Mitrula
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Mitrula
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic Saprobionts are organisms that digest their food externally and then absorb the products. This process is called saprotrophic nutrition. Fungi are examples of saprobiontic organisms, which are a type of decomposer. Saprobiontic organisms feed off ... fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The spe ...
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Mitrula Alba
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic Saprobionts are organisms that digest their food externally and then absorb the products. This process is called saprotrophic nutrition. Fungi are examples of saprobiontic organisms, which are a type of decomposer. Saprobiontic organisms feed off ... fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The spe ...
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Mitrula Serpentina
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The species include ''Mitrula alba ''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog b ...
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Mitrula Elegans
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The species include ''Mitrula alba'', '' Mitrula elegans'', '' Mitrula lunulatospora'', '' Mitrula microspora'', '' Mitrula paludosa'' and ''Mitrula serpentina ''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus F ...
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Mitrula Lunulatospora
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The species include ''Mitrula alba'', ''Mitrula elegans'', '' Mitrula lunulatospora'', '' Mitrula microspora'', '' Mitrula paludosa'' and ''Mitrula serpentina ''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fr ...
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Mitrula Microspora
''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to the white stipe with yellow fruiting cap. The genus is notable for growing on decaying vegetation in shallow water. The saprobiontic fungi depend on wet or boggy habitats, with plenty of rotting vegetation. They live and feed on rotting leaves and stems, breaking them down into smaller compounds on which various plants and animals feed. The aquatic discomycete ''Mitrula'' can be found in Europe, Asia, and North America. They still hold an uncertain position within the Helotiales. The species include ''Mitrula alba'', ''Mitrula elegans'', ''Mitrula lunulatospora'', '' Mitrula microspora'', '' Mitrula paludosa'' and ''Mitrula serpentina ''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fri ...
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Mitrula Paludosa
''Mitrula paludosa'' (syn. ''Mitrula phalloides''), the swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon, (UK) is a species of fungus. It is inedible. Habitat These mushrooms are found in swamps and bogs across North America in the cooler climates of south-eastern Canada, New England south to the Mason–Dixon line, and much of the mid-western United States. Also present in Europe from the British Isles to Eastern Europe. On the West Coast of the United States, the ''Mitrula elegans'' looks similar. Identification Many related species of ''Mitrula ''Mitrula'' is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae first described by Elias Magnus Fries, in his Systema Mycologicum (1821). The common name for the matchstick-like fungus is either swamp beacon (US) or bog beacon (GB) refers to th ...'' look identical without microscopic study. The cap or club is yellow with a white stalk (possibly with some pink coloration). It is around 2-3 mm wide, and up to 4 cm tall. References Extern ...
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Helotiales
Helotiales is an order of the class Leotiomycetes within the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy within Helotiales has been debated. It has expanded significantly as genomic techniques for taxonomical identification have become more commonly used. , the order is estimated to contain 30 accepted families, 519 genera, and 6266 species. Helotiales is the largest order of non-stromatic discomycetes that usually, but not always, have brightly coloured apothecia. Many members of the family have obviously cup-shaped ascomata with little or no stipes. They are usually found fruiting on coarse or large wood debris as well as on other organic matter. Part of these discomycetes are limited to a specific host range, this goes as far as to not just being limited to one particular plant, additionally some species need a particular part of that plant. Description *Helotiales is distinguished by its disc or cup-shaped apothecia. *Its asci are only slightly thickened in contrast to other Leot ...
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Sclerotiniaceae
The Sclerotiniaceae are a family of fungi in the order Helotiales. Many species in this family are plant pathogens. Genera * '' Asterocalyx'' * ''Botryotinia'' * '' Botrytis'' * '' Ciboria'' * ''Ciborinia'' * '' Coprotinia'' * '' Cudoniopsis'' * ''Dicephalospora'' * '' Dumontinia'' * '' Elliottinia'' * '' Encoelia'' * '' Grovesinia'' * '' Kohninia'' * '' Lambertellina'' * ''Martininia'' * '' Mitrula'' * ''Mitrulinia'' * ''Monilinia'' * ''Moserella'' (placement uncertain) * '' Myriosclerotinia'' * '' Ovulinia'' * '' Phaeosclerotinia'' * ''Poculina'' * ''Pseudociboria'' * '' Pycnopeziza'' * '' Redheadia'' * '' Sclerocrana'' * ''Sclerotinia'' * ''Seaverinia'' * '' Septotinia'' * '' Streptotinia'' * '' Stromatinia'' * '' Torrendiella'' * '' Valdensinia'' * ''Zoellneria Zoellneria is a genus of fungi in the family Sclerotiniaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Josef Velenovský in Monogr. Discom. Bohem. on page 298 in 1934. The genus name of ''Zoellneria'' is in honour of Johann ...
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Saprobiontic
Saprobionts are organisms that digest their food externally and then absorb the products. This process is called saprotrophic nutrition. Fungi are examples of saprobiontic organisms, which are a type of decomposer. Saprobiontic organisms feed off dead and/or decaying biological materials. Digestion is accomplished by excretion of digestive enzymes which break down cell tissues, allowing saprobionts to extract the nutrients they need while leaving the indigestible waste. This is called extracellular digestion. This is very important in ecosystems, for the nutrient cycle. Saprobionts should not be confused with detritivores, another class of decomposers which digest internally. These organisms can be good sources of extracellular enzymes for industrial processes such as the production of fruit juice. For instance, the fungus ''Aspergillus niger'' is used to produce pectinase, an enzyme which is used to break down pectin in juice concentrates, making the juice appear more transluce ...
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Wales
Wales ( cy, Cymru ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is bordered by England to the Wales–England border, east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2021 of 3,107,500 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon (), its highest summit. The country lies within the Temperateness, north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate. The capital and largest city is Cardiff. Welsh national identity emerged among the Celtic Britons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century, and Wales was formed as a Kingdom of Wales, kingdom under Gruffydd ap Llywelyn in 1055. Wales is regarded as one of the Celtic nations. The Conquest of Wales by Edward I, conquest of Wales by Edward I of England was completed by 1283, th ...
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River Taff
The River Taff ( cy, Afon Taf) is a river in Wales. It rises as two rivers in the Brecon Beacons; the Taf Fechan (''little Taff'') and the Taf Fawr (''great Taff'') before becoming one just north of Merthyr Tydfil. Its confluence with the River Severn estuary is in Cardiff. The river supports several species of migratory fish, including salmon, sewin (sea trout), and eel. Course From its confluence at Cefn-coed-y-cymmer, the river flows south, passing several towns. It picks up a few tributaries, such as the River Cynon, River Rhondda, Bargoed Taf and Nant Clydach. It flows through Pontypridd and through to Taff's Well, the site of Wales' only thermal spring. It flows underneath the M4 Motorway, before turning southeastward and flowing past the Cardiff suburbs of Radyr, Whitchurch, Llandaff, Pontcanna, the city centre and Grangetown, before emptying into Cardiff Bay, near to the mouth of the River Ely. Taf Fawr The Taf Fawr rises below the peak of Corn Du, south- ...
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Jan Kops
Jan Kops (6 March 1765 Amsterdam - 9 January 1849 Utrecht) was an Anabaptist Dutch agronomist and botanist. His most notable contribution to botany was the founding of the long-lived journal "''Flora Batava''" in 1800 and contributing text for the first 10 volumes. Biography Jan Kops was the son of Jacobus Kops, a yarn merchant, and Hillegond Schotvanger, both conservative Old Frisian Mennonites. On the death of his father in December 1773, Jan Kops with his stepmother and sister moved from Amsterdam to Haarlem, where he received tuition first at the French and then at the Latin school. He was expected to follow the family tradition of a career in the textile industry, but Kops was ambitious and wanted a more extensive education. For the moment he immersed himself in a study of Dutch literature and botany. In December 1781 Kops enrolled at the Amsterdam Theological Seminary, a move which was not his first choice, as he would rather have followed his interest in botany and natural ...
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