height of its power and importance in the late 16th and 17th centuries, when one of its members was elected King of Poland: John III Sobieski (Jan III Sobieski). The last male member of the branch of the family that began with John's grandfather, Marek Sobieski, in the 16th century was Jakub Ludwik Sobieski (1667–1737). Coat of arms The Sobieski family used the Janina coat of arms, and their motto was ''Vel cum hoc, vel super hoc''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yavoriv
Yavoriv ( uk, Яворів, ; pl, Jaworów; yi, יאַוואָראָוו , translit=Yavorov; german: Jaworiw) is a city in the Lviv region of western Ukraine which is around 15 kilometers from the Polish border. It is the administrative centre of Yavoriv Raion and is situated approximately west of the oblast capital, Lviv. Yavoriv hosts the administration of Yavoriv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately . Not far from it is the watering-place of Shklo with sulphur springs. History The town was first mentioned in written documents in 1436. It received Magdeburg rights in 1569, from Polish King Sigismund II Augustus. Jaworów was a royal town of Poland. It was a favorite residence of king John III Sobieski. In 1675 John III signed the Polish-French Treaty of Jaworów in the town, and there he also received the congratulations from the Pope on his success against the Turks at Vienna (1683), and ratified the formation of the Holy League a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bończa Coat Of Arms
Bończa is a Polish coat of arms. Notable bearers Notable bearers of this coat of arms include: * House of Badeni * Stanisław Chomętowski *Stefan Chmielecki *House of Fredro **Aleksander Fredro * Józef Ignacy Dyga Polish National Army, victim of Russian massacre at Katyń * Stanisław Jakub Skarżyński Group Captain Polish Air Force, record holder transatlantic flight 1933 * Ambroży Mikołaj Skarżyński Baron, General, Chief of Napoleon's Imperial Guard squadron (Polish 1st Light Cavalry Regiment of the Imperial Guard). Related coat of arms * Chłędowski coat of arms * coat of arms Gallery file:POL COA Fredro II.svg, Counts Fredro File:POL COA Badeni 1887.svg, Counts Badeni (1887) File:POL COA Bończa-Badeni.svg, Counts Badeni See also * Polish heraldry * Heraldic family * List of coats of arms of Polish nobility Bibliography * Tadeusz Gajl Tadeusz Gajl (born 1940 in Vilnius, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian-born Polish artist and graphic designer, notable for his co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stephen Báthory
Stephen Báthory ( hu, Báthory István; pl, Stefan Batory; ; 27 September 1533 – 12 December 1586) was Voivode of Transylvania (1571–1576), Prince of Transylvania (1576–1586), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (1576–1586). The son of Stephen VIII Báthory and a member of the Hungarian Báthory noble family, Báthory was a ruler of Transylvania in the 1570s, defeating another challenger for that title, Gáspár Bekes. In 1576 Báthory became the husband of Queen Anna Jagiellon and the third elected king of Poland. He worked closely with chancellor Jan Zamoyski. The first years of his reign were focused on establishing power, defeating a fellow claimant to the throne, Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and quelling rebellions, most notably, the Danzig rebellion. He reigned only a decade, but is considered one of the most successful kings in Polish history, particularly in the realm of military history. His signal achievement was his victorious campaign i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro
Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro (1620 – 15 June 1679) was a Polish szlachcic and writer. He was born in 1620. Fredro studied at the Cracow Academy. He was castellan of Lwów from 1654 and voivode of the Podolian Voivodeship from 1676. He was Marshal of the Sejm (zwyczajny) from 16 January to 11 March 1652 in Warsaw. At that sejm Władysław Siciński used liberum veto for the first time. Fredro fortified Przemyśl in 1658-1660. He died on 15 June 1679. In his political writing, Fredro argues that liberum veto is necessary for a republic as big as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. When one region of the Commonwealth falls into crisis, nobles from other regions may not be fully aware of the danger. Decision by majority in the Sejm is dangerous for such a big republic, because it enables the majority to ignore the interests of a particular region which has gotten into difficulty and asks the nation for help.Z. Ogonowski: ''Nad pismami A.M. Fredry w obronie liberum veto.''. In: Z. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
