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Monastery Of Iranzu
The Royal Monastery of Saint Mary of Iranzu is a Roman Catholic monastery located in Abárzuza, Navarre, Spain. It was founded by Pedro de Artajona in the late 12th century, being Artajona's place of burial upon his death in 1193.Esteban de GaribayLos quarenta libros del compendio historial de las chronicas book XXIII, ch. XIIII. The Cistercian Order had a large part in its building throughout the 12th century. It was one of many Spanish monasteries Ecclesiastical confiscations of Mendizábal, dissolved in the 1830s, although in the first years of the decade it was protected by the Carlism, Carlists. The monastery was dissolved in 1839 after the Convention of Vergara, and was confiscated by the State. It was abandoned and became ruinous until 1942, when the Provincial Government of Navarre refurbished it. One year after, a Theatines, Theatine Fathers community was established there. Architecture The Cistercian architecture, Cistercian-style church was built during 12th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ecclesiastical Confiscations Of Mendizábal
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Renaissance Architecture
Renaissance architecture is the European architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 16th centuries in different regions, demonstrating a conscious revival and development of certain elements of Ancient Greece, ancient Greek and Ancient Rome, Roman thought and material culture. Stylistically, Renaissance architecture followed Gothic architecture and was succeeded by Baroque architecture. Developed first in Florence, with Filippo Brunelleschi as one of its innovators, the Renaissance style quickly spread to other Italian cities. The style was carried to Spain, France, Germany, England, Russia and other parts of Europe at different dates and with varying degrees of impact. Renaissance style places emphasis on symmetry, proportion (architecture), proportion, geometry and the regularity of parts, as demonstrated in the architecture of classical antiquity and in particular ancient Roman architecture, of which many examples remained. Orderly arrangements of columns, pi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gothic Architecture
Gothic architecture (or pointed architecture) is an architectural style that was prevalent in Europe from the late 12th to the 16th century, during the High and Late Middle Ages, surviving into the 17th and 18th centuries in some areas. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. It originated in the Île-de-France and Picardy regions of northern France. The style at the time was sometimes known as ''opus Francigenum'' (lit. French work); the term ''Gothic'' was first applied contemptuously during the later Renaissance, by those ambitious to revive the architecture of classical antiquity. The defining design element of Gothic architecture is the pointed or ogival arch. The use of the pointed arch in turn led to the development of the pointed rib vault and flying buttresses, combined with elaborate tracery and stained glass windows. At the Abbey of Saint-Denis, near Paris, the choir was reconstructed between 1140 and 1144, draw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cloister
A cloister (from Latin ''claustrum'', "enclosure") is a covered walk, open gallery, or open arcade running along the walls of buildings and forming a quadrangle or garth. The attachment of a cloister to a cathedral or church, commonly against a warm southern flank, usually indicates that it is (or once was) part of a monastic foundation, "forming a continuous and solid architectural barrier... that effectively separates the world of the monks from that of the serfs and workmen, whose lives and works went forward outside and around the cloister." Cloistered (or ''claustral'') life is also another name for the monastic life of a monk or nun. The English term ''enclosure'' is used in contemporary Catholic church law translations to mean cloistered, and some form of the Latin parent word "claustrum" is frequently used as a metonymic name for ''monastery'' in languages such as German. History of the cloister Historically, the early medieval cloister had several antecedents: the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistercian Architecture
Cistercian architecture is a style of architecture associated with the churches, monasteries and abbeys of the Roman Catholic Cistercian Order. It was heavily influenced by Abbot Bernard of Clairvaux (d. 1153), who believed that churches should avoid superfluous ornamentation so as not to distract from prayer. Cistercian architecture was simple and utilitarian. Although a few images of religious subjects were allowed, such as the crucifix, elaborate figures common in medieval churches were prohibited. Bernard noted their capacity for distracting monks in a famous letter. Early Cistercian architecture shows a transition between Romanesque and Gothic architecture. Later abbeys were constructed in Renaissance and Baroque styles, which were more ornate by nature. In terms of construction, buildings were made where possible of smooth, pale, stone. Columns, pillars and windows fell at the same base level, and if plastering was done at all, it was kept extremely simple. The sanctuary k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theatines
The Theatines officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular ( la, Ordo Clericorum Regularium), abreviated CR, is a Catholic order of clerics regular of Pontifical Right for men founded by Archbishop Gian Pietro Carafa in Sept. 14, 1524. Its members add the nominal letters C.R. after their names to indicate their membership in the Congregation. Foundation The order was founded by Saint Cajetan (Gaetano dei Conti di Thiene), Paolo Consiglieri, Bonifacio da Colle, and Giovanni Pietro Carafa (afterwards Pope Paul IV). Carafa was Bishop of Chieti; Chieti (Theate) is a city of the Abruzzi in Central Italy, from which the congregation adopted its specific name, to distinguish it from other congregations (Barnabites, Somaschi, Caracciolini, etc.) modelled upon it. The Theatines combined the pursuit of evangelical perfection traditional among religious orders with apostolic service generally expected of diocesan clergy. It was Caraffa who wrote the constitutions of the order. Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Convention Of Vergara
The Convention of Vergara ( es, Convenio de Vergara, eu, Bergarako hitzarmena), entered into on 31 August 1839, was a treaty successfully ending the major fighting in Spain's First Carlist War. The treaty, also known by many other names including the Embrace of Vergara ( es, Abrazo de Vergara), was signed by Baldomero Espartero for the ''Isabella II of Spain, Isabelines'' (or "Constitutionalists") and Rafael Maroto for the Carlism, Carlists. The two generals met at the hermitage of San Antolín de Abadiano near Durango, Biscay. The United Kingdom, British commissioner Colonel Wylde attended as an observer, because of Britain's recent role as mediator in the conflict and the Lord Eliot Convention on prisoners of war. Also present was Brigadier Francisco Linage, secretary to Espartero. Initially, negotiations were stymied by the matter of Fuero#Basque and Pyrenean fueros, home rule (''fueros''), the specific institutional and legal framework of the Southern Basque Country, Basqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlism
Carlism ( eu, Karlismo; ca, Carlisme; ; ) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty – one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855) – on the Spanish throne. The movement was founded in consequence of a dispute over the succession laws and widespread dissatisfaction with the Alfonsine line of the House of Bourbon. It was at its strongest in the 1830s but experienced a revival following Spain's defeat in the Spanish–American War in 1898, when Spain lost its last remaining significant overseas territories of the Philippines, Cuba, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the United States. Carlism was a significant force in Spanish politics from 1833 until the end of the Francoist regime in 1975. In this capacity, it was the cause of the Carlist Wars of the 19th century and an important factor in the Spanish Civil War in the 1930s. Today, Carlists are a minor party. Origins The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cistercian Order
The Cistercians, () officially the Order of Cistercians ( la, (Sacer) Ordo Cisterciensis, abbreviated as OCist or SOCist), are a Catholic religious order of monks and nuns that branched off from the Benedictines and follow the Rule of Saint Benedict, as well as the contributions of the highly-influential Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, known as the Latin Rule. They are also known as Bernardines, after Saint Bernard himself, or as White Monks, in reference to the colour of the "cuculla" or cowl (choir robe) worn by the Cistercians over their habits, as opposed to the black cowl worn by Benedictines. The term ''Cistercian'' derives from ''Cistercium,'' the Latin name for the locale of Cîteaux, near Dijon in eastern France. It was here that a group of Benedictine monks from the monastery of Molesme Abbey, Molesme founded Cîteaux Abbey in 1098, with the goal of following more closely the Rule of Saint Benedict. The best known of them were Robert of Molesme, Alb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esteban De Garibay
Esteban de Garibay y Zamalloa, sometimes rendered as Çamalloa, was a Basque historian and writer. Biography Garibay was born in the Basques, Basque town of Mondragon, Spain, Mondragon and initially trained to be a monk, although he left and was married later on. He studied at the University of Oñati, which was founded a few years after his birth and was the only university in Basque Country (autonomous community), Spanish Basque country, although he did not graduate. Garibay traveled widely throughout the Iberian Peninsula, including places such as Portugal and Andalusia in addition to eminent Spanish cities such as Seville, Toledo, Spain, Toledo, and Madrid. He involved himself in the political life of these areas and, as a result, was able to write a collective history of Spain itself, which began with Creation in Christianity, Creation and ending with Pelagius of Asturias, King Pelayo. He traveled to Antwerp to publish his ''Compendio historia'' at Christophe Plantin's publi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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