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National Revolution Movement
The National Movement of the Revolution (french: Mouvement national de la révolution, abbreviated MNR) was a political party in the Republic of the Congo. MNR was founded at a congress held June 29 to July 6, 1964. MNR was instituted as the sole legal political party in the country on July 20, 1964, according to the Law No. 25-65.Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique'. Paris: Karthala, 1997. pp. 105-106 Pre-existing political parties were ordered to fuse into the MNR.Nohlen, Dieter, Michael Krennerich, and Bernhard Thibaut. Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook'. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. p. 260 MNR adopted scientific socialism as its ideological foundation. Ambroise Noumazalaye was the First Secretary of the party.Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique'. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 109 MNR was a mass party. It had two central leading organs, a Central Committee and a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ambroise Noumazalaye
Ambroise Édouard Noumazalaye (September 23, 1933Rémy Bazenguissa-Ganga, ''Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique'' (1997), Karthala Editions, page 442.November 17, 2007"Le président du Sénat, Ambroise Edouard Noumazalay est décédé à Paris" , ''Les Dépêches de Brazzaville'', November 18, 2007 .) was a Republic of the Congo, Congolese politician who was Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo, Prime Minister of Congo-Brazzaville from 1966 to 1968,"Hommage du PCT au défunt président du sénat Ambr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vanguard Party
Vanguardism in the context of Leninist revolutionary struggle, relates to a strategy whereby the most class-conscious and politically "advanced" sections of the proletariat or working class, described as the revolutionary vanguard, form organizations. They take actions to draw larger sections of the working class toward revolutionary politics and to serve as manifestations of proletarian political power opposed to the bourgeois. Foundations Vladimir Lenin popularised political vanguardism as conceptualised by Karl Kautsky, detailing his thoughts in one of his earlier works, ''What is to be done?''. Lenin argued that Marxism's complexity and the hostility of the establishment (the autocratic, semi-feudal state of Imperial Russia) required that a close-knit group of individuals pulled from the working class vanguard to safeguard the revolutionary ideology within the particular circumstances presented by the Tsarist régime (Russian Empire) at the time. While Lenin wished for a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1964 Establishments In The Republic Of The Congo
Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople meet in Jerusalem. * January 6 – A British firm, the Leyland Motor Corp., announces the sale of 450 buses to the Cuban government, challenging the United States blockade of Cuba. * January 9 – '' Martyrs' Day'': Armed clashes between United States troops and Panamanian civilians in the Panama Canal Zone precipitate a major international crisis, resulting in the deaths of 21 Panamanians and 4 U.S. soldiers. * January 11 – United States Surgeon General Luther Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous to one's health (the first such statement from the U.S. government). * January 12 ** Zanzibar Revolution: The predominantly Arab government of Zanzibar is overthrown by African nationalist rebe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
