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National Council Of The Movement
The National Council of the Movement (Spanish: ''Consejo Nacional del Movimiento'', originally ''Consejo Nacional de FET y de las JONS''), was an institution of the Franco dictatorship of a collegiate nature, which was subordinated to the Head of State. Originally created under the name of the National Council of FET and the JONS on 19 October 1937 in the midst of the Civil War, it would continue to exist until 1977, following the death of Francisco Franco and the dismantling of institutions of his regime. Its internal structure was strongly inspired by the Italian Grand Fascist Council and the National Council of the National Fascist Party. Its members, the councillors, with a maximum number of 50 were first appointed by Franco in 1937, integrating all the political forces that intervened in the coup d'état of July 1936 that started the Civil War, and that had been unified by decree in April 1937 under the name of Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS (FET y de las JO ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palacio Del Senado
The Palace of the Senate is the home of the Senate of Spain, the upper house of the Cortes Generales, the national parliament of Spain. It is located in the Spanish Navy Square, in the center of the City of Madrid. History The building was built in the 16th century and was the home of a Saint Augustine Order school called Incarnation School or Doña María de Aragón School. The school was one of the most outstanding institutions of the capital, and its church contained several masterpieces of El Greco, today in the Prado Museum. In 1814 and between 1820 and 1823 the palace was the home of the Cortes of Cádiz, the first official parliament of Spain. With the approval of the Royal Statute of 1834, the Cortes Generales was established as a bicameral parliament with the Chamber of Peers as the upper house. The Chambers of Peers moved to the palace in 1835 and with many name and powers changes, this palace continued serving as the home of the upper house of the Cortes until 1923. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burgos
Burgos () is a city in Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Burgos. Burgos is situated in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, on the confluence of the Arlanzón river tributaries, at the edge of the central plateau. The municipality has a population of about 180,000 inhabitants. The Camino de Santiago runs through Burgos. Founded in 884 by the second Count of Castile, Diego Rodríguez Porcelos, Burgos soon became the leading city of the embryonic County of Castile. The 11th century chieftain Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (''El Cid'') had connections with the city: born near Burgos, he was raised and educated there. In a long-lasting decline from the 17th century, Burgos became the headquarters of the Francoist proto-government (1936-1939) following the start of the Spanish Civil War. Declared in 1964 as Pole of Industrial Promotion and in 1969 as Pole of Industrial Development, the city h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FET Y De Las JONS
The Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET y de las JONS; ), frequently shortened to just "FET", was the sole legal party of the Francoist regime in Spain. It was created by General Francisco Franco in 1937 as a merger of the fascist Falange Española de las JONS (FE de las JONS) with the monarchist neoabsolutist and ultracatholic Traditionalist Communion belonging to the Carlist movement. In addition to the resemblance of names, the party formally retained most of the platform of FE de las JONS (26 out of 27 points) and a similar inner structure. In force until April 1977, it was rebranded as Movimiento Nacional in 1958. History Early history The FET y de las JONS began as the Spanish Falange, a Falangist party, The Council of National Syndicalist Offensives, a national syndicalist party and Traditionalist Communion, a Catholic monarchist party, three parties that were becoming relevant in Spanish right wing politics before ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francoist Spain
Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spain transitioned into a democracy. During this time period, Spain was officially known as the Spanish State (). The nature of the regime evolved and changed during its existence. Months after the start of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936, Franco emerged as the dominant rebel military leader and was proclaimed head of state on 1 October 1936, ruling a dictatorship over the territory controlled by the Nationalist faction. The 1937 Unification Decree, which merged all parties supporting the rebel side, led to Nationalist Spain becoming a single-party regime under the FET y de las JONS. The end of the war in 1939 brought the extension of the Franco rule to the whole country and the exile of Republican institutions. The Francoist dictatorshi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Luis Beigbeder
Juan Luis Beigbeder y Atienza (31 March 1888 – 6 June 1957) was a Spanish military and political leader who held the positions of Chief of Indigenous Affairs and later High Commissioner in the Protectorate of Morocco from 1937 to 1939 then, just after the Spanish Civil War, served as Minister of Foreign Affairs between 12 August 1939 and 16 October 1940, during the rule of Francisco Franco. Biography He took part in the wars in Africa in 1909–1910, participating in the battles of Aid Yedida, Benicorfet, Hosmar Beni, Beni-Salem and the march on Chefchaouen. After his promotion to lieutenant colonel, he was appointed military attaché to the Embassy of Spain in Berlin. He joined the military revolt of 17 July 1936 as Chief of Indigenous Affairs and was responsible for organizing about 50,000 Moorish troops to assist Franco's revolt. On 18 July, he went to inform the Khalifa Muley Hassan and the Grand Vizier of Tetouan that a military rebellion that was taking place, gettin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juan Yagüe
Juan Yagüe y Blanco, 1st Marquis of San Leonardo de Yagüe (19 November 1891 – 21 October 1952) was a Spanish military officer during the Spanish Civil War, one of the most important in the Nationalist side. He became known as the "Butcher of Badajoz" (''Carnicero de Badajoz'') because he ordered thousands killed, including wounded men in the hospital. Early life The son of a doctor, he enrolled at a young age in the Toledo Infantry Academy, where Francisco Franco was a fellow cadet. The two men received their commissions concurrently and served together in Africa, where Yagüe was wounded on several occasions and received several decorations. Yagüe was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1932. He, along with Franco and General Eduardo López Ochoa, helped suppress a workers uprising in Asturias using Moroccan Regulars and Legionnaires in 1934. He was a strong early supporter of the Falange Española and a close personal friend of José Antonio Primo de Rivera. Spanish Ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonzalo Queipo De Llano
Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra (5 February 1875 – 9 March 1951) was a Spanish military leader who rose to prominence during the July 1936 coup and then the Spanish Civil War and the White Terror. Biography A career army man, Queipo de Llano was a brigadier general in 1923 when he began to speak out against the army and Miguel Primo de Rivera. He was demoted and had to serve three years in prison. However, he refused to stop his criticism even after his release and so was dismissed altogether in 1928. In 1930, he became a revolutionary, but on a failed attempt to overthrow King Alfonso XIII, he fled to Portugal. He returned to his native land in 1931 after the departure of Alfonso XIII and assumed command of the 1st Military District of the Spanish Republican Army. He was later appointed by President Niceto Alcalá Zamora to the president's chief of the military staff (Queipo's daughter was married to a son of Alcalá Zamora). Even as he rose in prominence, he remained cri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedro Sainz Rodríguez
Pedro Sainz Carlos Rodríguez (1897 in Madrid – 1986) was a Spanish writer, Philology, philologist, publisher and politician, an adviser to Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona and one of the main architects of the reign of Juan Carlos I of Spain and the Spanish transition to democracy. Within the wide coalition of right-wing opinion that was the early movement behind Francisco Franco he was the leading figure of the monarchist wing. In terms of character Sainz Rodríguez was noted for his quick wit, whilst physically he was known for his obesity. Academic career Sainz Rodríguez first came to prominence as a philology academic and a disciple of Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo. He became noted as an expert in 'Spanish Golden Age, Golden Age' mysticism and a defender of traditional Roman Catholic Church, Catholicism. He argued that Spain had become decadent because of an invasion of liberalism into the ruling classes from the 18th Century onwards and called for a return to the ideal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Pemán
José María Pemán y Pemartín (8 May 1897 in Cadiz – 19 July 1981, Ibid.) was a Spanish journalist, poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, and monarchist intellectual. Biography Originally a student of law, he entered the literary world with a series of poetic works inspired by his native Andalusia (''De la vida sencilla'', ''A la rueda, rueda'', ''El barrio de Santa Cruz'', and ''Las flores del bien''). In the 1930s he became a journalist. In 1935 he joined the Real Academia de la Lengua, of which he was the director from 1939 to 1940 and 1944 to 1947. Pemán often blurred literary genres, and developed a unique style that may be described as equidistant between classicism and modernism, not unfamiliar to readers of ''ABC'' and ''El Alcázar''. As a dramatist, he wrote historical-religious verse (''El divino impaciente'' and ''Cuando las Cortes de Cádiz y Cisneros''), plays based on Andalusian themes (''Noche de levante en calma''), and comical costume dramas ('' Julieta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomás Domínguez Arévalo
Tomás Domínguez Arévalo, 6th Count of Rodezno, 12th Marquis of San Martin (1882–1952) was a Spanish Carlist and Francoist politician. He is known mostly as the first Francoist Minister of Justice (1938–1939). He is also recognised for his key role in negotiating Carlist access to the coup of July 1936 and in emergence of carlo-francoism, the branch of Carlism which actively engaged in the Francoist regime. Family and youth Tomás Domínguez y de Arévalo Romera y Fernández Navarrete was a descendant of two landowner families from the very south and from the very north of Spain. The paternal Domínguez family has been for centuries related to the Andalusian town of Carmona (Seville province). Its first representatives were noted as regidores in the 18th century and intermarried with another distinguished local family, the Romeras. Their descendant was Tomás' father, Tomás Domínguez Romera (1848–1931), who inherited the local Campo de la Plata estate. He demonstra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sancho Dávila Y Fernández De Celis
Sancho Dávila y Fernández de Celis (1905–1972) was a Spanish Falangist politician. He was an important figure in the early history of the movement but later fell out of favour. Falangism Dávila was a cousin of José Antonio Primo de Rivera and as such was given the responsibility of expanding the operations of the Falange in Seville and Cádiz in 1933. He soon rose to the rank of ''jefe territorial'' for Andalusia. He was a close ally of José Sáinz Nothnagel and was arrested with him in May 1936 at José Antonio's house. Power struggle Following the execution of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, Dávila joined with his ally Agustín Aznar in a power struggle for the leadership of the Falange. The two men led the ''legitimistas'' group within the movement which opposed the leadership of Primo de Rivera's nominated successor Manuel Hedilla. Dávila's presence was especially important to this group due to his familial connection and he was central in maintaining the cult of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agustín Aznar
Agustín Aznar Gerner (18 August 1911 – 2 May 1984) was a Spanish medical doctor, political activist with the Falange and a leading figure during the Spanish Civil War. Aznar was part of a radical element within the followers of Francisco Franco and at times represented a challenge to his leadership. Early years The son of the academic Severino Aznar Embid, Aznar studied medicine at the ''Universidad Central de Madrid'', where his father was a sociology lecturer.Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1990, p. 16 He specialised in haematology and would ultimately serve as Chief Professor of the Central Laboratory and the Haematological Service. Aznar's political involvement also began in his student days and in 1935 he was the founder and leader of the Falangist student union, the ''Sindicato Español Universitario''. Known as a burly adventurer who held the Greco-Roman wrestling title in Castille, he was appointed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
