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Nassakh
Khan Bahadur Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdul Ghafūr (1833-1889), better known by his pen name Nassakh ( ur, نساخ), was a British Indian officer, writer, literary critic and collector. He is best known for his magnum opus ''Sukhan-e-Shuara'' ( ur, سخن شعرا Speech of Poets) which was a biography of prominent Urdu and Persian poets. He organised mushaira in places where he worked; inspiring young Urdu poets in Bengal. Life Abdul Ghafur was born in 1833 into a Bengali Muslim household, best known as the Qadi family of Rajapur in Greater Faridpur. His father, Qazi Faqir Muhammad, was a lawyer at the Calcutta civil court and a Persian author best known for his ''Jāmiʿ al-tawārīkh'' ( ''Compendium of Chronicles''), a history book published in 1836. Reformer Nawab Abdul Latif was his elder brother and Nassakh's two other brothers were Abdul Hamid and Abdul Bari Sayd who were also poets. Abdul Ghafur joined as deputy magistrate in the British Indian government. He served a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nawab Abdul Latif
Nawab Bahadur Abdul Latif (1828 – 10 July 1893) was a 19th-century Bengali aristocrat, educator and social worker. His title, ''Nawab'' was awarded by the British in 1880. He was one of the first Muslims in 19th-century India to embrace the idea of modernisation. Early life Latif was born in 1828 at Rajapur village, Faridpur District, Bengal Presidency in the then British India (now in Bangladesh). His father Faqir Mahmud (1774–1844) was a lawyer in the civil court of Kolkata. Latif had a brother, Khan Bahadur Abdul Ghafur Nassakh (1833–1889), a civil servant and a poet. He obtained the highest degree in Arabic, French and English language from Calcutta Madrassah (now the Aliah University). Career Latif started his career as a teacher of Dhaka Collegiate School in 1846. By 1847, while still in his teens, he was appointed by the government as assistant to one of the Ameers of Sindh. He worked in this capacity for about a year. In 1847, an Anglo-Arabic class in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zaigham
Hafiz Ikram Ahmad ( ur, ), or simply known by his pen name Zaigham ( ur, ), was a 19th-century teacher and alchemist based in Bengal. He became prominent due to his talent in Urdu and Persian language poetry, specialising in ghazal and marsiya in Rekhta. Early life and education It is considered that Ikram was born in Rampur, Agra Presidency, while others suggest he was born in Delhi but from Rampur. His name is often preceded with the title of Hafiz, a term used by Muslims for people who have completely memorised the Qur'an. Ludwig W. Adamec (2009), ''Historical Dictionary of Islam'', pp.113-114. Scarecrow Press. . Career Zaigham migrated to Bengal at some point in his life where he gained popularity. A notable piece of poetry of his include a fifty-verse long Persian qasida. Ikram was celebrated for his metre capability. Nassakh, a contemporary Urdu poet of Bengal, praised his teacher, Ikram, on this; stating that a single ghazal The ''ghazal'' ( ar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khan Bahadur
Khan Bahadur – a compound of khan ('leader') and bahadur ('brave') – was a formal title of respect and honor, which was conferred exclusively on Muslim and other non-Hindu natives of British India. It was one degree higher than the title of Khan Sahib. The title was conferred on individuals for faithful service or acts of public welfare to the Empire. Recipients were entitled to prefix the title to their name and were presented with a special Title Badge and a citation (or ''sanad''). It was conferred on behalf of the Government of British India by the Viceroy and Governor-General of India. The title was dis-established in 1947 upon the independence of India. The title "Khan Bahadur" was originally conferred in Mughal India on Muslim subjects in recognition of public services rendered and was adopted by British India for the same purpose and extended to cover other non-Hindu subjects of India. Hindu subjects of British India were conferred the title of "Rai Bahadur". Rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Backergunge
Backergunge, Backergunje, Bakarganj, or Bakerganj was a former district of British India. It was the southernmost district of the Dacca Division. The district was located in the swampy lowlands of the vast delta of the Ganges and the Brahmaputra rivers. Backergunge District was established in 1760 under the Bengal Presidency. In 1947 the district became part of East Pakistan. The area of the former Backergunge district is now covered by the Barisal Division of Bangladesh. The current administrative division also contains a Barisal District and a Bakerganj Upazila. History In 1582, under Rājā Todar Mal, the region was included in the '' sarkar'' of Bākla, but subsequent Mahammadan rulers placed it in the province of Dacca (Dakha). In the 17th century, Shāh Shujāh, the brother of Aurangzeb, had built a fort at Shujābād, five miles southwest of Barisāl. Early in the 18th century Aghā Bāqar came to possess lands in the region and established a marketplace ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1889 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 ** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada. ** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the Dakotas. * January 4 – An Act to Regulate Appointments in the Marine Hospital Service of the United States is signed by President Grover Cleveland. It establishes a Commissioned Corps of officers, as a predecessor to the modern-day U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. * January 5 – Preston North End F.C. is declared the winner of the The Football League 1888–89, inaugural Football League in England. * January 8 – Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine in the United States. * January 15 – The Coca-Cola Company is originally Incorporation (business), incorporated as the Pemberton Medicine Company in Atlanta, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. * January 22 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1833 Births
Events January–March * January 3 – Reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic. * February 6 – His Royal Highness Prince Otto Friedrich Ludwig of Bavaria assumes the title His Majesty Othon the First, by the Grace of God, King of Greece, Prince of Bavaria. * February 16 – The United States Supreme Court hands down its landmark decision of Barron v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore. * March 4 – Andrew Jackson is sworn in for his second term as President of the United States. April–June * April 1 – General Antonio López de Santa Anna is elected President of Mexico by the legislatures of 16 of the 18 Mexican states. During his frequent absences from office to fight on the battlefield, Santa Anna turns the duties of government over to his vice president, Valentín Gómez Farías. * April 18 – Over 300 delegates from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland travel to the office of the Prime Minister, the Earl Grey, to cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mirza Salaamat Ali Dabeer
Mirza Salaamat Ali Dabeer ( ur, ), (29 August 1803 – 6 March 1875) was an Urdu poet who excelled and perfected the art of Marsiya writing. He is considered the leading exponent of Marsiya Nigari or marsiya writing along with Mir Anees. Mirza Dabeer was born in 1803 in Delhi. He started reciting marsiya since childhood during muharram ceremonial gatherings called majalis (singular-majlis). He started writing poetry under the tutelage of Mir Muzaffar Husain Zameer. Dabeer himself was an erudite scholar of his time. He migrated from Delhi to Lucknow, where he found suitable environment to develop and demonstrate his skills in marsiya writing. According to Maulana Muhammad Husain Azad in Aab-e-Hayat quoting Tazkira-e-Sarapa Sukhan, there is confusion regarding his father's name because of two different names mentioned in Tazkira-as-Ghulam Husain /Mirza Agha Jan Kaghazfarosh. Mirza Dabeer died in Lucknow in 1875 and is buried there. Works According to Muhammad Husain Azad in Aa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir Anees
Mir Babar Ali Anees ( ur, مير ببر على انيس) (1800–1874), also known as Mir Anees was an Indian Urdu poet. He used his pen-name (takhallus) of Anees (Urdu: , ''Anees'' means "close friend, companion") in poetry. Anees used Persian, Urdu, Arabic, and Sanskrit words in his poetry. Anis wrote prolonged Marsias, which was a custom of his times, but nowadays only selected sections are narrated even in religious ceremonies. He died in 1291 Hijra, corresponding with 1874 CE. Family Mir Babar Ali Anis was born in 1803 CE at Faizabad. In his book ''Khandaan- e-Mir Anees ke Naamwar Sho’ara'' (Famous Poets from the family of Mir Anis), Zameer Naqvi lists 22 poets from Mir Anis’ family and their poetry. A researcher in Urdu Literature, Syed Taqi Abedi, has shown that Mir Anis's family has written poetic literature for three centuries, first in Persian and later in Urdu. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marsiya
A marsiya ( fa, مرثیه) is an elegiac poem written to commemorate the martyrdom and valour of Hussain ibn Ali and his comrades of the Karbala. Marsiyas are essentially religious. Background The word ''Marsiya'' is derived from the Arabic word ''marthiyya'' (root R-TH-Y), meaning a great tragedy or lamentation for a departed soul. Marsiya is a poem written to commemorate the martyrdom of Ahl al-Bayt, Imam Hussain and Battle of Karbala. It is usually a poem of mourning. Marsiyas in Urdu first appeared in the sixteenth century in the Deccan kingdoms of India. They were written either in the two-line unit form, ''qasida'', or the four-line unit form, ''murabba''. Over time, the ''musaddas'' became the most suitable form for a marsiya. In this form, the first four lines of each stanza referred to as the ''band'' have one rhyme scheme while the remaining two line referred to as the ''tip'' have another. This form found a specially congenial soil in Lucknow, an important Shia Muslim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attar Of Nishapur
Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221; fa, ابو حامد بن ابوبکر ابراهیم), better known by his pen-names Farīd ud-Dīn () and ʿAṭṭār of Nishapur (, Attar means apothecary), was a PersianRitter, H. (1986), “Attar”, Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Ed., vol. 1: 751-755. Excerpt: "ATTAR, FARID AL-DIN MUHAMMAD B. IBRAHIM.Persian mystical poet.Farīd al-Dīn ʿAṭṭār, in Encyclopædia Britannica, online edition - accessed December 2012./ref> poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer from Nishapur who had an immense and lasting influence on Persian poetry and Sufism. He wrote a collection of lyrical poems and number of long poems in the philosophical tradition of Islamic mysticism, as well as a prose work with biographies and sayings of famous Muslim mystics. Manṭiq-uṭ-Ṭayr (''The Conference of the Birds)'' and ''Ilāhī-Nāma'' (''The Book of Divine)'' and Memorial of the Saints are among his best known works. Biography ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian (), also known by its endonym Farsi (, ', ), is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutually intelligible standard varieties, namely Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964) and Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate history in the cultural sphere of Greater Iran. It is written officially within Iran and Afghanistan in the Persian alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script, and within Tajikistan in the Tajik alphabet, a der ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghalib
Mirza Beg Asadullah Khan (Urdu, fa, مرزا بیگ اسد اللہ خان; 27 December 1797 – 15 February 1869) also known as Mirza Ghalib (Urdu, fa}) was an Urdu and Persian language, Persian shayar (poet), poet of the 19th century Mughal Empire, Mughal and British Raj, British era in the Indian Subcontinent. He was popularly known by the pen name, pen names Ghalib (غالب) and Asad (اسد). His honorific was ''Dabir-ul-Mulk, Najm-ud-Daula''. He is one of the most popular poets in Pakistan and India. During his lifetime, the already declining Mughal Empire was eclipsed and displaced by the British East India Company Rule and finally deposed following the defeat of the Indian Rebellion of 1857; these are described through his work. He wrote in both Urdu and Persian language, Persian. Although his Persian Diwan (poetry), Divan (body of work) is at least five times longer than his Urdu Divan, his fame rests on his poetry in Urdu. Today, Ghalib remains one of the most popul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
