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Murtazeki
) , image= Chamil’s prayer before the battle (1896).jpg , caption= Shamil's prayer before the fight. Murtazeks on horseback. , dates= 1833–1859 , country= Caucasian ImamateCircassia , allegiance = imam , branch=Army , type=Infantry Cavalry , role=Border Troops, close protection , size= 1300 (1836), to 4000 (1843) , garrison= , garrison_label= , ceremonial_chief= , ceremonial_chief_label= , nickname= , patron= , motto= "There is no God but Allah" ( ar, لا اله الا الله) , colors= , colors_label= Colors , march= , mascot= , equipment=Shashkasabersdaggersguns pistols , equipment_label= , battles= , anniversaries= , decorations= , commander1= Imam Shamil Shuaib-Mulla of TsentaraMuhammad Amin AsiyalavAkhberdil MuhammadSultan-Murad Benoevsky , commander1_label=known commanders , commander2= , commander2_label= , commander3= , commander3_label= Vice commander , commander4= , commander4_label= , notable_commanders= , ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imam Shamil
Imam Shamil ( av, Шейх Шамил, Şeyx Şamil; ar, الشيخ شامل; russian: Имам Шамиль; 26 June 1797 – 4 February 1871) was the political, military, and spiritual leader of North Caucasian resistance to Imperial Russia in the 1800s, the third Imam of the Caucasian Imamate (1840–1859), and a Sunni Muslim Shaykh of the Naqshbandi Sufi Tariqa. Family and early life Imam Shamil was born in 1797 into an Avar Muslim family. He was born in the small village (aul) of Gimry, (in present-day Dagestan, Russia). He was originally named Ali, but following local tradition, his name was changed when he became ill. His father, Dengau, was a landlord, and this position allowed Shamil and his close friend Ghazi Mollah to study many subjects, including Arabic and logic. Shamil grew up at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding into the territories of the Ottoman Empire and of Persia (see Russo-Persian War (1804-1813) and Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812)). Many Cau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Amin Asiyalav
Muhammad-Amin Asiyalav or Naib Emin Pasha (; Avar: МухIаммад Амин Асиялав; ; 1818 – 8 April 1901) was a North Caucasian military commander and Islamic preacher of Avar origin who served as the 4th leader of the Circassian Confederation from 1848 to 1859. He was one of the Circassian leaders in the Russo-Circassian War and the third naib of Imam Shamil. His era was marked with various reforms in industry, diplomacy, military, administration, religious issues and more. He gradually removed slavery, strictly banned social classes, built schools and small factories. Biography Early life Family and name He was born in 1818 at the Gonoda region of Dagestan. His father was Honodiyaw Hajji, and his mother was Asiya. According to Imam Shamil, his father named him "Asiyalav Muhammad" meaning "Muhammad of Asiya". Imam Shamil, when writing to him in Arabic, addressed him as "ila Muhammaduna al-amin" (to our loyal Muhammad). The Circassians and Russians m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caucasian Imamate
The Caucasian Imamate, also known as the Caucasus Imamate ( ar, إمامة القوقاز, translit=Imamat Al-Qawqaz), was a state established by the imams in Dagestan and Chechnya during the early-to-mid 19th century in the North Caucasus, to fight against the Russian Empire during the Caucasian War, where Russia sought to conquer the Caucasus in order to secure communications with its new territories south of the mountains. Background Previously in the Northeast Caucasus, there had, since recordable history, been a large array of states. Caucasian Albania had existed in Southern Dagestan, for most of its history being a vassal under the direct rule of the Parthians and later the Sasanid Persians, but eventually, the majority converted to Islam following the Muslim conquest of Persia, as their overlords did. Traveling Arabs proved to be instrumental in this, and after they left, they relinquished the new Muslim states of Lezghia (centered in the Islamic learning center of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of The Valerik River
The Battle of the Valerik River on 11 July 1840 was fought as part of the Russian conquest of the Caucasus. It occurred about southwest of the fortress of Groznaya (now Grozny) between forces of the Imperial Russian Army and North Caucasian mountaineers led by the ''naib'' (viceroy) Ahberdila Muhammad. It remains famous because of the poem " Valerik" by Mikhail Lermontov, a participant. Situation in the eastern Caucasus on the eve of the battle An attempt to disarm the population of Chechnya in the spring of 1840 had caused unrest which grew into open rebellion against the Russian authorities. The Caucasus resistance leader, Imam Shamil, took this opportunity to appoint Ahberdila Muhammad as ''naib'' (governor) of Lesser Chechnya and call for a general uprising of the Karabulaks, Galashians, the Sunzha and ''Nadterechny'' Chechens, Nazrans and Ghalghaï. The Russian authorities felt compelled to organize a military expedition against the rebels. The Russian writer M. Lermo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Dagestan
Historically, Dagestan (partially ancient Albania) consisted of a federation of mountainous principalities in the eastern part of the North Caucasus. Located at the crossroads of world civilizations of north and south, Dagestan was the scene of clashes of interests of many states and until the early 19th century most notably that of between Persian Empire (Iran) and Imperial Russia. The name The word Dagestan is of Turkish and Persian origin, directly translating to "Land of the Mountains." The Turkish word dağ means "mountain", and the Persian suffix -stan means "land". Some areas of Dagestan were known as Lekia, Avaria and Tarki at various times. The name ''Dagestan'' historically refers to the eastern Caucasus, taken by the Russian Empire in 1860 and renamed the Dagestan Oblast. The current, more autonomous Republic of Dagestan covers a much larger territory, established in 1921 as the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, by inclusion of the eastern part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naib
Nawab ( Balochi: نواب; ar, نواب; bn, নবাব/নওয়াব; hi, नवाब; Punjabi : ਨਵਾਬ; Persian, Punjabi , Sindhi, Urdu: ), also spelled Nawaab, Navaab, Navab, Nowab, Nabob, Nawaabshah, Nawabshah or Nobab, is a Royal title indicating a sovereign ruler, often of a South Asian state, in many ways comparable to the western title of Prince. The relationship of a Nawab to the Emperor of India has been compared to that of the Kings of Saxony to the German Emperor. In earlier times the title was ratified and bestowed by the reigning Mughal emperor to semi-autonomous Muslim rulers of subdivisions or princely states in the Indian subcontinent loyal to the Mughal Empire, for example the Nawabs of Bengal. The title is common among Muslim rulers of South Asia as an equivalent to the title Maharaja. "Nawab" usually refers to males and literally means ''Viceroy''; the female equivalent is "Begum" or "''Nawab Begum''". The primary duty of a Nawab was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gamzat-bek
Gamzat-bek ( Avar: ХIамзат Бек, Chechen: Хьамзат Бек, ''Гамзат-бек'' in Russian), Hamza-Bek, Hamza Bek ibn Ali Iskandar Bek al-Hutsali (1789 — October 1(September 19), 1834) was the second imam of the Caucasian Imamate, who succeeded Ghazi Mollah upon his death in 1832. Gamzat-bek was a son of one of the Avar beks. He was educated under the supervision of Muslim preachers and became an avid follower of a sufi order. In August 1834, Gamzat-bek launched an assault on Avar khans, who had been supporting the Russian Empire government and who had been hostile towards the sufism movement. He succeeded in capturing the Avar capital of Khunzakh and executed its female ruler Pakhubike and her sons. Within the next eighteen months, Gamzat-bek had been actively fighting against the Russian Empire. The supporters of the Avar khans, including Hadji Murad, conspired against Gamzat-bek and killed him (Leo Tolstoy's story '' Hadji Murat'' is based on this ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shuaib-Mulla Of Tsentara
Shuaib-Mulla of Tsentara ( Chechen: Shoip-Molloy Tsontoroin; Russian: Шоип-Мулла Цонтороевский) was a Chechen commander and naib of the Caucasian Imamate during the Caucasian War. He was one of Imam Shamil's closest associates and was nicknamed the "Marshal of the Forests" for his skill in guerrilla warfare by Count Pavel Grabbe. Biography Shuaib was born in the village of Biltaul (modern Tukhchar of the Novolaksky district of Dagestan) in 1804 into the family of the scientist Muhammad-Hadji. Muhammad-mullah was not only a prominent Arabist scientist, educator, but is also reported to have enjoyed great respect and authority among the Chechens, for a long time he headed the Chechen national council (Mekhkan Khel) in Nokhch-Mokhk. In his youth, Shuaib received a good education and showed a great aptitude for science. In addition to his native Chechen, Shuaib is reported to have spoken Arabic, Kumyk and Avar. Shuaib's father Muhammad initially wanted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ghunib
The Battle of Ghunib ( rus, Взятие Гуниба, r=Vzyatie Guniba) was a siege of aul Gunib by the Russian forces in 1859. After 25 years of resistance, Imam Shamil Imam Shamil ( av, Шейх Шамил, Şeyx Şamil; ar, الشيخ شامل; russian: Имам Шамиль; 26 June 1797 – 4 February 1871) was the political, military, and spiritual leader of North Caucasian resistance to Imperial Russia in ... surrendered to the Russians. See Murid War#The end (1857-1859). References Sources * *The Russian conquest of the Caucasus, John Frederick Baddeley, 1908 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ghunib, Battle of Battle of Ghunib Conflicts in 1859 Caucasian War Battles involving Chechnya Battles involving Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Dargo (1845)
The Dargo Campaign of 1845 was a series of battles during the Murid War, the eastern phase of the Caucasus War of 1817–1864. During the campaign, Vorontsov penetrated too deeply into enemy country, was surrounded, fought his way part-way out with heavy losses and was rescued by General R. K. Freitag. The campaign exposed the difficulties posed in moving a large army through a forested region. With heavy supplies and many wounded, the army became strung out when it was attacked from both sides, while the front and rear could not protect each other. Once discipline is not maintained, a faster group bunched up with the men ahead, causing them to lose contact with the men to the rear, resulting in isolated groups to be attacked. Background Following the Siege of Akhoulgo in 1839, Imam Shamil moved about 45 km northwest to the forests of Chechnya and established himself at Dargo. Dargo is somewhere in a forested north-south valley about 33 km south of the flat cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ichkeria
The Battle of Ichkeria (1842) was an attempt by General Grabbe to take Imam Shamil's capital at Dargo during the Russian conquest of the Caucasus. It failed because of the difficulty of moving a large force through the forest. After his defeat at Akhulgo in 1839, Shamil established a new headquarters at Dargo in a forested valley in Chechnya about south of the Russian lines. The region was called Ichkeria. In late 1841 Count Grabbe visited Saint Petersburg and persuaded Nicholas I to give him command of the forces on the Left Flank and northern Dagestan, that is, the area north and east of Dargo. From at least 21 March 1842 Shamil and most of his men were fighting at Kazi-Kumukh about southeast of Dargo. Grabbe decided to attack Shamil's capital in his absence. Grabbe's intention was to march quickly south to Dargo, destroy it, and then move south over the mountain and take Andi and Gumbet. He had 10,000 men and 24 guns. The size of his force worked against him. To carry his sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
