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Most Significant Change Technique
The Most Significant Change Technique (MSC) is a monitoring and evaluation (M&E) method used for the monitoring and evaluating of complex development interventions. It was developed by Rick Davies as part of his PhD field work with the Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB) in 1994. CCDB, a Bangladeshi NGO, subsequently continued and expanded the use of MSC to monitor the impact of its participatory rural development projects for the rest of the decade. Following publication of the CCDB experience on the internet in 1996, MSC was progressively adopted for use by other NGOs in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Australasia. These experiences were then documented in the 2005 MSC Guide, co-authored by Davies and Dart,Rick Davies,Jess Dart ''The Most Significant Change (MSC) Technique: A Guide to Its Use'' (2005/ref> which remains the most widely cited reference on how to use MSC. Jess Dart, the co-author of the Guide, carried out the first use of MSC in Australia a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Commission For Development In Bangladesh
Christian Commission for Development in Bangladesh (CCDB) founded in 1972, immediately after the Bangladesh Liberation War, by the World Council of Churches (WCC) to succeed the Bangladesh Ecumenical Relief and Rehabilitation Services (BERRS). The organization asks local imams to talk about disaster preparedness in their Friday services as part of its Disaster Preparedness Programme.Sara SpeicherBuilding a house on sand, World Council of Churches, 13 May 2002; ''Retrieved: 2007-12-16'' Major activities The major activities of CCDB include rural development, people-managed savings and credit programmes, work with ethnic/indigenous communities, training traditional birth attendants, women's development programmes and gender awareness programmes, enhancing human and organizational potential. The major programmes are: [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantification (science)
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into quantity, quantities. Quantification in this sense is fundamental to the scientific method. Natural science Some measure of the undisputed general importance of quantification in the natural sciences can be gleaned from the following comments: * "these are mere facts, but they are quantitative facts and the basis of science." * It seems to be held as universally true that "the foundation of quantification is measurement." * There is little doubt that "quantification provided a basis for the objectivity of science." * In ancient times, "musicians and artists ... rejected quantification, but merchants, by definition, quantified their affairs, in order to survive, made them visible on parchment and paper." * Any reasonable "comparison between Aristotle and Galileo shows clearly that there can be no unique lawfulness discov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accountability
Accountability, in terms of ethics and governance, is equated with answerability, blameworthiness, liability, and the expectation of account-giving. As in an aspect of governance, it has been central to discussions related to problems in the public sector, nonprofit and private (corporate) and individual contexts. In leadership roles, accountability is the acknowledgment and assumption of responsibility for actions, products, decisions, and policies including the administration, governance, and implementation within the scope of the role or employment position and encompassing the obligation to report, explain and be answerable for resulting consequences. In governance, accountability has expanded beyond the basic definition of "being called to account for one's actions". It is frequently described as an account giving relationship between individuals, e.g. "A is accountable to B when A is obliged to inform B about A's (past or future) actions and decisions, to justify them, and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-governmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in humanitarianism or the social sciences; they can also include clubs and associations that provide services to their members and others. Surveys indicate that NGOs have a high degree of public trust, which can make them a useful proxy for the concerns of society and stakeholders. However, NGOs can also be lobby groups for corporations, such as the World Economic Forum. NGOs are distinguished from international and intergovernmental organizations (''IOs'') in that the latter are more directly involved with sovereign states and their governments. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the newly-formed United Nations' Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Community Of Practice
A community of practice (CoP) is a group of people who "share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly". The concept was first proposed by cognitive anthropologist Jean Lave and educational theorist Etienne Wenger in their 1991 book ''Situated Learning'' . Wenger then significantly expanded on the concept in his 1998 book ''Communities of Practice'' . A CoP can evolve naturally because of the members' common interest in a particular domain or area, or it can be created deliberately with the goal of gaining knowledge related to a specific field. It is through the process of sharing information and experiences with the group that members learn from each other, and have an opportunity to develop personally and professionally . CoPs can exist in physical settings, for example, a lunchroom at work, a field setting, a factory floor, or elsewhere in the environment, but members of CoPs do not have to be co-located. They form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
