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Muri AG
Muri, formerly known as Muri (Freiamt), is a municipality in southeastern Swiss Canton Aargau and is the capital of same district. The present municipality of Muri was created in 1816 from the merging of the four municipalities Langdorf, Egg, Hasli and Wey. Geography The community consists of three districts. Immediately west of the monastery lies the community of Wey, slightly more than a kilometer south of the district Langdorf (formerly known as Dorfmuri). East of the railway line, at a distance of half a kilometer of the village is Egg. There are also several hamlets: Hasli is located one kilometer north of the monastery, Vili one kilometer in a northwesterly direction, and Langenmatt one kilometer to the west. Türmelen, a hamlet, which lies directly on the eastern boundary of the municipality, is now merged with Egg. There are also numerous isolated farms scattered throughout the area. Muri is located in the upper end of the Bünztal at the foot of Lindenberg, Covering all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muri (district)
Muri District is a district in the Swiss Canton of Aargau with the administrative capital of Muri. It covers the central and southern part of Freiamt and has a population of (as of ). Geography The Muri district has an area, , of . Of this area, or 68.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 19.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 9.8% is settled (buildings or roads). Coat of arms The blazon of the district coat of arms is ''Gules a Wall in fess embattled Argent masoned Sable..'' Demographics The Muri district has a population () of . , 13.2% of the population are foreign nationals.Statistical Department of Canton Aargau -Bereich 01 -Bevölkerung accessed 20 January 2010 Economy there were 15,053 workers who lived in the district. Of these, 10,391 or about 69 ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ida Of Lorraine
Ida of Lorraine (also referred to as Blessed Ida of Boulogne) () was a saint and noblewoman. She was the daughter of Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine and his wife Doda. Ida's grandfather was Gothelo I, Duke of Lorraine and Ida's brother was Godfrey IV, Duke of Lower Lorraine. Family In 1049, she married Eustace II, Count of Boulogne. They had three sons: * Eustace III, the next Count of Boulogne *Godfrey of Bouillon, first ruler of Kingdom of Jerusalem * Baldwin, second ruler of Kingdom of Jerusalem A daughter, Ida of Boulogne, has also been postulated. She was married first to Herman von Malsen and second to Conon, Count of Montaigu. Ida shunned the use of a wet-nurse in raising her children. Instead, she breast-fed them to ensure that they were not contaminated by the wet-nurse's morals, i.e. her mode of living. When her sons went on the First Crusade, Ida contributed heavily to their expenses. Life Ida was always religiously and charitably active, but the death of her h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canton Of Baden
The Canton of Baden (german: Kanton Baden) was a canton of the Helvetic Republic (a Napoleonic-era precursor of modern-day Switzerland). Its capital was the town of Baden. Formation The canton was created in 1798 from the merger of the County of Baden with the Freie Ämter (free bailiwicks) and Kelleramt, all of which had until then been condominiums (''gemeine Herrschaften'') of the Old Swiss Confederation. The canton was divided into five districts — Baden, Bremgarten, Muri, Sarmenstorf and Zurzach. The canton, like the others of the Helvetic Republic, was administered by a governor (german: Statthalter) and an administrative chamber (german: Verwaltungskammer), a vice-governor (german: Unterstatthalter) in each district, as well as agents in the municipalities. In 1799, there were 45,982 residents, though the Jewish population was not counted in the census. Dissolution Since the majority of Roman Catholic, conservative population were indifferent to the new state, off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helvetic Republic
The Helvetic Republic (, , ) was a sister republic of France that existed between 1798 and 1803, during the French Revolutionary Wars. It was created following the French invasion and the consequent dissolution of the Old Swiss Confederacy, marking the end of the ''ancien régime'' in Switzerland. Throughout its existence, the republic incorporated most of the territory of modern Switzerland, excluding the cantons of Geneva and Neuchâtel and the old Prince-Bishopric of Basel. The Swiss Confederacy, which until then had consisted of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance (and ruling over subject territories such as Vaud), was invaded by the French Revolutionary Army and turned into an ally known as the "Helvetic Republic". The interference with localism and traditional liberties was deeply resented, although some modernizing reforms took place. Resistance was strongest in the more traditional Catholic cantons, with armed uprisings breaking out in spring 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy or Swiss Confederacy (German language, Modern German: ; historically , after the Swiss Reformation, Reformation also , "Confederation of the Swiss") was a loose confederation of independent small states (, German or In the charters of the 14th century described as "communities" (, ), the German term ''Orte'' becomes common in the early 15th century, used alongside "estate" after the Reformation. The French term is used in Fribourg in 1475, and after 1490 is increasingly used in French and Italian documents. It only enters occasional German usage after 1648, and only gains official status as synonym of with the Act of Mediation of 1803. ), initially within the Holy Roman Empire. It is the precursor of the modern state of Switzerland. It formed during the 14th century, from a foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy, nucleus in what is now Central Switzerland, growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy, expanding to include the cities of Zürich and Bern by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon I
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. He was the ''de facto'' leader of the French Republic as First Consul from 1799 to 1804, then Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814 and again in 1815. Napoleon's political and cultural legacy endures to this day, as a highly celebrated and controversial leader. He initiated many liberal reforms that have persisted in society, and is considered one of the greatest military commanders in history. His wars and campaigns are studied by militaries all over the world. Between three and six million civilians and soldiers perished in what became known as the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica, not long af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freie Ämter
The Freiamt or ''Freie Ämter'' ( en, Free Office or ''Free Administrative Unit'', though it is not usually translated into English) is a region in Switzerland and is located in the southeast of Canton of Aargau. It comprises the area between the Lindenberg and Heitersberg and from the terminal moraine at Othmarsingen to Reuss river in Dietwil. Today the area of the Bremgarten and Muri Districts are called the Freiamt. Previously, the area around Affoltern District in the canton of Zurich was called the (Zurich) Freiamt. Bremgarten, Muri, Sins, Villmergen and Wohlen are among the main towns of the Freiamt. The metropolitan area around the Mutschellen pass is another important population center. According to statistical criteria, there is only one city, Wohlen. During the Middle Ages, Bremgarten had city rights, but it is not currently classed as a city. The Freiamt lies in a central position in the Swiss plateau. The large cities of Zurich, Zug and Lucerne are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second War Of Kappel
The Second War of Kappel (german: Zweiter Kappelerkrieg) was an armed conflict in 1531 between the Catholic and the Protestant cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy during the Reformation in Switzerland. Cause The tensions between the two parties had not been resolved by the peace concluded after the First War of Kappel two years earlier, and provocations from both sides continued, fuelled in particular by the Augsburg Confession of 1530. Additionally, the Roman Catholic party accused Zürich of territorial ambitions. As the Catholic cantons refused to help the Three Leagues (''Drei Bünde'') in the Grisons during the Musso war against the Duchy of Milan, Zürich promptly considered this a breach of contracts between the confederacy and the Three Leagues and declared an embargo against the five alpine Catholic cantons, in which Bern also participated. While the ''Tagsatzung'' had successfully mediated in 1529, on this occasion the attempt failed, not least because Huldrych Zwin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judicial power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents. Low justice regards the level of day-to-day civil actions, including voluntary justice, minor pleas, and petty offences generally settled by fines or light corporal punishment. It was held by many lesser authorities, including many lords of the manor, who sat in justice over the serfs, unfree tenants, and freeholders on their land. Middle justice would involve full civil and criminal jurisdiction, except for capital crimes, and notably excluding the right to pass the death penalty, torture and severe corporal punishment, which was reserved to authorities holding high justice, or the ''ius gladii'' ("right of the sword"). Pyramid of feudal justice Although the terms ''high'' and ''low'' suggest a strict subordination, this was not quite the case ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Besenbüren
Besenbüren is a municipality in the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. History The first indication of human settlement near Besenbüren are paleo- and mesolithic items that were discovered in the ''Forenmoos''. The modern municipality of Besenbüren is first mentioned in the Acta Murensia, which was first drawn up in 1160 but included a number of various older documents, as ''Besenbürren''. The major landholders in the Middle Ages in Besenbüren were Muri and Engelberg Abbeys. Under the Habsburgs it belonged to the Muri district. After 1415 it belonged to the Boswil district. The rights that the Hermann of Heidegg received after the conquest of the Aargau by the Swiss Conderation remained with his family until 1617, when they were transferred to Muri Abbey. In the 19th century, agricultural employment and the straw plaiting industry provided nearly all the jobs in the municipality. In the second half of the 19th century the population decr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beinwil (Freiamt)
Beinwil (Freiamt) is a municipality in the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. History The earliest evidence of human settlement are scattered Roman era items. The modern municipality of Beinwil is first mentioned in 1153 as ''Beinwilare''. Until 1950 it was known as ''Beinwil bei Muri''. Originally, much of the property in the village was owned by Muri Abbey. In 1239 Hartmann Visilere granted all his possessions and rights in Beinwil to the Cistercian Kappel Abbey in Kappel am Albis. This property went to the city of Zurich in 1415. In 1527, Zurich also acquired the rights to the low courts in the municipality. In 1586 these rights went to the family of Holder Meyer in Lucerne, who sold them in 1614 to Muri Abbey. The Vogtei of Wiggwil was held by a Habsburg vassal, the Ministerialis (unfree knights) family of Gessler, until 1412. The history of the parish is inextricably linked to the pilgrimage to the grave of St. Burkard of Beinwil, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
