Ngumbarl Language
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Ngumbarl Language
Ngumbarl is an extinct Nyulnyulan language formerly spoken in Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th .... In the early twentieth century Daisy Bates and Billingee recorded a word list of Ngumbarl language material. References Nyulnyulan languages {{ia-lang-stub ...
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by area in Oceania and the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, sixth-largest country. Australia is the oldest, flattest, and driest inhabited continent, with the least fertile soils. It is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, and its size gives it a wide variety of landscapes and climates, with Deserts of Australia, deserts in the centre, tropical Forests of Australia, rainforests in the north-east, and List of mountains in Australia, mountain ranges in the south-east. The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south east Asia approximately Early human migrations#Nearby Oceania, 65,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Period, last i ...
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Ngombal
The Ngombal, also known as the ''Ngumbarl'', are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Australia. Language Adequate documentation of the Ngombal language is lacking, but the evidence suggests it was one of the Nyulnyulan languages, with William B. McGregor speculating that it may have belonged to the western branch. Country In Norman Tindale's estimation, the Ngombal's tribal lands covered some . They were a coastal people with an inland territorial reach of about 30 miles, located between the Djaberadjabera to their north, the Nimanburu to the east, the Yawuru The Yawuru, also spelt Jawuru, are an Indigenous Australian people of the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Language A Japanese linguist, Hosokawa Kōmei (細川弘明), compiled the first basic dictionary of the Yawuru language in 1988, a ... to the southeast and the Djugun to their south. Alternative names * ''Ngormbal.'' * ''Ngombaru.'' * ''Ngumbarl.'' Notes Citations Sources * * * * * ...
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Nyulnyulan Languages
The Nyulnyulan languages are a small family of closely related Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Western Australia. Most languages in this family are extinct, with only three extant languages, all of which are almost extinct. Internal classification The languages form two branches established on the basis of lexical and morphological innovation. * Western or Nyulnyulic: :: Nyulnyul † :: Bardi :: Jawi :: Djabirr-Djabirr † :: Nimanburru † * Eastern or Dyukun: ::Yawuru :: Dyugun † :: Warrwa † ::Nyigina :: Ngumbarl † Vocabulary Capell Capell or Capel is a surname. Notable people with the name include: Capell * Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (1608–1649), English politician * Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex (1631–1683), English statesman * Arthur Capell (1902–1 ... (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Nyulnyulan languages:Capell, Arthur. 1940The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia ''Ocea ...
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Eastern Nyulnyulan Languages
The Nyulnyulan languages are a small family of closely related Australian Aboriginal languages spoken in northern Western Australia. Most languages in this family are extinct, with only three extant languages, all of which are almost extinct. Internal classification The languages form two branches established on the basis of lexical and morphological innovation. * Western or Nyulnyulic: :: Nyulnyul † :: Bardi :: Jawi :: Djabirr-Djabirr † ::Nimanburru † * Eastern or Dyukun: ::Yawuru :: Dyugun † ::Warrwa † ::Nyigina :: Ngumbarl † Vocabulary Capell (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Nyulnyulan languages:Capell, Arthur. 1940The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia ''Oceania'' 10(3): 241-272, 404-433. : Lexical isoglosses Some lexical isogloss An isogloss, also called a heterogloss (see Etymology below), is the geographic boundary of a certain linguistic feature, such as the pronunciation of a vowel, the meaning of a ...
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Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of . It is the second-largest country subdivision in the world, surpassed only by Russia's Sakha Republic. the state has 2.76 million inhabitants  percent of the national total. The vast majority (92 percent) live in the south-west corner; 79 percent of the population lives in the Perth area, leaving the remainder of the state sparsely populated. The first Europeans to visit Western Australia belonged to the Dutch Dirk Hartog expedition, who visited the Western Australian coast in 1616. The first permanent European colony of Western Australia occurred following the ...
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Daisy Bates (author)
Daisy May Bates, CBE (born Margaret Dwyer; 16 October 1859 – 18 April 1951) was an Irish-Australian journalist, welfare worker and self-taught anthropologist who conducted fieldwork amongst several Indigenous nations in western and southern Australia. Bates was a lifelong student of Australian Aboriginal culture and society and was the first anthropologist to carry out a detailed study of Australian Aboriginal culture. Some Aboriginal people referred to Bates by the courtesy name ''Kabbarli'' "grandmother."Glass, A. and D. Hackett, (2003) ''Ngaanyatjarra and Ngaatjatjarra to English Dictionary'', Alice Springs, IAD Press. , p39 Early life Daisy Bates was born Margaret Dwyer in County Tipperary in 1859, when it was under British rule. Her mother, Bridget (née Hunt), died of tuberculosis in 1862 when the girl was three. Her widowed father, James Edward O'Dwyer, married Mary Dillon in 1864 and died ''en route'' to the United States, planning to send for his daughter afte ...
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Billingee
Billingee (also Billinggi or Billing-gi) was an Aboriginal man from Jajjala, near Broome, Western Australia. He was a significant cultural intermediary active during the early twentieth century. During the early twentieth century Billingee worked with Daisy Bates to record materials in the Ngumbarl language. In collaboration with Bates, he also created a book of drawings illustrating cultural practices of the people of the Broome region. This book (which was given to the Governor of Western Australia in 1907) may be the earliest account of an Aboriginal man from the Kimberley region to depict his cultural heritage through the use of 'European' art media.Cynthia Coyne, '"Bye and Bye when all the Natives have gone': Daisy Bates and Billingee", in ''Uncommon Ground: White Women and Aboriginal History,'' ed. Anna Cole, Victoria Haskins and Fiona Paisley (Aboriginal Studies Press, 2005/ref> Cynthia Coyne argues that Billingee would have intended these drawings to be "an assertion of h ...
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