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Narva Offensive (1–4 March 1944)
The Narva offensive (1–4 March 1944) (Estonian: ''Putki lahing'') was an operation conducted by the Soviet Leningrad Front. It was aimed at the conquest of the Narva Isthmus from the German army detachment "Narwa". At the time of the operation, Joseph Stalin, the supreme commander of the Soviet Armed Forces, was personally interested in taking Estonia, viewing it as a precondition to forcing Finland out of the war. The Soviet 59th Army attacked westwards from the Krivasoo bridgehead south of the city of Narva and encircled the strong-points of the 214th Infantry Division and the Estonian 658th and 659th East Battalions. The resistance of the encircled units gave time for the command of the "Narwa" to move in all available forces and stop the Soviet advance. To the north of Narva, the fresh SS 45th and 46th ( 1st and 2nd Estonian) Volunteer Grenadier Regiments accompanied by units of the 11th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division "Nordland" counter-attacked and reduced the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front of World War II was a Theater (warfare), theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Polish Armed Forces in the East, Poland and other Allies of World War II, Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltic states, Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. It was known as the Great Patriotic War (term), Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union – and still is in some of its successor states, while almost everywhere else it has been called the ''Eastern Front''. In present-day German and Ukrainian historiography the name German-Soviet War is typically used. The battles on the Eastern Front of the Second World War constituted the largest military confrontation in history. They were characterised by unprecedented ferocity and brutality, wholesale destruction, mass deportations, and immense loss of life due to combat, starvation, expos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jõhvi
Jõhvi is a town in northeastern Estonia, and the administrative centre of the Ida-Viru County. The town is also an administrative centre of Jõhvi Parish. It is situated about 50 km west of the Estonia–Russia international border. History Jõhvi was first mentioned as a village in 1241 in Liber Census Daniae when it was ruled by Denmark. Historical names of Jõhvi were ''Gewi'' and ''Jewe''. In the 13th century a church was built there and Jõhvi became the centre of the local church parish. On 1 May 1938, the government of Estonia upgraded the official status of Jõhvi from "borough" to that of an independent "town". During the period of Soviet occupation (1944–1991), Jõhvi was administratively not a town, but a district of the city of Kohtla-Järve. In 2005, the town of Jõhvi was united with the parish of Jõhvi. During the period of the Soviet occupation, large numbers of immigrant workers from Russia and other parts of the former USSR were brought in to po ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
502nd Heavy Tank Battalion (Germany)
The 502nd Heavy Panzer Battalion (german: "schwere Panzerabteilung 502") was a German heavy tank battalion during World War II. The battalion was the first unit to receive and field the Tiger I. It fought on the Eastern front. It was one of the most successful German heavy tank battalions, claiming the destruction of 1,400 tanks and 2,000 guns. Otto Carius, one of the best German tank aces, was a member. Formation The 502nd Heavy Panzer Battalion was formed on 25 May 1942 at Bamberg from the 35th Panzer Training Battalion (german: Panzer-Ersatz-Abteilung 35). On 23 July Hitler ordered that the first Tiger I tanks be sent to the Leningrad Front. The 502nd became the first unit to receive Tiger IsDoyle and Jentz. ''Tiger I Heavy Tank'', p. 21 when on 19 and 20 August 1942 four Tiger Is were sent to the unit, which only partially equipped one company (German regulations called for a heavy tank battalion of three companies, with 45 tanks in total). On 29 August 1942 the 502nd arri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Police
The Estonian Police ( et, Eesti Politsei) was the law enforcement agency of Estonia. It was subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior. In 2010, the organization was superseded by the Police and Border Guard Board. History Formation and disbandment (1918–1940) The Estonian Police was established on 12 November 1918, when police stations were taken over from the German occupation forces by the Chief of Militsiya - Aleksander Hellat. Between 1918-1919, the police was called militsiya, it was subordinate to the local self-government and acted according to the Russian Provisional Government law. During the Estonian War of Independence the police was tasked with curtailing crime, helping the military and conducting joint operations with the Estonian Defence League. On 1 January 1919, the self-government based police became a national agency, subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior and led by the Police Directorate ( et, Politsei Peavalitsus). The Police Directorate was c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Estonian Regiment "Reval"
Estonian Regiment "Reval" (Estonian: ''Eesti Piirikaitserügement Tallinn'') was formed in the early spring of 1944. The regiment comprised only Estonians, and had three battalions. The regiment was led by Major Rubach, helped by Lt. Noorkukk. The regiment's first name was supposed to be ''Narwa'', but that name was already used by another Estonian battalion. The regiment's first battalion mostly comprised Viljandi County men led by Captain Arnold Purre. The second battalion was made up by Pärnu County men led by Captain Mats Möldre. The third battalion was made up of Tallinn and Tartu County men led by Lt. Parts. The regiment was sent to the Narva front on February 13, 1944. The regiment was sent without adequate training or equipment (particularly machine guns) and suffered heavy losses, as there were many casualties to Soviet artillery and aircraft. See also * 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian) *Estonian Legion The Estonian Legion ( et, Eesti L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfons Luczny
__NOTOC__ Alfons Luczny (4 June 1894 – 12 August 1985) was a German general in the Luftwaffe during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Luczny surrendered to the American troops in May 1945, he was handed over to Soviet forces. Convicted as a war criminal in the Soviet Union, he was held until October 1955. Awards and decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 9 June 1944 as ''Generalleutnant is the Germanic variant of lieutenant general, used in some German speaking countries. Austria Generalleutnant is the second highest general officer rank in the Austrian Armed Forces (''Bundesheer''), roughly equivalent to the NATO rank of ...'' and commander of 2. Flak-Division (mot.)Fellgiebel 2000, p. 243. References Citations Bibliography * {{DEFAULTSORT:Luczny, Alfons 1894 births 1985 deaths People from Kietrz People from the Province of Silesia German Army personnel of World War I Luftwaffe W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Felix Steiner
Felix Martin Julius Steiner (23 May 1896 – 12 May 1966) was a German SS commander during the Nazi era. During World War II, he served in the Waffen-SS, the combat branch of the SS, and commanded several SS divisions and corps. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords. Together with Paul Hausser, he contributed significantly to the development and transformation of the Waffen-SS into a combat force made up of volunteers and conscripts from both occupied and un-occupied lands. Steiner was chosen by Heinrich Himmler to oversee the creation of and then command the SS Division Wiking. In 1943, he was promoted to the command of the III SS Panzer Corps. On 28 January 1945, Steiner was placed in command of the 11th SS Panzer Army, which formed part of a new Army Group Vistula, an ad-hoc formation to defend Berlin from the Soviet armies advancing from the Vistula River. On 21 April 1945, during the Battle for Berlin, Steiner was placed in comman ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
III SS (Germanic) Panzer Corps
The III (Germanic) SS Panzer Corps (''III. (germanisches) SS-Panzerkorps'') was a German Waffen-SS armoured corps which saw action on the Eastern Front during World War II. The ''(germanische)'' (lit. Germanic) part of its designation was granted as it was composed primarily of foreign volunteer formations. History The corps was formed in April, 1943 as a headquarters for the SS Division Wiking and SS Division Nordland. The corps was placed under the control of former Wiking commander SS-Obergruppenführer Felix Steiner. After training, the corps took part in operations against Yugoslav partisans. The corps was then sent to a quiet sector in Army Group North, now made up of the Nordland Division and the 4th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Brigade Netherlands. By this stage, Wiking had been sent south and came under the control of Army Group South's Eighth Army. Forced back by the 1944 Soviet winter offensive, the corps participated in the Battle for the Narva Bridgehead in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Von Oven
Karl von Oven (29 November 1888 – 20 January 1974) was a German general during World War II who commanded several corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Awards and decorations * Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 9 January 1942 as ''Generalleutnant is the Germanic variant of lieutenant general, used in some German speaking countries. Austria Generalleutnant is the second highest general officer rank in the Austrian Armed Forces (''Bundesheer''), roughly equivalent to the NATO rank of ...'' and commander of 56. Infanterie-Division References Citations Bibliography * {{DEFAULTSORT:Oven, Karl Von 1888 births 1974 deaths German Army generals of World War II Generals of Infantry (Wehrmacht) German Army personnel of World War I German police officers People from Charlottenburg People from the Province of Brandenburg Prussian Army personnel Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st class Recipients ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Of The Infantry (Germany)
General of the Infantry (german: General der Infanterie, abbr. ) is a former rank of the German army (). It is currently an appointment or position given to an OF-8 rank officer, who is responsible for particular affairs of training and equipment of the ''Bundeswehr'' infantry. Former rank in the German ground forces General of the Infantry was a former rank of General of the branch OF-8 in the German land forces ( Imperial Army, ''Reichswehr'' and ''Wehrmacht'') and also in the Prussian Army and the Austro-Hungarian Army. It was the third-highest general officer rank, subordinate only to Colonel General and Field Marshal. It is equivalent to a three-star rank today. The same rank was adopted by the Finnish Army ( fi, Jalkaväenkenraali) between the world wars. German cavalry officers of equivalent rank were called ''General der Kavallerie'' and those in the artillery corps were ''General der Artillerie''. In 1935 the Wehrmacht added the ranks of ''General der Panzert ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narva Area
Narva, russian: Нарва is a municipality and city in Estonia. It is located in Ida-Viru county, at the eastern extreme point of Estonia, on the west bank of the Narva river which forms the Estonia–Russia international border. With 54,409 inhabitants (as of 2020) Narva is Estonia's third largest city after capital Tallinn and Tartu. In 1944, Narva was nearly completely destroyed during the battles of World War II. During the period of Soviet occupation (1944–1991), the city’s original native inhabitants were not permitted to return after the war, and immigrant workers from Russia and other parts of the former USSR were brought in to populate the city. The city whose population had been, as of 1934 census, 65% ethnic Estonian, became overwhelmingly non-Estonian in the second half of the 20th century. According to more recent data, 46.7% of the city's inhabitants are citizens of Estonia, 36.3% are citizens of the Russian Federation, while 15.3% of the population has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
8th Estonian Rifle Corps
The 8th Estonian Rifle Corps (2nd formation) (russian: 8-й Эстонский стрелковый корпус, et, 8. Eesti Laskurkorpus) was a formation in the Red Army, created on 6 November 1942, during World War II. An 8th Rifle Corps (but not made up of Estonian personnel) had been previously formed, taking part in the Soviet invasion of Poland as part of the 5th Army, and, on the outbreak of war on 22 June 1941, this first formation was part of the 26th Army in the Kiev Special Military District, consisting of the 99th, the 173rd, and the 72nd Mountain Rifle Divisions. The first formation of the 8th Rifle Corps was destroyed in the first three months of the German invasion and is not present on the Soviet order of battle after August 1941. The 8th Estonian Rifle Corps was formed of mobilized ethnic Estonians, who were at first brought in Russia (where many of them died because of poor conditions); the battalions created in Estonia and incorporated former personnel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
