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Mockito
Mockito is an open source testing framework for Java released under the MIT License. The framework allows the creation of test double objects (mock objects) in automated unit tests for the purpose of test-driven development (TDD) or behavior-driven development (BDD). The framework's name and logo are a play on mojitos, a type of drink. Features Mockito allows developers to verify the behavior of the system under test (SUT) without establishing expectations beforehand. One of the criticisms of mock objects is that there is a tight coupling of the test code to the system under test. Mockito attempts to eliminate the expect-run-verify pattern by removing the specification of expectations. Mockito also provides some annotations for reducing boilerplate code. Origins Mockito began by expanding on the syntax and functionality of EasyMock. Example Consider this decoupled Hello world program; we may unit test some of its parts, using mock objects for other parts. package org.ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Unit Testing Frameworks
This article is a list of tables of code-driven unit testing frameworks for various programming languages. Some, but not all, of these are based on xUnit. Columns (classification) * Name: This column contains the name of the framework and will usually link to it. * xUnit: This column indicates whether a framework should be considered of xUnit type. * TAP: This column indicates whether a framework can emit TAP output for TAP-compliant testing harnesses. * SubUnit: This column indicates whether a framework can emit SubUnit output. * Generators: Indicates whether a framework supports data generators. Data generators generate input data for a test and the test is run for each input data that the generator produces. * Fixtures: Indicates whether a framework supports test-local fixtures. Test-local fixtures ensure a specified environment for a single test. * Group fixtures: Indicates whether a framework supports group fixtures. Group fixtures ensure a specified environment for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Unit Testing Frameworks
This article is a list of tables of code-driven unit testing frameworks for various programming languages. Some, but not all, of these are based on xUnit. Columns (classification) * Name: This column contains the name of the framework and will usually link to it. * xUnit: This column indicates whether a framework should be considered of xUnit type. * TAP: This column indicates whether a framework can emit TAP output for TAP-compliant testing harnesses. * SubUnit: This column indicates whether a framework can emit SubUnit output. * Generators: Indicates whether a framework supports data generators. Data generators generate input data for a test and the test is run for each input data that the generator produces. * Fixtures: Indicates whether a framework supports test-local fixtures. Test-local fixtures ensure a specified environment for a single test. * Group fixtures: Indicates whether a framework supports group fixtures. Group fixtures ensure a specified environment for a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Test Double
In computer programming and computer science, programmers employ a technique called automated unit testing to reduce the likelihood of bugs occurring in the software. Frequently, the final release software consists of a complex set of objects or procedures interacting together to create the final result. In automated unit testing, it may be necessary to use objects or procedures that look and behave like their release-intended counterparts, but are actually simplified versions that reduce the complexity and facilitate testing. A test double is a generic (meta) term used for these objects or procedures. Types of test doubles Gerard Meszaros identified several terms for what he calls, "Test Doubles." Using his vocabulary, there are at least five types of Test Doubles: * Test stub — used for providing the tested code with "indirect input". * Mock object — used for verifying "indirect output" of the tested code, by first defining the expectations before the tested code is execute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
System Under Test
System under test (SUT) refers to a system that is being tested for correct operation. According to ISTQB it is the test object. From a Unit Testing perspective, the SUT represents all of the classes in a test that are not predefined pieces of code like stubs or even mocks. Each one of this can have its own configuration (a name and a version), making it scalable for a series of tests to get more and more precise, according to the quantity of quality of the system in test. See also * Device under test * Test harness In software testing, a test harness or automated test framework is a collection of software and test data configured to test a program unit by running it under varying conditions and monitoring its behavior and outputs. It has two main parts: the te ... References External links xUnit Patterns SUT6 goldene Regeln der Testautomatisierung im Softwaretest(in German) Test Procedure for §170.314(c) Clinical quality measures Software testing Systems engineering ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Behavior Driven Development
In software engineering, behavior-driven development (BDD) is an agile software development process that encourages collaboration among developers, quality assurance experts, and customer representatives in a software project. It encourages teams to use conversation and concrete examples to formalize a shared understanding of how the application should behave. It emerged from test-driven development (TDD). Behavior-driven development combines the general techniques and principles of TDD with ideas from domain-driven design and object-oriented analysis and design to provide software development and management teams with shared tools and a shared process to collaborate on software development. Although BDD is principally an idea about how software development should be managed by both business interests and technical insight, the practice of BDD does assume the use of specialized software tools to support the development process. Although these tools are often developed specifically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classpath (Java)
Classpath is a parameter in the Java Virtual Machine or the Java compiler that specifies the location of user-defined classes and packages. The parameter may be set either on the command-line, or through an environment variable. Overview and architecture Similar to the classic dynamic loading behavior, when executing Java programs, the Java Virtual Machine finds and loads classes lazily (it loads the bytecode of a class only when the class is first used). The classpath tells Java where to look in the filesystem for files defining these classes. The virtual machine searches for and loads classes in this order: # bootstrap classes: the classes that are fundamental to the Java Platform (comprising the public classes of the Java Class Library, and the private classes that are necessary for this library to be functional). # extension classes: packages that are in the ''extension'' directory of the Java Runtime Environment or JDK, jre/lib/ext/ # user-defined packages and librari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unit Testing
In computer programming, unit testing is a software testing method by which individual units of source code—sets of one or more computer program modules together with associated control data, usage procedures, and operating procedures—are tested to determine whether they are fit for use. History Before unit testing, capture and replay testing tools were the norm. In 1997, Kent Beck and Erich Gamma developed and released JUnit, a unit test framework that became popular with Java developers. Google embraced automated testing around 2005–2006. Description Unit tests are typically automated tests written and run by software developers to ensure that a section of an application (known as the "unit") meets its design and behaves as intended. In procedural programming, a unit could be an entire module, but it is more commonly an individual function or procedure. In object-oriented programming, a unit is often an entire interface, such as a class, or an individual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hello World Program
''Hello'' is a salutation or greeting in the English language. It is first attested in writing from 1826. Early uses ''Hello'', with that spelling, was used in publications in the U.S. as early as the 18 October 1826 edition of the ''Norwich Courier'' of Norwich, Connecticut. Another early use was an 1833 American book called ''The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of West Tennessee'', which was reprinted that same year in '' The London Literary Gazette''. The word was extensively used in literature by the 1860s. Etymology According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'', ''hello'' is an alteration of ''hallo'', ''hollo'', which came from Old High German "''halâ'', ''holâ'', emphatic imperative of ''halôn'', ''holôn'' to fetch, used especially in hailing a ferryman". It also connects the development of ''hello'' to the influence of an earlier form, ''holla'', whose origin is in the French ''holà'' (roughly, 'whoa there!', from French ''là'' 'there'). As i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coupling (computer Programming)
In software engineering, coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules; a measure of how closely connected two routines or modules are; the strength of the relationships between modules. Coupling is usually contrasted with cohesion. Low coupling often correlates with high cohesion, and vice versa. Low coupling is often thought to be a sign of a well-structured computer system and a good design, and when combined with high cohesion, supports the general goals of high readability and maintainability. History The software quality metrics of coupling and cohesion were invented by Larry Constantine in the late 1960s as part of a structured design, based on characteristics of “good” programming practices that reduced maintenance and modification costs. Structured design, including cohesion and coupling, were published in the article ''Stevens, Myers & Constantine'' (1974) and the book ''Yourdon & Constantine'' (1979), and the latter subsequently became stan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EasyMock
EasyMock is an open-source testing framework for Java released under the Apache License. The framework allows the creation of test double objects for the purpose of Test-driven Development (TDD) or Behavior Driven Development (BDD). Research performed in 2013 on 10,000 GitHub projects found that EasyMock is the 32nd most popular Java library. Features The EasyMock provides dynamically generated Mock objects (at runtime), without having to implement them. In EasyMock, the definition of Mock Object is differed from using an implemented Mock Object. Mock objects are built at run time and additional implementations cannot be defined for those objects. Origin EasyMock was created by Tammo Freese in 2001 (at OFFIS). Originally it allowed only mock interfaces, with type safe mocking and additional features were added in later developments. Most notably, class mocking was added by Henri Tremblay, the current lead developer, in 2003. Usage EasyMock can be used in application with o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boilerplate Code
In computer programming, boilerplate code, or simply boilerplate, are sections of code that are repeated in multiple places with little to no variation. When using languages that are considered ''verbose'', the programmer must write a lot of boilerplate code to accomplish only minor functionality. The need for boilerplate can be reduced through high-level mechanisms such as metaprogramming (which has the computer automatically write the needed boilerplate code or insert it at compile time), convention over configuration (which provides good default values, reducing the need to specify program details in every project) and model-driven engineering (which uses models and model-to-code generators, eliminating the need for manual boilerplate code). Origin The term arose from the newspaper business. Columns and other pieces that were distributed by print syndicates were sent to subscribing newspapers in the form of prepared printing plates. Because of their resemblance to the meta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mock Object
In object-oriented programming, mock objects are simulated objects that mimic the behaviour of real objects in controlled ways, most often as part of a software testing initiative. A programmer typically creates a mock object to test the behaviour of some other object, in much the same way that a car designer uses a crash test dummy to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a human in vehicle impacts. The technique is also applicable in generic programming. Motivation In a unit test, mock objects can simulate the behavior of complex, real objects and are therefore useful when a real object is impractical or impossible to incorporate into a unit test. If an object has any of the following characteristics, it may be useful to use a mock object in its place: * the object supplies non-deterministic results (e.g. the current time or the current temperature); * it has states that are difficult to create or reproduce (e.g. a network error); * it is slow (e.g. a complete database, which wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
