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Navigation And Commerce Issue
The Navigation and Commerce issue is a series of key type stamps issued for the colonial territories of France. It was designed by Louis-Eugène Mouchon. The issue uses a standard design featuring allegorical representations of navigation and commerce. The territory name is imprinted in a rectangular cartouche centered at the bottom of the stamp. In French colonies, it is the first series of territory-specific postal releases. Adding the territory name helped reduce revenue loss incurred when stamps were purchased in colonies with low-value currencies, then sold or used in colonies with high-valued currencies. It was first released in 1892, with later releases featuring new color schemes. Dates vary by territory, but by 1900 values start appearing surcharged in red or black ink to use the remaining stocks while colonies then used illustrated stamps. List of French territories that used Navigation and Commerce stamps File:Stamp Anjouan 1892 1c.jpg, Anjouan File:Stamp Beni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1892 Ivory Coast Stamp 4c
Year 189 ( CLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Silanus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 942 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 189 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Plague (possibly smallpox) kills as many as 2,000 people per day in Rome. Farmers are unable to harvest their crops, and food shortages bring riots in the city. China * Liu Bian succeeds Emperor Ling, as Chinese emperor of the Han Dynasty. * Dong Zhuo has Liu Bian deposed, and installs Emperor Xian as emperor. * Two thousand eunuchs in the palace are slaughtered in a violent purge in Luoyang, the capital of Han. By topic Arts and sciences * Galen publishes his ''"Treatise on the various temperaments"'' (aka ''O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Gabon
Gabon is a country in west central Africa sharing borders with the Gulf of Guinea to the west, Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, and Cameroon to the north, with the Republic of the Congo curving around the east and south. Its size is almost 270,000 km² with an estimated population of 1,500,000. The capital and largest city is Libreville. First posts The earliest post office was set up at Libreville in 1862; mail from there was routed through the British post office on Bioko, Fernando Po (now Bioko). Mail used the stamps of the Postage stamps of the French Colonies, French Colonies general issue, cancelled with a "GAB" inside a lozenge of dots. First stamps On 31 July 1886 Gabon issued its first stamps, which were Overprint, surcharges on the existing stock, to cover shortages of the most-used values. The overprint consisted of "GAB" in dots, plus the new value. Additional surcharges in 1888 were just the numeral, while in 1889 the postage due stamps were overprinted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Saint Pierre And Miquelon
A survey of the postage stamps and postal history of St. Pierre and Miquelon concerns Saint Pierre and Miquelon, a group of French islands off the coast of Newfoundland that have issued stamps since 1885. 19th century A handstamp is known used from the head post office in Saint-Pierre in 1853. The general colonial issues of France were used from 1859. In 1885 St. Pierre and Miquelon began overprinting stamps of the French Colonies initially with S P M and with ST PIERRE M-on from 1891 to 1892. 20th century From 1909 it issued its own stamps with the islands' name printed in French, either St. Pierre & Miquelon or Saint Pierre et Miquelon. On July 1, 1976, the islands became an official overseas department of France and the islands used the stamps of France from April 1, 1978, until February 3, 1986, when it once again resumed publishing separate issues. References External links Post office of St Pierre et MiquelonSt Pierre et Miquelon mailSt Pierre et Miquelon philatelic bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Senegambia And Niger
Senegambia and Niger was a short-lived administrative unit of the French possessions in Africa, formed in 1902 and reorganized in 1904 into Upper Senegal and Niger. Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. ''The Stamp Atlas''. London: Macdonald, 1986, pp.317-8. Despite its brief existence, the French government-issued postage stamps for the administrative unit, in the form of a version of its Navigation and Commerce series, inscribed "SENEGAMBIE / ET NIGER". The set consisted of 13 values, from 1 centime to 1 franc The franc is any of various units of currency. One franc is typically divided into 100 centimes. The name is said to derive from the Latin inscription ''francorum rex'' (King of the Franks) used on early French coins and until the 18th centu .... See also * Postage stamps and postal history of French Sudan * Postage stamps and postal history of The Gambia * Postage stamps and postal history of Upper Senegal and Niger References Philately by country French W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Senegal
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Senegal. ''Senegal'' is a country south of the Sénégal River in western Africa. It is externally bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south; internally it almost completely surrounds the Gambia, namely on the north, east and south, exempting Gambia's short Atlantic Ocean coastline. First stamps The first stamps of Senegal were issued in 1887. Before that general issues for the French Colonies were used.Stuart Rossiter, Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. ''The Stamp Atlas''. London: Macdonald, 1986, pp.315-316. French West Africa From 1944 to 1959, the French West Africa issues were used. The last issue of French West Africa was the Stamp Day issue on March 21, 1959, which was inscribed "CF" along with "Dakar-Abidjan" and used only in Ivory Coast and Senegal. Mali Federation In 1959 and early 1960 nine stamps were issued in the name of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Reunion
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Réunion. Réunion Island, formerly known as ''Île Bourbon'', is a French island of about 800,000 population located in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, about south west of Mauritius, the nearest island. It is an overseas department of France and an integral part of the French Republic. First stamps The first stamps of Reunion were issued on 1 January 1852. Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. ''The Stamp Atlas''. London: Macdonald, 1986, p.326. From 1885 French colonies stamps were overprinted for use in Reunion. Later issues The first set of definitives was issued in 1892. Reunion used stamps of France surcharged in CFA franc from 1949 to 1974. Since 1975 stamps of France have been used without surcharge. See also * Postage stamps of the French Colonies References Further reading *"Isle Bourbon and Isle de France" by Robson Lowe John Harry Robson Lowe (7 January 1905, London – 19 August 1997, B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Obock
During its time as a French colony, Obock issued its own postage stamps. At first the inhabitants used the general stamps of the French Colonies, but in 1892 they were overprinted with "OBOCK", as were stamped post cards. Later in the year some of these were also surcharged with values from 1 centime to 5 francs. By the end of the year, a supply of the omnibus Navigation and Commerce issues became available, inscribed OBOCK in red or blue. 1893 and 1894 brought the stamps for which Obock is most famous among philatelists: a series of imperforate stamps with simulated perforations, a scalloped line resembling the outline of a perforated stamps, printed all around the design. In addition, the 2-franc and higher denomination stamps are in the shape of a large equilateral triangle. While the low values are relatively common, the triangular stamps are more scarce. Although with the departure of the government from Obock, it is hard to believe that much mail came or went from the li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of New Caledonia
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing. With the advent of email, the retronym "snail mail" was coined. Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports. The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Mayotte
This is an overview of the postage stamps and postal history of the Indian Ocean island of Mayotte, one of the Comoros Archipelago islands located on the south-east side of Africa. Mayotte was the first Comorian island to fall under French influence at the beginning of the 1840s. It was the French administrative and postal center in the archipelago. Between 1911 and 1975, Mayotte's postal history is the same as the other Comoros: part of the Madagascar colony, then part of the Comoros Archipelago overseas territory. In July 1975, Mayotte's postal history diverged again because its inhabitants voted by referendum to remain a French territory. After a shortage of stamps, stamps of France were used from February 1976 to December 1996. From 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2011, Mayotte was postally autonomous and issued its own stamps. Postal operations are managed by an overseas subsidiary of La Poste (France), La Poste. From 1 January 2012, with the full integration of Mayotte with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Martinique
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Martinique. Martinique is an island in the eastern Caribbean. To the northwest lies Dominica, to the south St Lucia, and to the southeast Barbados. It is an overseas region of France. First stamps Stamps of France were used in Martinique from 1851, and the French colonies general issues from 1859. The first stamp of Martinique was issued on 18 July 1886, overprinting "Martinique" on the French colonies general issues. In 1892, the first definitive set, the French colonial series, was issued. A series of pictorial stamps issued in 1908 featured local themes. Martinique has used the stamps of France since becoming an overseas region in 1974. See also *Postage stamps of the French Colonies References Further reading *Picirilli, Bob. ''Postal and Airmail Rates in France & Colonies 1920-1945''. France and Colonies Philatelic Society of Great Britain. External linksFrance and Colonies Philatelic Society of Great ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Madagascar
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Madagascar, briefly also known as Malagasy. Madagascar is an island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. The main island, also called Madagascar, is the fourth-largest island in the world. First stamps The first stamps used in Madagascar were general issues for the French Colonies. In 1889 the French colonial general issues were overprinted with new face values. Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. ''The Stamp Atlas''. London: Macdonald, 1986, pp.328-330. The 1891 issue was printed locally on sheetlets of 10 stamps. The hand preparation of the die meant that each of the 10 positions had its own identifying traits. The differences usually pertain to the number of dots (points) in the two rows above and below the value. A quick count of the dots in the two pair of rows will usually discern the type, as well as indicate forgeries. The first set of definitives was issued in 1896. From 1912 to 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Postage Stamps And Postal History Of Indochina
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Indochina. First stamps The postage stamps of French Indochina begin on May 16, 1886, with the overprinting of "5" or "5 C. CH." on the generic stamps of the French Colonies, for use in Cochinchina (mainly Saigon). On January 21, 1888, stamps crudely overprinted ''A & T'' (meaning Annam & Tonkin), along with a "1" or "5", and also on the generic colonies stamps, were issued for those territories. The example at right was cancelled at Hanoi (spelled "HA-NOI") in Tonkin, on 17 March 1888. The 1889 unification of colonial administration first resulted in surcharges in January 1889, on the 35c French Colonies stamp, reading INDO-CHINE 89 / 5 / R D (8 January) and INDO-CHINE / 1889 / R - D (10 January), where the "R" referred to the colonial governor P. Richaud, and the "D" to the postmaster at Saigon, General P. Demars. The example illustrated at right was cancelled at Vinh Long, a town of the Mekong Delta, on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
