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Nahf
Nahf ( ar, نحف, ''Naḥf'' or ''Nahef''; he, נַחְף) is an Arab town in the Northern District of Israel. It is located in between the lower and upper Galilee, about east of Acre. In it had a population of . Archaeologists believe that the area was an important center for viticulture in the Hellenistic period and possibly the Early Bronze Age IB period (ca. 3100 BC). History Remains have been found from Early Bronze IB, EB II, Middle Bronze Age II and Iron Age II,Smithline, 2005Nahf/ref>Cinamon, 2012Nahf/ref> as well as coins from the Ptolemaic dynasty and Antiochus III.Tepper, 2007Nahf (East)/ref> Tombs from the 2nd to the 4th centuries have been found. Nahf contains Persian, Hellenistic and Roman remains. From archaeological finds, it is assumed that blown glass vessels were produced in the village during the Byzantine era. A bath, containing a hypocaust from the same period has also been excavated. Dating from the late Byzantine era, it was in continuous us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majd Al-Krum
Majd al-Krum ( ar, مجد الكروم, he, מַגְ'ד אל-כֻּרוּם ''Majd al-Kurum'') is an Arab town located in the Galilee in Israel's Northern District about 16 kilometers (10 miles) east of Acre. The name of the village translates to "watch-house of the vineyard", reflecting the town's fame for the quality of its grape vines. Its inhabitants are Muslims. In it had a population of . Geography Majd al-Krum is an ancient site in the heart of the Galilee situated in the northwestern end of the Beit HaKerem Valley, called al-Shaghur in Arabic, at the foot of Jabal Mahüz.Dauphin, 1998, p. 662.Yiftachel 1998, p. 53. History Antiquity Ancient remains, including cisterns dug into the rock, have been found in Majd al-Krum. In the center of Majd al-Krum, there is an ancient well, a spring, a Roman-era tomb and ruins dating to the Crusader period. The name Majd al-Krum means "watch-house of the vineyard" in Arabic. The town receives its name for its history of growing grapes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern District (Israel)
The Northern District ( he, מחוז הצפון, ''Mekhoz HaTzafon''; ar, منطقة الشمال, ''Minṭaqat ash-Shamāl'') is one of Israel's six administrative districts. The Northern District has a land area of 4,478 km2, which increases to 4,638 km2 when both land and water are included. The district capital is Nof HaGalil and the largest city is Nazareth. The Golan Heights has been run as a sub-district of the North District of Israel since the 1981 Golan Heights Law was passed, although the claim is only recognized by the United States while United Nations Security Council Resolution 497 condemns the annexation but does not enforce it. The Golan Heights covers a land area of 1,154 km2 and the remainder of the Northern District covers 3,324 km2 (3,484 km2 including water). Demographics According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics data for 2016: * Total population: 1,390,900 (2016) * Ethnic: ** Arabs: 746,600 (53.7%) ** Jews: 599,700 (43 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sajur
Sajur (; ) is a Druze town ( local council) in the Galilee region of northern Israel, with an area of 3,000 dunams (3 km²). It achieved recognition as an independent local council in 1992. In it had a population of . History Excavations in 1951, 1980 and 1993, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority revealed, respectively, a tomb with 13 loculi that dated to the Roman–Byzantine periods, a tomb with eight or nine loculi dating to the end of the second century CE and a small tomb with a single room dating to the first–second centuries CE. A salvage dig in January 2002, prior to building a car park, revealed a bedrock-hewn cave, devoid of finds, which may have been a tomb, and various unremarkable finds, although the presence of many finds at the bottom of the stratigraphic sequence is evidence of Iron Age occupation at Sajur. Sajur is identified with Shazur, an ancient village associated with Simeon Shezuri. In the Crusader era Sajur was known as ''Seisor'' or ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beit Jann
Beit Jann ( ar, بيت جن; he, בֵּיתּ גַ'ן) is a Druze village on Mount Meron in northern Israel. At 940 meters above sea level, Beit Jann is one of the highest inhabited locations in the country. In it had a population of . Etymology Guérin noted that the village was known as ''Beitegene'' or ''Bette-Gen'' during the Middle Ages. He suggested that the village's name during antiquity was he, בֵּית גַּנִּים, lit=, translit=Beth-Jannim, "House of Gardens", since it was surrounded by orchards and vineyards, as evidenced by the ancient terraces nearby. History Beit Jann is an ancient village site at the top of a hill. Old stones have been reused in village homes, and cisterns and tombs carved into rock have also been found. In the Crusader era it was known as ''Beitegen''. In 1249, John Aleman transferred land, including the casalia of Beit Jann, Sajur, Majd al-Krum and Nahf to the Teutonic Knights. According to local legend, Druze families in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Aleman
John Aleman (died after 1264) was the Lord of Caesarea (as John II) in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, exercising this right through his wife, Margaret, from at least 1243 until his death. He was the son of Garnier l'Aleman and Pavie de Gibelet, and the older brother of Hugh Aleman. John was active politically and militarily, although less influential than the previous lords of Caesarea had been.John L. Lamonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 158–59. His maternal grandmother was Stephanie of Milly. The first reference to John as lord of Caesarea comes in the ''Assizes of Jerusalem'' of John of Ibelin. Therein John writes that his cousin, the lord of Caesarea, refused the bailliage (regency) of the kingdom in 1243, and instead the ''Haute Cour'' gave it to Queen Alice of Cyprus. Since his father-in-law, Lord John of Caesarea, was dead, this is probably a reference to Aleman. In April 1249 he and his wife sold six ''casalia'' near A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Council (Israel)
Local councils (Hebrew language, Hebrew: plural: ''Mo'atzot Mekomiot'' / singular: ''Mo'atza Mekomit,'' Arabic: plural: مجالس محليّة ''Majalis Mahaleea /'' singular: مجلس محلّي ''Majlis Mahalee'') are one of the three types of local government found in Israel, the other two being list of cities in Israel, cities and Regional council (Israel), regional councils. There are 124 local councils in Israel. Local councils should not be confused with Local committee (Israel), local committees, which are lower-level administrative entities. History Local council status is determined by passing a minimum threshold, enough to justify operations as independent municipal units, although not large enough to be declared a city. In general this applies to all settlements of over 2,000 people. The Israeli Interior Minister of Israel, Interior Minister has the authority of deciding whether a locality is fit to become a municipal council (a city council (Israel), city). The mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hellenistic
In Classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year. The Ancient Greek word ''Hellas'' (, ''Hellás'') was gradually recognized as the name for Greece, from which the word ''Hellenistic'' was derived. "Hellenistic" is distinguished from "Hellenic" in that the latter refers to Greece itself, while the former encompasses all ancient territories under Greek influence, in particular the East after the conquests of Alexander the Great. After the Macedonian invasion of the Achaemenid Empire in 330 BC and its disintegration shortly after, the Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia ( Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa ( Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia ( Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) // CITED: p. 36 (PDF p. 38/338) also known as the Turkish Empire, was an empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and Northern Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries. It was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt (modern-day Bilecik Province) by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe and, with the conquest of the Balkans, the Ottoman beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed the Conqueror. Under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire marked the peak of its power and prosperity, as well a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
The Mamluk Sultanate ( ar, سلطنة المماليك, translit=Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz (western Arabia) from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (manumitted slave soldiers) headed by the sultan. The Abbasid caliphs were the nominal sovereigns. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic or Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassian or Burji period (1382–1517), called after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras.Levanoni 1995, p. 17. The first rulers of the sultanate hailed from the mamluk regiments of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub (), usurping power from his successor in 1250. The Mamluks under Sultan Qutuz and Baybars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals. Its members have commonly been known as the Teutonic Knights, having a small voluntary and mercenary military membership, serving as a crusading military order for the protection of Christians in the Holy Land and the Baltics during the Middle Ages. Purely religious since 1810, the Teutonic Order still confers limited honorary knighthoods. The Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order, a Protestant chivalric order, is descended from the same medieval military order and also continues to award knighthoods and perform charitable work. Name The name of the Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem is in german: Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus der He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casalia
In the Middle Ages, a ''casalis'' or ''casale'' (Latin and Italian; Old French/Spanish ''casal''), plural ''casalia'' (''casali'', ''casales''), was "a cluster of houses in a rural setting". The word is not classical Latin, but derives from the Latin word '' casa'', meaning "house". The term originated in western Europe and was also employed in the Crusader states. Depending on the situation, the terms ''feudum'', ''villa'' and '' locum suburbanum'' could by synonyms. The word ''casale'' came into use in the eighth century to refer to an isolated rural tenement or demesne. Italy The ''casale'' was the basic village unit in Tuscany from the tenth century on. They were highly discrete and stable units. During the eleventh century, churches (both public and private) proliferated and by the twelfth each ''casale'' seems to have had one, which probably fostered social cohesion and identity. In the eleventh century, the Norman conquest of southern Italy brought disruption to settlement p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crusader States
The Crusader States, also known as Outremer, were four Catholic realms in the Middle East that lasted from 1098 to 1291. These feudal polities were created by the Latin Catholic leaders of the First Crusade through conquest and political intrigue. The four states were the County of Edessa (10981150), the Principality of Antioch (10981287), the County of Tripoli (11021289), and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (10991291). The Kingdom of Jerusalem covered what is now Israel and Palestine, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and adjacent areas. The other northern states covered what are now Syria, south-eastern Turkey, and Lebanon. The description "Crusader states" can be misleading, as from 1130 very few of the Frankish population were crusaders. The term Outremer, used by medieval and modern writers as a synonym, is derived from the French for ''overseas''. In 1098, the armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem passed through Syria. The crusader Baldwin of Boulogne replaced the Greek Orthodox ruler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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