Mogroside
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Mogroside
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Mogroside II E
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1, Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside II A1, 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2, Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthe ...
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Mogroside II A1
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Mogroside III A2
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Mogroside II B
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Mogroside VI
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Mogroside V
A mogroside is a glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' (known as monkfruit or luo han guo).Subhuti Dharmananda (January 2004)"Luo han guo - Sweet fruit used as sugar substitute and medicinal herb" Institute for Traditional Medicine, Portland, Oregon. Mogrosides are extracted from ''S. grosvenorii'' and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes. Mogrosides Mogrosides include: * Mogrol * Mogroside II A1 * Mogroside II B * 7-Oxomogroside II E * 11-Oxomogroside A1 * Mogroside III A2 * 11-Deoxymogroside III * 11-Oxomogroside IV A * Mogroside V * 7-Oxomogroside V * 11-Oxo-mogroside V * Mogroside VI Mogroside V is the main component of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' fruit, constituting 0.5% to 1.4% of the dried fruit. Biosynthesis One analysis of 200 candidate genes of ''Siraitia grosvenorii'' revealed five enzyme families involved in the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpe ...
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Siraitia Grosvenorii
''Siraitia grosvenorii'', also known as monkfruit or ''luohan guo'', is a herbaceous perennial vine of the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. It is native to southern China. The plant is cultivated for its fruit extract, called mogrosides, which creates a sweetness sensation 250 times stronger than sucrose. Mogroside extract has been used as a low-calorie sweetener for drinks and in traditional Chinese medicine. The scientific species name honors Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor, who, as president of the National Geographic Society, helped to fund an expedition in the 1930s to find the living plant in China where it was already being cultivated. Etymology and regional names The fruit was first mentioned in the records of 13th-century Chinese monks in Guangxi in the region of Guilin. The difficulty of cultivation meant the fruit did not become part of the Chinese herbal tradition which depended on more readily available products. ''Luóhàn'' (羅漢) is a shortened form of ''āluóhàn'' (), ...
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Sugar Substitute
A sugar substitute is a food additive that provides a sweetness like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy than sugar-based sweeteners, making it a zero-calorie () or low-calorie sweetener. Artificial sweeteners may be derived through manufacturing of plant extracts or processed by chemical synthesis. Sugar substitute products are commercially available in various forms, such as small pills, powders, and packets. In North America, common sugar substitutes include aspartame, monk fruit extract, saccharin, sucralose, and stevia; cyclamate is also used outside the United States. These sweeteners are a fundamental ingredient in diet drinks to sweeten them without adding calories. Additionally, sugar alcohols such as erythritol, xylitol, and sorbitol are derived from sugars. Approved artificial sweeteners do not cause cancer. Reviews and dietetic professionals have concluded that moderate use of non-nutritive sweeteners as a safe replacement for sugars can he ...
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Cucurbitane
Cucurbitane is a class of chemical compounds with formula ( CAS number 65441-59-0). It is a polycyclic hydrocarbon, specifically triterpene. It is also an isomer of lanostane (specifically 19(10→9β)-abeolanostane), from which it differs by the formal shift of a methyl group (carbon number 19) from the 10 to the 9β position in the standard steroid numbering scheme.Satish Kumar and Raj Kumar (1991), ''Dictionary of Biochemistry''. Anmol Publications, India The name is applied to two stereoisomers, distinguished by the prefixes 5α- and 5β-, which differ by the handedness of the bonds at a particular carbon atom (number 5 in the standard steroid numbering scheme). File:5alpha-cucurbitane.svg, 5α-Cucurbitane File:5beta-cucurbitane.svg, 5β-Cucurbitane Derivatives Natural compounds Compounds with the basic cucurbitane skeleton are found in many plants, and some are important phytopharmaceuticals. Natural cucurbitane-related compounds include: Named * Balsaminapentaol, ...
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Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a Protein superfamily, superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor (biochemistry), cofactor that functions as monooxygenases. In mammals, these proteins oxidize steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics, and are important for the clearance (pharmacology), clearance of various compounds, as well as for hormone synthesis and breakdown. In 1963, Ronald W. Estabrook, Estabrook, David Y. Cooper, Cooper, and Otto Rosenthal, Rosenthal described the role of CYP as a catalyst in steroid hormone synthesis and drug metabolism. In plants, these proteins are important for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolite, defensive compounds, fatty acids, and hormones. CYP enzymes have been identified in all kingdom (biology), kingdoms of life: animals, plants, fungus, fungi, protists, bacteria, and archaea, as well as in viruses. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in ''Escherichia coli''. , more than 300,000 distinct CYP proteins ...
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Epoxide Hydrolase
Epoxide hydrolases (EH's), also known as epoxide hydratases, are enzymes that metabolize compounds that contain an epoxide residue; they convert this residue to two hydroxyl residues through an epoxide hydrolysis reaction to form diol products. Several enzymes possess EH activity. Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (epoxide hydrolase 1, EH1, or mEH), soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH, epoxide hydrolase 2, EH2, or cytoplasmic epoxide hydrolase), and the more recently discovered but not as yet well defined functionally, epoxide hydrolase 3 (EH3) and epoxide hydrolase 4 (EH4) are structurally closely related isozymes. Other enzymes with epoxide hydrolase activity include leukotriene A4 hydrolase, Cholesterol-5,6-oxide hydrolase, MEST (gene) (Peg1/MEST), and Hepoxilin-epoxide hydrolase. The hydrolases are distinguished from each other by their substrate preferences and, directly related to this, their functions. Epoxide hydrolase types mEH (EH1), sEH (EH2), EH3, and EH4 isozymes Human ...
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List Of Elsevier Periodicals
This is a list of scientific, technical and general interest periodicals published by Elsevier or one of its imprints or subsidiary companies. Both printed items and electronic publications are included in this list. A B C D E F G H * ''Heart Rhythm'' * ''Historia Mathematica'' * ''Human Immunology'' I J L M N O P R S T U * '' Ultramicroscopy'' * ''Urology'' V * '' Veterinary Microbiology'' W Z * '' Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen'' See also References {{RELX Periodicals Elsevier Elsevier () is a Dutch academic publishing company specializing in scientific, technical, and medical content. Its products include journals such as ''The Lancet'', ''Cell'', the ScienceDirect collection of electronic journals, '' Trends'', th ... ...
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