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Nevilleiella Lateritia
''Nevilleiella'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species of crustose lichens that are found in Australia. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 2017 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Jae-Seoun Hur, with ''Nevilleiella marchantii'' assigned as the type species. Both the genus name ''Nevilleiella'', and the botanical name, epithet of the type species, ''marchantii'', honour Western Australian botanist Neville Graeme Marchant, who accompanied the authors during their field work. Description The genus ''Nevilleiella'' consists of crustose lichens, which means they form a crust-like layer over their . These lichens are characterised by almost spherical, -like structures or by discrete, widely spread (small, cracked patches) that do not cover the entire surface. Their colour varies from brownish yellow to brownish orange, and they sometimes have a whitish, powdery c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nevilleiella Lateritia
''Nevilleiella'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has two species of crustose lichens that are found in Australia. Taxonomy The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 2017 by the lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk and Jae-Seoun Hur, with ''Nevilleiella marchantii'' assigned as the type species. Both the genus name ''Nevilleiella'', and the botanical name, epithet of the type species, ''marchantii'', honour Western Australian botanist Neville Graeme Marchant, who accompanied the authors during their field work. Description The genus ''Nevilleiella'' consists of crustose lichens, which means they form a crust-like layer over their . These lichens are characterised by almost spherical, -like structures or by discrete, widely spread (small, cracked patches) that do not cover the entire surface. Their colour varies from brownish yellow to brownish orange, and they sometimes have a whitish, powdery c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 800 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compound are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing. Lichen products accumulate on the outer walls of the fungal hyphae, and are quite stable. Crystal deposits can be visualised using scanning electron microscopy. For this reason, even very old herbarium specimens can be analysed. The amount of lichen products i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teloschistales Genera
The Teloschistales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. According to one 2008 estimate, the order contains 5 families, 66 genera, and 1954 species. The predominant photobiont partners for the Teloschistales are green algae from the genera ''Trebouxia'' and '' Asterochloris''. Families * Brigantiaeaceae * Letrouitiaceae * Megalosporaceae *Teloschistaceae The Teloschistaceae are a large family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The family, estimated to contain over 1800 species, was extensively revised in 2013, including the creati ... References Lichen orders Lecanoromycetes orders Taxa described in 1986 Taxa named by David Leslie Hawksworth {{Teloschistales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teloschistales
The Teloschistales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. According to one 2008 estimate, the order contains 5 families, 66 genera, and 1954 species. The predominant photobiont partners for the Teloschistales are green algae from the genera ''Trebouxia'' and '' Asterochloris''. Families *Brigantiaeaceae *Letrouitiaceae *Megalosporaceae *Teloschistaceae The Teloschistaceae are a large family of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The family, estimated to contain over 1800 species, was extensively revised in 2013, including the creati ... References Lichen orders Lecanoromycetes orders Taxa described in 1986 Taxa named by David Leslie Hawksworth {{Teloschistales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sclerophyll Forest
Sclerophyll is a type of vegetation that is adapted to long periods of dryness and heat. The plants feature hard leaves, short internodes (the distance between leaves along the stem) and leaf orientation which is parallel or oblique to direct sunlight. The word comes from the Greek ''sklēros'' (hard) and ''phyllon'' (leaf). The term was coined by A.F.W. Schimper in 1898 (translated in 1903), originally as a synonym of xeromorph, but the two words were later differentiated. Sclerophyllous plants occur in many parts of the world, but are most typical of areas with low rainfall or seasonal droughts, such as Australia, Africa, and western North and South America. They are prominent throughout Australia, parts of Argentina, the Cerrado biogeographic region of Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil, and in the Mediterranean biomes that cover the Mediterranean Basin, California, Chile, and the Cape Province of South Africa. In the Mediterranean basin, holm oak, cork oak and olives are typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heathland
A heath () is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation. Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths with—especially in Great Britain—a cooler and damper climate. Heaths are widespread worldwide but are fast disappearing and considered a rare habitat in Europe. They form extensive and highly diverse communities across Australia in humid and sub-humid areas where fire regimes with recurring burning are required for the maintenance of the heathlands.Specht, R.L. 'Heathlands' in 'Australian Vegetation' R.H. Groves ed. Cambridge University Press 1988 Even more diverse though less widespread heath communities occur in Southern Africa. Extensive heath communities can also be found in the Texas chaparral, New Caledonia, central Chile, and along the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. In addition to these extensive heath areas, the vegetation type is also found in scattered locations acro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siliceous Rock
Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert; other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or some types of sponges Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through .... References Sedimentary rocks {{Petrology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber, usually to a height of no more than . The term is widely used for trees with this growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names. Etymology The word is thought to originate from the word ''mali'', meaning water, in the Wemba Wemba language, an Aboriginal Australian language of southern New South Wales and Victoria. The word is also used in the closely related Woiwurrung language and other Aboriginal languages of Victoria, South Australia, and southern New South Wales. Overview The term ''mallee'' is used describe various species of trees or woody plants, mainly of the genus ''Euc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clay
Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4). Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay particles, but become hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying or firing. Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities, such as a reddish or brownish colour from small amounts of iron oxide. Clay is the oldest known ceramic material. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. Some of the earliest pottery shards have been dated to around 14,000 BC, and clay tablets were the first known writing medium. Clay is used in many modern industrial processes, such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtering. Between one-half and two-thirds of the world's population live or work in buildings made with clay, often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic groups are typically characterised by shared derived characteristics ( synapomorphies), which distinguish organisms in the clade from other organisms. An equivalent term is holophyly. The word "mono-phyly" means "one-tribe" in Greek. Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A ''paraphyletic group'' consists of all of the descendants of a common ancestor minus one or more monophyletic groups. A '' polyphyletic group'' is characterized by convergent features or habits of scientific interest (for example, night-active primates, fruit trees, aquatic insects). The features by which a polyphyletic group is differentiated from others are not inherited from a common ancestor. These definitions have tak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iqbalia
''Iqbalia'' is a single-species fungal genus in the family Teloschistaceae. It contains ''Iqbalia kashmirensis'', a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen found in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. Taxonomy ''Iqbalia'' was circumscribed in 2022 by Iram Fayyaz, Najam Ul Sehar Afshan, and Sergey Kondratyuk. The genus name honours the Pakistani mycologist S.H. Iqbal, professor at the University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan, "in recognition of his contributions to lichen flora of Pakistan". The species epithet ''kashmirensis'' refers to the type locality. ''Iqbalia'' is in the subfamily Teloschistoideae. On the phylogenetic tree of the family Teloschistaceae, it appears on a monophyletic branch between the genera '' Stellarangia'' and ''Kaernefia''. Description The genus ''Iqbalia shares'' similarities with the Australian genus ''Nevilleiella'', particularly in terms of their thallus (the main body of the lichen) colouration, which ranges from brownish-yellow to orange. Both gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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