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Morning Star Flag
The Morning Star flag ( id, Bendera Bintang Kejora, nl, Morgenstervlag) was a flag used in a supplemental fashion on Netherlands New Guinea to the flag of the Netherlands. It was first raised on 1 December 1961 prior to the territory coming under administration of the United Nations Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA) on 1 October 1962. The flag is used by the Free Papua Organization and other independence supporters. Under Papua's ''Special Autonomy Law'', ratified in 2002, the flag may be raised in Western New Guinea (West Papua) region so long as the flag of Indonesia is also raised and it is higher than the Morning Star flag. The flag consists of a red vertical band along the hoist side, with a white five-pointed star in the center, and thirteen horizontal stripes, alternating blue and white, with seven blue stripes and six white ones. The seven blue stripes represent the seven customary territories of the region. History After territorial elections in February 1961, mem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolaas Jouwe
Nicolaas Jouwe (24 November 1923 – 16 September 2017) was a Papuan leader who was selected to be vice president of the New Guinea Council that governed the Dutch colony of Netherlands New Guinea. As the president of the New Guinea Council was the Dutch civil servant Frits Sollewijn Gelpke, Jouwe was the highest ranking Papuan politician in the colony. During Japanese occupation, He alongside Johan Ariks, Frans Kaisiepo and Markus Kaisiepo were member of Japanese Kenpeitai. In 1945 he was listed as among the students in school of bestuur in Kota NICA (Jayapura), which became the first generation of Papuan elites. Among the school students were Frans Kaisiepo, Lukas Rumkoren, Yan Waromi, Cornelis Krey, Marthen Indey, Silas Papare, G. Saweri, Samuel D. Kawab. On 31 August 1945, during Queen Wilhelminna birthday celebration in Bosnik (East Biak), Jouwe, which at the time was known as Indonesian nationalist, alongside Corinus Krey, Frans Kaisiepo, Marcus Kaisiepo alongside others w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hai Tanahku Papua
Hai Tanahku Papua ("Oh My Land Papua") was an anthem of Netherlands New Guinea and of the unilaterally declared Republic of West Papua. History The anthem was composed by the Dutch missionary Rev. Izaak Samuel Kijne during the 1930s. After the Dutch-supervised election of a regional parliament, the New Guinea Council ( nl, Nieuw Guinea Raad), a group was formed on 19 October 1961 to elect a national committee. The committee drafted a manifesto for independence and self-government, a national flag (the Morning Star Flag), state seal, selected "Hai Tanahku Papua" as a national anthem, and called for the people to be known as Papuans. The New Guinea Council voted unanimously in favour of these proposals on 30 October 1961, and on 31 October 1961 presented the Morning Star flag and manifesto to Governor-General Pieter Johannes Platteel. The Dutch recognized the flag and anthem on 18 November 1961 (Government Gazettes of Dutch New Guinea No. 68 & 69), and these ordinances came into e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Activism Flags
Activism (or Advocacy) consists of efforts to promote, impede, direct or intervene in social, political, economic or environmental reform with the desire to make changes in society toward a perceived greater good. Forms of activism range from mandate building in a community (including writing letters to newspapers), petitioning elected officials, running or contributing to a political campaign, preferential patronage (or boycott) of businesses, and demonstrative forms of activism like rallies, street marches, strikes, sit-ins, or hunger strikes. Activism may be performed on a day-to-day basis in a wide variety of ways, including through the creation of art (artivism), computer hacking (hacktivism), or simply in how one chooses to spend their money (economic activism). For example, the refusal to buy clothes or other merchandise from a company as a protest against the exploitation of workers by that company could be considered an expression of activism. However, the most h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of West Papua
The Coat of arms of West Papua was adopted in 1971, when a proposed Republic of West Papua was declared. The design on the shield was in the form of the flag of former Netherlands New Guinea, the Morning Star flag. The shield is supported by a Mambruk pigeon, who holds a drum in its dexter claw and a bundle of arrows in its sinister claw also, and surrounded by an arch in chief with the motto "''One People, One Soul''". The coat of arms is inspired by the frontispiece of a pamphlet entitled "" ( en, "The Papua’s call for the Netherlands") published in 1951. See also *Free Papua Movement *Coat of arms of Netherlands New Guinea The coat of arms of Dutch New Guinea was one of a number of national symbols chosen by the Papuan representative body the New Guinea Council in 1961. The coat of arms was not however recorded in the National Committee October 1961 manifesto unlik ... References West Papua Western New Guinea {{heraldry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coat Of Arms Of Netherlands New Guinea
The coat of arms of Dutch New Guinea was one of a number of national symbols chosen by the Papuan representative body the New Guinea Council in 1961. The coat of arms was not however recorded in the National Committee October 1961 manifesto unlike the flag and anthem. The design on the shield incorporated the new Morning Star flag. The shield was supported by two Lesser bird-of-paradise, lesser birds-of-paradise (''Paradisaea minor'') and surrounded by a garland of local flowers and a scroll bearing the motto "Setia, djudjur, Mesra" (Loyal, Honest, Affectionate). See also *Free Papua Movement *Morning Star flag *Hai Tanahku Papua *Coat of arms of West Papua, Coat of arms of the proposed Republic of West Papua References National coats of arms, Dutch New Guinea Western New Guinea Netherlands New Guinea Coats of arms with birds, Dutch New Guinea Coats of arms with stars, Dutch New Guinea Dutch coats of arms, Dutch New Guinea {{heraldry-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free Papua Movement
"Free Papua Movement" ( id, Organisasi Papua Merdeka, OPM, tpi, Fri Wes Papua Grup) is an umbrella term for the independence movement established during 1965 in the West Papuan or West New Guinea territory which is currently being administrated by Indonesia as the provinces of Papua and West Papua, also formerly known as Papua, Irian Jaya and West Irian. The movement consists of three elements: a disparate group of armed units each with limited territorial control with no single commander; several groups in the territory that conduct demonstrations and protests; and a small group of leaders based abroad that raise awareness of issues in the territory whilst striving for international support for independence. Since its inception the OPM has attempted diplomatic dialogue, conducted Morning Star flag-raising ceremonies, and undertaken militant actions as part of the Papua conflict. Supporters routinely display the Morning Star flag and other symbols of Papuan unity, such as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom. The organization says it has more than ten million members and supporters around the world. The stated mission of the organization is to campaign for "a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights instruments." The organization has played a notable role on human rights issues due to its frequent citation in media and by world leaders. AI was founded in London in 1961 by the lawyer Peter Benenson. Its original focus was prisoners of conscience, with its remit widening in the 1970s, under the leadership of Seán MacBride and Martin Ennals to include miscarriages of justice and torture. In 1977, it was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In the 1980s, its secretary general was Thomas Hammarberg, succeeded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayapura
Jayapura (formerly Dutch: ''Hollandia'') is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Papua. It is situated on the northern coast of New Guinea island and covers an area of . The city borders the Pacific Ocean and Yos Sudarso Bay to the north, the sovereign state of Papua New Guinea to the east, Keerom Regency to the south, and Jayapura Regency to the west. With a population of 398,478 according to the 2020 census, Jayapura is the most populous city in the entire island of New Guinea, surpassing Port Moresby, the national capital of Papua New Guinea. It is also the fastest-growing city in Indonesia, with the population increasing by 55.23% since the previous census in 2010. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 404,004. Jayapura is the fourth largest city by economy in Eastern Indonesia—after Makassar, Denpasar, and Manado—with an estimated 2016 GDP at Rp19.48 trillion. As of 2017, it is also the second-most expensive Indonesian city to live in, aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yusak Pakage
Yusak Pakage (born 1979) is an Indonesian activist for Papuan independence, best known for his 2005–2010 imprisonment for raising the pro-independence Morning Star flag. Flag-raising incident In December 2004, at the age of 26, Pakage and activist Filep Karma raised the Morning Star flag at a rally of 200 people outside of Abepura, Papua Province. According to Amnesty International, police then fired on the crowd and advanced with batons, arresting Karma. Pakage later protested Karma's arrest at the police station and was arrested himself. In January 2005, Pakage and Karma were on trial for treason before the Jayapura District Court. The prosecutor accused Pakage of having "damaged the sovereignty of Indonesia". In May, Papuan independence supporters clashed with police outside the courthouse, throwing bottles and rocks while police fought the crowd with batons. The police commander in charge of the operation was found guilty of human rights violations and replaced sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filep Karma
Filep Jacob Semuel Karma (14 August 1959 – 1 November 2022) was a West Papua independence activist. On 1 December 2004, he helped raise the Morning Star flag at a ceremony in Jayapura, for which he was charged with treason and given a fifteen-year prison sentence. Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch protested on his behalf, the former designating him a prisoner of conscience. He was released on 19 November 2015. Background Born in 1959 in Jayapura, Dutch New Guinea, Karma was raised in an upper-class family active in local politics. His father, Andreas Karma, was a civil servant educated by the Dutch who had continued to work in the Indonesian government after independence, serving as a regent of Wamena and Serui, and , one of Filep Karma's cousins, served as deputy governor of Papua. Filep Karma was influenced as a child by a midnight raid on his home by Indonesian soldiers who broke the family's furniture. The raid resulted from a false tipoff mistaking two visi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free West Papua Protest Melbourne August 2012
Free may refer to: Concept * Freedom, having the ability to do something, without having to obey anyone/anything * Freethought, a position that beliefs should be formed only on the basis of logic, reason, and empiricism * Emancipate, to procure political rights, as for a disenfranchised group * Free will, control exercised by rational agents over their actions and decisions * Free of charge, also known as gratis. See Gratis vs libre. Computing * Free (programming), a function that releases dynamically allocated memory for reuse * Free format, a file format which can be used without restrictions * Free software, software usable and distributable with few restrictions and no payment * Freeware, a broader class of software available at no cost Mathematics * Free object ** Free abelian group ** Free algebra ** Free group ** Free module ** Free semigroup * Free variable People * Free (surname) * Free (rapper) (born 1968), or Free Marie, American rapper and media personality ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
