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National Research Council (Italy)
The National Research Council (Italian: ''Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR'') is the largest research council in Italy. As a public organisation, its remit is to support scientific and technological research. Its headquarters are in Rome. History The institution was founded in 1923. The first president was Vito Volterra, succeeded by Guglielmo Marconi. The process of improvement of the national scientific research, through the use of specific laws, (see Law 59/1997), affects many research organisations, and amongst them is CNR, whose "primary function is to carry on, through its own organs, advanced basic and applied research, both to develop and maintain its own scientific competitiveness, and to be ready to take part effectively in a timely manner in the strategic fields defined by the national planning system". On 23 December 1987, CNR registered the first Italian internet domain: cnr.it Reorganisation With the issuing of the legislative decree of 30 January 1999, n. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Chiara Carrozza
Maria Chiara Carrozza (born 16 September 1965) is an Italians, Italian physicist, engineer and politician. She was Ministry of Education, Universities and Research (Italy), Minister of Education, University and Research between April 2013 and February 2014 in the Letta Cabinet. She has been president of the National Research Council (Italy), National Research Council of Italy since April 2021. Biography Maria Chiara Carrozza received the Laurea degree in physics from the University of Pisa, Italy, in 1990 and a PhD in engineering at Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna (SSSA), in 1994. Since November 2006, she has been a Full Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Robotics at SSSA. In the period 2007 to 2013 she was the Rector of SSSA, and the youngest rector in Italy on her appointment. In 2013, she was elected Member of the Italian Parliament; from April 28, 2013, until February 2014 she was the Italian Minister for Education and Research; from Marc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eduardo Caianiello
Eduardo Renato Caianiello (June 25, 1921 – October 22, 1993) was an Italian physicist. He contributed to scientific research, especially in quantum theory and cybernetics. He was also a pioneer in the theory of neural networks. His Caianiello's equation formalized the theory of Hebbian learning. Caianello founded and directed the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the University of Naples; the Laboratory of Cybernetics of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche at Arco Felice (Naples), the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of the University of Salerno, the International Institute for Senior Scientific Studies (IIASS) at Vietri sul Mare (Salerno) and the School of Specialization in Cyber and Physical Sciences. The name of the Hafnian was coined by Cainaniello "to mark the fruitful period of stay in Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paolo Malanima
Paolo Malanima (born 17 December 1950) is an Italian economic historian and director of the Institute of Studies on Mediterranean Societies in Naples. Malanima's main research interests are long-term developments in economic history, particularly the performance of the Italian economy since Classical antiquity, history of energy and global history. Life Paolo Malanima received his education in Humanities at the Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa and the University of Pisa from 1969 to 1973. He was Professor of Economic History and Economics at the University of Pisa from 1977 until 1994, and at the Magna Græcia University in Catanzaro, Calabria, from 1994 until 2002. Since 2002, Malanima is director of the Institute of Studies on Mediterranean Societies (ISSM) in Naples, which is part of the Italian National Council of Research. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rita Levi-Montalcini
Rita Levi-Montalcini (, ; 22 April 1909 – 30 December 2012) was an Italian Nobel laureate, honored for her work in neurobiology. She was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with colleague Stanley Cohen for the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF). From 2001 until her death, she also served in the Italian Senate as a Senator for Life. This honor was given due to her significant scientific contributions. On 22 April 2009, she became the first Nobel laureate to reach the age of 100, and the event was feted with a party at Rome's City Hall. Early life and education Levi-Montalcini was born on 22 April 1909 in Turin, to Italian Jewish parents with roots dating back to the Roman Empire. She and her twin sister Paola were the youngest of four children. Her parents were Adele Montalcini, a painter, and Adamo Levi, an electrical engineer and mathematician, whose families had moved from Asti and Casale Monferrato, respectively, to Turin at the turn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luciano Fadiga
Luciano Fadiga (born 8 August 1961) is a neurophysiologist at the Human Physiology Section of the University of Ferrara and a Senior Researcher at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia of Genoa, Italy. Born in 1961. M.D., University of Bologna, Ph.D. in Neuroscience, University of Parma. Senior Researcher at the University of Parma since 1992. He is actually Professor of Human Physiology at the University of Ferrara and Senior Researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology. He has a long experience in electrophysiology and neurophysiology in monkeys ( single-neuron recordings) and humans (transcranial magnetic stimulation, study of spinal excitability, brain imaging, recording of single neurons in awake neurosurgery patients). Among his contributions: #The description of the functional properties of the monkey ventral premotor cortex. During this time Fadiga, together with his Parma colleagues, discovered mirror neurons, a class of neurons that respond both when the monkey p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesco Dieli
Francesco Dieli (born May 23, 1958) is an Italian immunologist. He was born in Prizzi, Italy. After high school education, in 1983 he got his degree with honors in Medicine at the University of Palermo where he specialized in Pathology. He got his PhD in Immunology in 1999. He is full professor of Immunology and Director of the Division of Immunology and Immunogenetics at the University of Palermo, Italy. Professor Dieli’s research has covered several aspects of human immunology: delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and cancer immunotherapy. Professor Dieli has been involved in over 150 publications and is author of 2 patents. Professor Dieli awarded the Albanese prize in 1983 and the Lauro Chiazzese prize in 1984. He is honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences since 2001 and honorary member of the Academy of Medical Sciences since 2002. Professor Dieli if founding member of the biopharmaceutical company TetraPh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roberto De Mattei
Roberto de Mattei (born 21 February 1948 in Rome, Italy) is an Italian Roman Catholic historian and author. His studies mainly concern European history between the 16th and 20th centuries, with a focus on the history of religious and political ideas. As traditionalist Catholic, he is known for his anti-evolutionist positions, also publicised in institutional circles, for his critique of relativism and the lines of thought established in the Catholic Church after the Second Vatican Council. Biography De Mattei was formerly a student and assistant to the philosopher of politics Augusto Del Noce and to the historian Armando Saitta at the Faculty of Political Sciences of the Sapienza University of Rome De Mattei has extensively studied European history of the 16th and 20th centuries, with particular focus on the history of religious and political ideas. He describes himself as "above all … a disciple of Professor Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira". Among other academic positions, de Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oscar D'Agostino
Oscar D'Agostino (29 August 1901 – 16 March 1975) was an Italian chemist and one of the so-called ''Via Panisperna boys'', the group of young scientists led by Enrico Fermi: all of them were physicists, except for D'Agostino, who was a chemist. In 1934 he contributed to Fermi's experiment (that gave Fermi the possibility to win the Nobel Prize in 1938) to showing the properties of slow neutrons. That led the way to the discovery of nuclear fission, and later on to the construction of the first atomic bomb. Bibliography * O. D'Agostino: ''Il chimico dei fantasmi''. Mephite, 2002 See also *Radioactive decay *Nuclear chain reaction *Slow neutron *Via Panisperna boys *Enrico Fermi Enrico Fermi (; 29 September 1901 – 28 November 1954) was an Italian (later naturalized American) physicist and the creator of the world's first nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1. He has been called the "architect of the nuclear age" and ... External links Enrico Fermi and the Via Panis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauro Cristofani
Mauro Cristofani (1941 in Rome, Italy – 1997) was a linguist and researcher in Etruscan studies. Biography Cristofani was a student of Massimo Pallottino and would himself teach at the University of Pisa, University of Siena and, his final post, at the University of Naples Federico II. He was a member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei and was held in high regard as Pallottino's scholarly heir. During his thirty-year career he dominated the fields of Etruscan archaeology and, especially, epigraphy. He directed the Istituto per l'Archeologia Etrusco-Italica of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and was president of the Istituto Nazionale di Studi Etruschi ed Italici in Florence. His fieldwork included investigations at Volterra, Populonia, and Cerveteri. In Italy the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche established the “Centro per l'archeologia etrusco-italica” in 1978, under the direction of Massimo Pallottino. In 1982, Cristofani (a student of Pallottino) became the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosaria Conte
Rosaria Conte (14 April 1954 in Rome – 5 July 2016 in Rome) was an Italian social scientist. She was the head of the Laboratory of Agent Based Social Simulation at the ISTC- CNR in Rome, which hosts an interdisciplinary research group working at the intersection among cognitive, social and computational sciences. She was President of European Social Simulation Association and AISC (Italian Cognitive Science Association). Rosaria Conte published more than 130 works among volumes, papers in scientific journals, conference proceedings and book chapters. Her scientific activity aims at explaining social behaviour among intelligent autonomous systems, and modeling the dynamics of norms and norm-enforcement mechanisms (including reputation and gossip). Her research was characterized by a highly interdisciplinary approach, at the intersection among cognitive, social and computational sciences. In her name, the European Social Simulation Association assigns every other year the Outstanding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angioletta Coradini
Angioletta Coradini (1 July 1946 – 4 September 2011) was an Italian astrophysicist and planetary scientist. Biography In 1970 she completed a master's degree in physics at the University of Rome, the city where she would do her research over her entire career—at first at the university, then from 1975 at the National Research Council of Italy (CNR), and finally at the National Astrophysics Institute of Italy (INAF). Participation in international scientific projects * Co-investigator for NASA lunar and planetary research (1970–74); * Member of the Science Team for the CIRS and VIMS instruments, and PI of the VIMS visible channel, Cassini-Huygens mission (1991–2011) * Coordinator of the Moon Orbiting Observatory (MORO) proposal and member of the MORO science team (1993–96); * Member of the Observing Time Allocation Committee (OTAC) for the ESA Infrared Observatory (ISO) mission (1994–96); * Member of the European Southern Observatory (ESO) observing Program Committ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustavo Colonnetti
Gustavo Colonnetti (8 November 1886 – 20 March 1968) was an Italian mathematician and engineer who made important contributions to continuum mechanics and strength of materials. He was a Rector of the Politecnico di Torino and President of CNR (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche). His theories found important applications in modern techniques of construction, such as pre-stressed concrete. He is remembered for Colonnetti's theorem (or Colonnetti's minimum principle) which states that in equilibrium the potential energy function is minimized. Life Honors He was nominated member of the Pontificial Academy of Sciences on October 28, 1936. In 1947, during the first meeting of the RILEM in Sorrento, he was elected first president of the society, and began its mandate in 1948. The same year, on the 27th of August 1947, he was elected corresponding member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei: nearly a year later, on the 15th of July 1948, he was elected full member.According to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
