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National Readership Survey
The National Readership Survey was a joint venture company in the UK between the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising (IPA), the Newspaper Publishers Association (NPA) and the Periodical Publishers Association (PPA). It provided audience research for print advertising trading in the UK. The survey covered over 250 of Britain's major newspapers and magazines, showing the size and nature of the audiences they reached. It classified audiences in a number of ways, one of which was the NRS social grade. History The National Readership Survey was founded in 1956 by the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising The Institute of Practitioners in Advertising (IPA), incorporated by a Royal Charter, is the trade body and professional institute for agencies and individuals working in the UK's advertising, media and marketing communications industry. History F ..., and shortly after become a joint industry survey body, with stakeholders from throughout the publishing industry having r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Northern Ireland shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. The total area of the United Kingdom is , with an estimated 2020 population of more than 67 million people. The United Kingdom has evolved from a series of annexations, unions and separations of constituent countries over several hundred years. The Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of England (which included Wales, annexed in 1542) and the Kingdom of Scotland in 170 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute Of Practitioners In Advertising
The Institute of Practitioners in Advertising (IPA), incorporated by a Royal Charter, is the trade body and professional institute for agencies and individuals working in the UK's advertising, media and marketing communications industry. History Founded in 1917 as the Association of British Advertising Agents, it was succeeded in 1927 by the Institute of Incorporated Practitioners in Advertising to secure further professional status and recognition for its members. In 1954, it changed to its current name, the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising, so that individuals as well as corporate bodies could be members. The IPA was awarded a Royal Charter in December 2015. This came into effect officially when it was sealed on 13 April 2016. The Charter is displayed at the IPA's London office. As of September 2021, the IPA had 268 agency members. Role IPA members account for over 85 per cent of the media spend in the UK. It covers all aspects of the agency business: creative, digital m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newspaper Publishers Association
The News Media Association is a trade body which styles itself as "the voice of national, regional and local news media organisations in the UK". It was created in 2014 by a merger between the Newspaper Society and the Newspaper Publishers' Association. The Newspaper Society, which represented local papers in the United Kingdom, was founded in 1836 and the Newspaper Publishers' Association, which represented national publishers, in 1904. The two organisations had been sharing offices since 2006. The NMA promotes the interests of news media publishers to government, regulatory authorities, industry bodies and other organisations whose work affects the industry. Members include The Sun, The Guardian, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, Yorkshire Post, Kent Messenger, Monmouthshire Beacon and the Manchester Evening News The ''Manchester Evening News'' (''MEN'') is a regional daily newspaper covering Greater Manchester in North West England, founded in 1868. It is published Monday–Saturda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Periodical Publishers Association
The Professional Publishers Association (PPA), formerly known as the Periodical Publishers Association until 2011, is the main publishing industry body which promotes companies involved in the production of media, supporting the creative economy at governmental level in the United Kingdom. History The organisation was first founded in 1913 as the Society of Weekly Newspapers and Periodical Proprieters to discuss matters around unionisation, distribution and material supplies in the early 20th Century. It celebrated its centenary on November 19, 2013. Operations Much of the PPA's work is carried out through events, committees and public relations work as documented in their extensive archive of organisational documents dating back to 1942. The association now also covers digital media and a specific committee for smaller, independent publishers, the PPA Independent Publishers Network (IPN). The current CEO of the PPA is Owen Meredith, appointed in 2020 after Barry McIlheney stepped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joint Venture
A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to access a new market, particularly Emerging market; to gain scale efficiencies by combining assets and operations; to share risk for major investments or projects; or to access skills and capabilities. According to Gerard Baynham of Water Street Partners, there has been much negative press about joint ventures, but objective data indicate that they may actually outperform wholly owned and controlled affiliates. He writes, "A different narrative emerged from our recent analysis of U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) data, collected from more than 20,000 entities. According to the DOC data, foreign joint ventures of U.S. companies realized a 5.5 percent average return on assets (ROA), while those companies’ wholly owned and controlled affiliates ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
News Media Association
The News Media Association is a trade body which styles itself as "the voice of national, regional and local news media organisations in the UK". It was created in 2014 by a merger between the Newspaper Society and the Newspaper Publishers' Association. The Newspaper Society, which represented local papers in the United Kingdom, was founded in 1836 and the Newspaper Publishers' Association, which represented national publishers, in 1904. The two organisations had been sharing offices since 2006. The NMA promotes the interests of news media publishers to government, regulatory authorities, industry bodies and other organisations whose work affects the industry. Members include The Sun, The Guardian, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, Yorkshire Post, Kent Messenger, Monmouthshire Beacon and the Manchester Evening News The ''Manchester Evening News'' (''MEN'') is a regional daily newspaper covering Greater Manchester in North West England, founded in 1868. It is published Monday–Saturda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Professional Publishers Association
The Professional Publishers Association (PPA), formerly known as the Periodical Publishers Association until 2011, is the main publishing industry body which promotes companies involved in the production of media, supporting the creative economy at governmental level in the United Kingdom. History The organisation was first founded in 1913 as the Society of Weekly Newspapers and Periodical Proprieters to discuss matters around unionisation, distribution and material supplies in the early 20th Century. It celebrated its centenary on November 19, 2013. Operations Much of the PPA's work is carried out through events, committees and public relations work as documented in their extensive archive of organisational documents dating back to 1942. The association now also covers digital media and a specific committee for smaller, independent publishers, the PPA Independent Publishers Network (IPN). The current CEO of the PPA is Owen Meredith, appointed in 2020 after Barry McIlheney stepped ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NRS Social Grade
The NRS social grades are a system of demographic classification used in the United Kingdom. They were originally developed by the National Readership Survey (NRS) to classify readers, but are now used by many other organisations for wider applications and have become a standard for market research. Wilmshurst, J. & MacKay, A., ''The Fundamentals of Advertising'', (1999) They were developed in the late 1950s and refined in following years and achieved widespread usage in 20th century Britain. Their definition is now maintained by the Market Research Society.Occupation groupings: a job dictionaryMarket Research Society, London, 2006. The distinguishing feature of the NRS social grade is that it is based on occupation, rather than wealth or property ownership. Grades The classifications are based on the occupation of the head of the household. The grades are often grouped into ABC1 and C2DE; these are taken to equate to middle class and working class, respectively. Only around ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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