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Morrosaurus
''Morrosaurus'' is an extinct genus of herbivorous ornithopod dinosaur member of the Elasmaria, that lived in the late Cretaceous in the Antarctica. The only known species is the type ''Morrosaurus antarcticus''. Discovery In 2002 the Argentine paleontologist Fernando Novas reported the discovery of a partial skeleton of a euornithopod in Antarctica.Novas, F.E., A.V. Cambiaso, J. Lirio, & H. Núñez, 2002, "Paleobiogeografía de los dinosaurios cretácicos polares de Gondwana", ''Ameghiniana'' (Resúmenes) 39(4): 15R In 2016 these remains were the basis for naming the type species ''Morrosaurus antarcticus'', named and described by Sebastian Rozadilla, Federico Lisandro Agnolin, Fernando Emilio Novas, Alexis Rolando Aranciaga Mauro, Matthew J. Motta, Juan Manuel Lirio Marcelo, and Pablo Isasi. The genus name refers to the site of El Morro on James Ross Island, where the remains of the species were found. The specific name refers to Antarctica. The holotype specimen MACN Pv 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talenkauen
''Talenkauen'' is a genus of basal iguanodont dinosaur from the Campanian or Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous Cerro Fortaleza Formation, formerly known as the Pari Aike Formation of Patagonian Lake Viedma, in the Austral Basin of Santa Cruz, Argentina. It is based on MPM-10001A, a partial articulated skeleton missing the rear part of the skull, the tail, and the hands. The type and only species is ''Talenkauen santacrucensis''. Discovery and naming One among a string of discoveries of ornithopods in South America, following taxa such as ''Gasparinisaura'' and ''Anabisetia'', the specimen that would become ''Talenkauen'' was collected in February 2000 and would later be described and named in a short 2004 paper by Fernando E. Novas and colleagues. It was discovered on Los Hornos Hill on the coast of Viedma Lake, in the Santa Cruz Province region of Argentina. Geologically, it hails from the Cerro Fortaleza Formation. The holotype specimen is MPM–10001A, a relati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Ross Island
James Ross Island is a large island off the southeast side and near the northeastern extremity of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which it is separated by Prince Gustav Channel. Rising to , it is irregularly shaped and extends in a north–south direction. It was charted in October 1903 by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskiöld, who named it for Sir James Clark Ross, the leader of a British expedition to this area in 1842 that discovered and roughly charted a number of points along the eastern side of the island. The style, "James" Ross Island is used to avoid confusion with the more widely known Ross Island in McMurdo Sound. It is one of several islands around the peninsula known as Graham Land, which is closer to South America than any other part of that continent. The island was connected to the Antarctic mainland by an ice shelf until 1995, when the ice shelf collapsed, making the Prince Gustav Channel passable for the first time. Mendel Polar Station, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasparinisaura
''Gasparinisaura'' (meaning "Gasparini's lizard") is a genus of herbivorous ornithopod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. The first fossils of ''Gasparinisaura'' were found in 1992 near Cinco Saltos in Río Negro Province, Argentina. The type species, ''Gasparinisaura cincosaltensis'', was named and described in 1996 by Rodolfo Coria and Leonardo Salgado. The generic name honors Argentine palaeontologist Zulma Brandoni de Gasparini. The specific name refers to Cinco Saltos.Coria, R. A., and L. Salgado. (1996). "A basal iguanodontian (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Late Cretaceous of South America". ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'' 16: 445–457 Discovery The holotype, MUCPv-208, was uncovered in a layer of the Anacleto Formation, dating from the early Campanian, about 83 million years old. It consists of a partial skeleton with skull, lacking much of the vertebral column. The paratype is MUCPv-212, a tail with lower hindlimb elements. In 1997, three additional spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snow Hill Island Formation
The Snow Hill Island Formation is an Maastrichtian, Early Maastrichtian geologic Formation (geology), formation found on James Ross Island, James Ross Island group, Antarctica. Remains of a Paraves, paravian Theropoda, theropod ''Imperobator antarcticus''Ely & Case, 2019 have been recovered from it, as well as the elasmarian ornithopods ''Trinisaura santamartaensis'', ''List of informally named dinosaurs#Biscoveosaurus, Biscoveosaurus'' and ''Morrosaurus antarcticus'', the ankylosaurian ''Antarctopelta oliveroi'', and the shark ''Notidanodon'' sp. Alongside these described genera are also the remains of indeterminate Elasmosauridae, elasmosaurids,O'Gorman, 2012, p.2 lithostrotian titanosaurs and an indeterminate pterosaur. In the Herbert Sound Member of the Snow Hill Island Formation, bivalves, ammonites, and fish were found.O'Gorman, 2012, p.3 Fossil content See also * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Antarctica * List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations * So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antarctica
Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of . Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of . Antarctica is, on average, the coldest, driest, and windiest of the continents, and it has the highest average elevation. It is mainly a polar desert, with annual precipitation of over along the coast and far less inland. About 70% of the world's freshwater reserves are frozen in Antarctica, which, if melted, would raise global sea levels by almost . Antarctica holds the record for the lowest measured temperature on Earth, . The coastal regions can reach temperatures over in summer. Native species of animals include mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Where vegetation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notohypsilophodon
''Notohypsilophodon'' (meaning "southern ''Hypsilophodon''") is a genus of ornithopod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina. It was described as the only "hypsilophodont" known from South America, although this assessment is not universally supported, and ''Gasparinisaura'' is now believed to have been a basal euornithopod as well. History of discovery From 1985 onwards the ''Laboratorio de Paleovertebrados'' of the Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco" organised excavations in the late Cenomanian- early Turonian-age Bajo Barreal Formation of the San Jorge Basin, northern Chubut, Patagonia. At Buen Pasto near Comodoro Rivadavia a partial juvenile skeleton lacking the skull, was found. In 1998 this find was named and described by Rubén D. Martínez as the type species ''Notohypsilophodon comodorensis''. The generic name combines a Greek νότος, ''notos'', "south wind" with the name of the genus ''Hypsilophodon''. The specific name refers to Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anabisetia
''Anabisetia'' ( ) is a genus of ornithopod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of Patagonia, South America. It was a small bipedal herbivore, around long. Discovery Argentine paleontologists Rodolfo Coria and Jorge Orlando Calvo named ''Anabisetia'' in 2002. The generic name honors the late Ana Maria Biset, an influential archeologist from Neuquén Province in Argentina, where the remains of this animal were found. The one named species is called ''A. saldiviai'', after Roberto Saldivia Blanco, a local farmer who had discovered the fossils in 1985 and brought them to the attention of science in 1993.Coria, R.A. & Calvo, J.O. 2002. A new iguanodontian ornithopod from Neuquen Basin, Patagonia, Argentina. ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology''. 22(3): 503–509 The finds had already been reported in the scientific literature in 1996. There are four specimens known, all listed in the original 2002 description. The holotype, MCF-PVPH 74, is the most complete of the four. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elasmaria
Elasmaria is a clade of ornithopods known from Cretaceous deposits in South America, Antarctica, and Australia that contains many bipedal ornithopods that were previously considered "hypsilophodonts".Madzia, Daniel; Boyd, Clint A.; Mazuch, Martin (2017). "A basal ornithopod dinosaur from the Cenomanian of the Czech Republic". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology: 1–13. doi:10.1080/14772019.2017.1371258. Classification Calvo ''et al.'' (2007) coined Elasmaria to accommodate '' Macrogryphosaurus'' and ''Talenkauen'', which they recovered as basal iguanodonts distinct from other iguanodontians in having mineralized plates on the ribs. In 2016, a paper describing the genus ''Morrosaurus'' found Elasmaria to be far larger than its initial contents of two taxa, instead containing a variety of ornithopods from the Southern Hemisphere. In 2019, Matthew C. Herne and colleagues redefined Elasmaria as "all taxa closer to ''Macrogryphosaurus gondwanicus'' and ''Talenkauen santacrucensis'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lopez De Bertodano Formation
The Lopez de Bertodano Formation is a geological formation in the James Ross archipelago of the Antarctic Peninsula. The strata date from the end of the Late Cretaceous (upper-lower Maastrichtian stage) to the Danian stage of the lower Paleocene, from about 70 to 65.5 million years ago, straddling the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary The Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–Pg) crops out on Seymour Island in the upper levels of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation. A small (but significant) iridium anomaly occurs at the boundary on Seymour Island, as at lower latitudes, thought to be fallout from the Chicxulub impactor in the Gulf of Mexico. Directly above the boundary a layer of disarticulated fish fossils occurs, victims of a disturbed ecosystem immediately following the impact event. Multiple reports have described evidence for climatic changes in Antarctica prior to the mass extinction, but the extent to which these affected marine biodiversity is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinisaura
''Trinisaura'' is an extinct genus of ornithopod dinosaur known from the lower levels of the Late Cretaceous Snow Hill Island Formation (early Maastrichtian stage) of James Ross Island, Antarctica. It contains a single species, ''Trinisaura santamartaensis''. Discovery and naming The species was in 2013 named by Rodolfo Aníbal Coria e.a. The generic name honours the geologist Trinidad Diaz. The specific name refers to the Santa Marta Cove site where the specimen was in 2008 found by Coria and Juan José Moly. That same year, the find was reported in the scientific literature.Coria, R.A., Moly, J.J., Reguero, M., Santillana, S., 2008, "Nuevos restos de Ornithopoda (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) de la Fm. Santa Marta, Isla J. Ross, Antártida", ''Ameghiniana'' 45(4), Supl., 25R The holotype, MLP-III-1-1, consists of a partial skeleton lacking the skull, of a subadult individual about in length. Phylogeny The cladogram below follows Coria ''et al.'', 2013 phylogenetic analys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malleolus
A malleolus is the bony prominence on each side of the human ankle. Each leg is supported by two bones, the tibia on the inner side (medial) of the leg and the fibula on the outer side (lateral) of the leg. The medial malleolus is the prominence on the inner side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the tibia. The lateral malleolus is the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula. The word ''malleolus'' (), plural ''malleoli'' (), comes from Latin and means "small hammer". (It is cognate with ''mallet''.) Medial malleolus The medial malleolus is found at the foot end of the tibia. The medial surface of the lower extremity of tibia is prolonged downward to form a strong pyramidal process, flattened from without inward - the medial malleolus. * The ''medial surface'' of this process is convex and subcutaneous. * The ''lateral'' or ''articular surface'' is smooth and slightly concave, and articulates with the talus. * The ''anterior bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iguanodontia
Iguanodontia (the iguanodonts) is a clade of herbivorous dinosaurs that lived from the Middle Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. Some members include ''Camptosaurus'', ''Dryosaurus'', ''Iguanodon'', ''Tenontosaurus'', and the hadrosaurids or "duck-billed dinosaurs". Iguanodontians were one of the first groups of dinosaurs to be found. They are among the best known of the dinosaurs, and were among the most diverse and widespread herbivorous dinosaur groups of the Cretaceous period. Classification Iguanodontia is often listed as an infraorder within a suborder Ornithopoda, though Benton (2004) lists Ornithopoda as an infraorder and does not rank Iguanodontia. Traditionally, iguanodontians were grouped into the superfamily Iguanodontoidea and family Iguanodontidae. However, phylogenetic studies show that the traditional "iguanodontids" are a paraphyletic grade leading up to the hadrosaurs (duck-billed dinosaurs). Groups like Iguanodontoidea are sometimes still used as unranked clades ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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