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Modern Spiritualists
Spiritualism may refer to: Religion * Spiritualism (beliefs), the belief that spirits of the dead can communicate with the living * Spiritualism (movement), a 19th and 20th century religious movement postulating the belief that spirits of the dead residing in the spirit world have both the ability and the inclination to communicate with the living. * Spiritual church movement, a religious movement with historically African American membership and Christian forms of worship that developed in the United States in the wake of the expulsion of black members from primarily white Spiritualist denominations * Espiritismo, a cultural variation on Spiritism and Spiritualism, popular in Latin American nations Philosophy * Spiritualism (philosophy), the idea that there exists an immaterial reality that is beyond the reach of the senses See also * Spiritism (other) * Spirituality The meaning of ''spirituality'' has developed and expanded over time, and various meanings can b ...
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Spiritualism (beliefs)
Spiritualism is a metaphysical belief that the world is made up of at least two fundamental substances, matter and spirit. This very broad metaphysical distinction is further developed into many and various forms by the inclusion of details about what spiritual entities exist such as a soul, the afterlife, spirits of the dead, deities and mediums; as well as details about the nature of the relationship between spirit and matter. It may also refer to the philosophy, doctrine, or religion pertaining to a spiritual aspect of existence. It is also a term commonly used for various psychic or paranormal practices and beliefs recorded throughout humanity's history and in a variety of cultures. Spiritualistic traditions appear deeply rooted in shamanism and perhaps are one of the oldest forms of religion. Mediumship is a modern form of shamanism and such ideas are very much like those developed by Edward Burnett Tylor in his theory of animism, in which there are other parallel worlds to ...
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Spiritualism (movement)
Spiritualism is a social religious Social movement, movement primarily popular in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries according to which an individual's Afterlife, awareness persists after death and may be Séance, contacted by the living. The afterlife, or the "Spirit world (Spiritualism), spirit world", is seen by spiritualists not as a static place, but as one in which spirits continue to evolve. These two beliefs—that contact with spirits is possible, and that spirits are more advanced than humans—lead spiritualists to the belief that spirits are capable of providing useful insight regarding morality, moral and ethical issues, as well as about the nature of God. Some spiritualists speak of a concept which they refer to as "spirit guides"—specific spirits, often contacted, who are relied upon for spiritual guidance... Emanuel Swedenborg has some claim to be the father of spiritualism. Spiritualism developed and reached its peak growth in membership from the 184 ...
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Spiritual Church Movement
The spiritual church movement is an informal name for a group of loosely allied and also independent Spiritualist churches and Spiritualist denominations that have in common that they have been historically based in the African American community. Many of them owe their origin to the evangelical work of Leafy Anderson, a Black religious leader of the early 20th century who was born in Wisconsin and in 1913 founded the Eternal Life Christian Spiritualist Association. In 1920 she relocated to New Orleans, Louisiana, where she demonstrated mediumship by bringing messages from her spirit guide Black Hawk, a historical war leader of the Native American Sauk tribe, who had lived near where she was born. Although the churches founded by Anderson are often associated with New Orleans, the spiritual church movement has always been national in scope. It spread quickly throughout America during the 1920s, and one impetus for its diffusion was that in 1922, the National Spiritualist As ...
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Espiritismo
''Espiritismo'' (Portuguese and Spanish for "Spiritism") is a term used in Latin America and the Caribbean to refer to the popular belief that good and evil spirits can affect health, luck and other aspects of human life.Helping Elderly Hispanics Manage Health Problems
, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita.


History

The phenomenon and broad range of beliefs defined as "Espiritismo" originated with the ideas of defined by . His Spiritism would become popular in Latin America and influence existing r ...
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Spiritualism (philosophy)
In philosophy, spiritualism is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.''Encyclopædia Britannica''"Spiritualism (in philosophy)" britannica.com This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a universal mind or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely materialistic interpretations. Generally, any philosophical position, be it dualism, monism, atheism, theism, pantheism, idealism or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter. Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism. Notable spiritualist thinkers *Aristotle *Henri Bergson *Maine de Biran *F. H. Bradley *Victor Cousin''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Brahman to Derrida'', Taylor ...
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Spiritism (other)
Spiritism (French: ''spiritisme''; Portuguese: ''espiritismo'') is a spiritualist, religious, and philosophical doctrine established in France in the 1850s by the French teacher, educational writer, and translator Hippolyte Léon Denizard Rivail. He wrote books on "the nature, origin, and destiny of spirits, and their relation with the corporeal world" under the pen name Allan Kardec.Moreira-Almeida, Alexander (2008). Kardec's works are the result of the study of mediumistic phenomena, which he initially believed to be of a fraudulent nature. By questioning several mediums, while they were in trance state, on a variety of matters, he compiled, compared, and synthesized the answers obtained from spirits into a body of knowledge known as the codification. It speaks of the constant need to investigate the world around us ( science), to make sense of our findings (philosophy), and to apply them to our day-to-day living so as to improve ourselves and the world around us ( reli ...
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