Mitchell Grass Downs
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Mitchell Grass Downs
The Mitchell Grass Downs is a tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands ecoregion in northeastern Australia. It is a mostly treeless grassland, characterised by Mitchell grasses (''Astrebla'' spp.). Location and description The ecoregion is bounded on the north and east by tropical savanna ecoregions – the Victoria Plains tropical savanna to the northeast, the Carpentaria tropical savanna to the north, the Einasleigh Uplands savanna to the northeast, and the Brigalow tropical savanna to the east. More arid ecoregions lie to west and south – the Great Sandy-Tanami desert to the southwest, the Simpson Desert to the south, and the Eastern Australia mulga shrublands to the southeast. The ecoregion includes three IBRA regions – Mitchell Grass Downs, Mount Isa Inlier, and Desert Uplands. Climate The climate is tropical and semi-arid. Average annual rainfall varies across the ecoregion, from 350 mm to 750 mm. In much of the ecoregion rainfall ...
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Boulia, Queensland
Boulia () is an outback town and locality in the Shire of Boulia, Queensland, Australia. In the , Boulia had a population of 301 people. Boulia is the administrative centre of the Boulia Shire, population approximately 600, which covers an area of . The area is best known for sightings of the Min Min lights, mysterious shimmering lights that appear at night. The lights are said to be caused by atmospheric refraction that occurs when cold air is trapped below warmer air, a phenomenon known as Fata Morgana. Geography Boulia is in the Central West Queensland and is located approximately by road south of Mount Isa. Boulia is at the crossroads of a number of outback routes, including the Boulia Mount Isa Road (which goes north-west towards Mount Isa), the Selwyn Road (which goes north-east to Selwyn), the Winton Road, which goes east toward Winton), and the Boulia Bedourie Road (which goes south-west to Bedourie). The Donohue Highway coming from the Northern Territory joins ...
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Mitchell Grass Downs Bioregion
The Mitchell Grass Downs (MGD) is an IBRA biogeographic region, located in the Northern Territory and Queensland, which comprises an area of with eight subregions. See Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia See also *Geography of Australia The geography of Australia encompasses a wide variety of biogeographic regions being the world's smallest continent, while comprising the territory of the sixth-largest country in the world. The population of Australia is concentrated along ... References Further reading * Thackway, R and I D Cresswell (1995) ''An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia : a framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program'' Version 4.0 Canberra : Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserve Systems Unit, 1995. Biogeography of the Northern Territory Biogeography of Queensland IBRA regions {{Queensland-geo-stub ...
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Eucalyptus Pruinosa
''Eucalyptus pruinosa'', commonly known as silver box, silver leaf box, apple box or smoke tree, is a species of tree or a mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. The Jaminjung peoples know the tree as yarrirra or jarnbiny, the Jaru as wararn and the Wagiman as wararn. It has rough, fibrous to flaky bark on the trunk and branches, a crown composed of juvenile, glaucous, heart-shaped to broadly elliptical leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds arranged in groups of seven on the ends of branches, creamy white to pale yellow flowers and cylindrical to conical fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus pruinosa'' is a tree or a mallee that typically grows to a height of or more and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, grey, fibrous to flaky, sometimes fissured bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are glaucous, square in cross-section and prominently winged. The crown of the tree is composed of juvenile leaves that are the same glaucous ...
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Eucalyptus Leucophylla
''Eucalyptus leucophylla'', commonly known as Cloncurry box, is a species of tree or mallee that is predominantly found in northwest Queensland with small populations possibly also occurring in the eastern Kimberley region Western Australia. It has rough, finely fissured bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and cup-shaped fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus leucophylla'' is a tree or mallee that typically grows to a height of and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, finely fissured greyish bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have dull coloured, lance-shaped leaves that are long and wide. Adult leaves are the same dull, light green to greyish colour on both sides, long and wide tapering to a petiole long. The flower buds are usually arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle long, the individual buds on pedicels long. Mature buds are oval to pear-shaped, long and wide with ...
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Eucalyptus Leucophloia
''Eucalyptus leucophloia'', commonly known as snappy gum or migum, is a species of small tree or mallee that is endemic to northern Australia. The indigenous Mangarayi and Yangman peoples know the tree as mirndir, the Ngarluma name it as malygan and Yindjibarndi peoples know the tree as majgan. It has smooth, powdery bark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or hemispherical fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus leucophloia'' is a mallee or small tree that forms a lignotuber. It typically grows to a height of . Its new bark is pale pink to pale orange but matures to white and ages in patches to dark pink or grey. The trunk is often crooked and has a base diameter of around . The crown of the tree is usually as wide as the tree is tall and has a moderately dense canopy. Young plants and coppice regrowth have stems that are glaucous, more or less square in cross-section with a wing on each corne ...
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Eucalyptus Similis
''Eucalyptus similis'', commonly known as the inland yellowjacket or the Queensland yellowjacket, is a eucalypt that is native to Queensland. Description The medium sized tree typically grows to a height of . It has yellow-brown or orange, brown or yellow, bark that is persistent throughout. The bark is tessellated or fibrous-flaky with whitish patches that sheds in short ribbons or small polygonal flakes. Adult leaves are disjunct, glossy green or grey-green and discolorous. The leaf blade is lanceolate in shape and basally tapered with a length of and a width of . When the tree blooms in December it produces simple axillary conflorescences with three to seven flowered umbellasters and terete peduncles and white to cream flowers. Flowers have a diameter of approximately . Fruit appear later which are a cylindrical cup shaped woody capsules long and wide containing grey seeds. It is very similar in appearance to '' Corymbia leichhardtii''. Taxonomy and naming ''Eucalyptus s ...
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Eucalyptus Melanophloia
''Eucalyptus melanophloia'', commonly known as silver-leaved ironbark, is a species of tree that is endemic to northeastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, hard ironbark on the trunk and branches. The crown is usually composed of juvenile leaves that are dull, glaucous, sessile and arranged in opposite pairs. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, the flowers white and the fruit cup-shaped to hemispherical. Description ''Eucalyptus melanophloia'' is a tree, rarely a mallee, that typically grows to a height of and forms a lignotuber. It has hard, rough, dark grey to black bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have leaves that are usually glaucous, arranged in opposite pairs, sessile, round to egg-shaped or heart-shaped, long and wide. The crown leaves are usually mostly juvenile leaves that are arranged in opposite pairs, sessile, the same dull glaucous colour on both sides, egg-shaped to heart-shaped or lance-sha ...
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Eucalyptus Populnea
''Eucalyptus populnea'', commonly known as poplar box, bimble box or bimbil box, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the trunk and branches, egg-shaped, elliptical or more or less round leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven to fifteen or more, white flowers and conical, hemispherical or cup-shaped fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus populnea'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, fibrous or flaky, greyish bark on the trunk and larger branches, smooth grey bark that is shed in short ribbons from the thinner branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have egg-shaped to almost round, dull greyish green leaves that are long and wide. The crown has leaves that are the same shade of glossy green on both sides, egg-shaped, elliptical or more or less round leaves that are long and wide tapering to a petiole long. The flower buds are mostly arr ...
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Melaleuca
''Melaleuca'' () is a genus of nearly 300 species of plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, commonly known as paperbarks, honey-myrtles or tea-trees (although the last name is also applied to species of '' Leptospermum''). They range in size from small shrubs that rarely grow to more than high, to trees up to . Their flowers generally occur in groups, forming a "head" or "spike" resembling a brush used for cleaning bottles, containing up to 80 individual flowers. Melaleucas are an important food source for nectarivorous insects, birds, and mammals. Many are popular garden plants, either for their attractive flowers or as dense screens and a few have economic value for producing fencing and oils such as "tea tree" oil. Most melaleucas are endemic to Australia, with a few also occurring in Malesia. Seven are endemic to New Caledonia, and one is found only on (Australia's) Lord Howe Island. Melaleucas are found in a wide variety of habitats. Many are adapted for life in swamp ...
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Eucalyptus Coolabah
''Eucalyptus coolabah'', commonly known as coolibah or coolabah, is a species of tree found in eastern inland Australia. It has rough bark on part or all of the trunk, smooth powdery cream to pink bark above, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven and hemispherical or conical fruit. Description ''Eucalyptus coolabah'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of and has hard, fibrous to flaky grey bark with whitish patches on part or all of the trunk and sometimes on the larger branches. The upper bark is smooth and powdery, white to cream-coloured, pale grey or pink and is shed in short ribbons. Young plants and coppice regrowth usually have stems that are more or less square in cross-section, and dull bluish, lance-shaped leaves long and wide. Adult leaves are the same dull green to bluish or greyish on both sides, Lance-shaped to curved, long and wide on a petiole long. The flower buds are arranged on a branching inflorescence in leaf ax ...
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Red River Gum
''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'', commonly known as the river red gum, is a tree that is endemic to Australia. It has smooth white or cream-coloured bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and hemispherical fruit with the valves extending beyond the rim. A familiar and iconic tree, it is seen along many watercourses across inland Australia, providing shade in the extreme temperatures of central Australia. Description ''Eucalyptus camaldulensis'' is a tree that typically grows to a height of but sometimes to and often does not develop a lignotuber. The bark is smooth white or cream-coloured with patches of yellow, pink or brown. There are often loose, rough slabs of bark near the base. The juvenile leaves are lance-shaped, long and wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, the same dull green or greyish green colour on both sides, long and wide on a petiole long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, ...
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Acacia Cambagei
''Acacia cambagei'', commonly known as gidgee, stinking wattle, stinking gidgee in English, or gidjiirr, by transliteration from indigenous languages of north-western NSW, is an endemic tree of Australia. It is found primarily in semiarid and arid Queensland, but extends into the Northern Territory, South Australia and north-western New South Wales. It can reach up to 12 m in height and can form extensive open woodland communities. The leaves, bark, and litter of ''A. cambagei'' produce a characteristic odour, vaguely reminiscent of boiled cabbage, gas or sewage that accounts for the common name of "stinking gidgee". Confined to regions between 550 and 200 mm annual rainfall, ''A. cambagei'' is found primarily on flat and gently undulating terrain on heavy and relatively fertile clay and clay-loam soils in the eastern part of it range, and often forms mixed communities with brigalow which favours the same soil types. In drier regions, gidgee is found primarily on red eart ...
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