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Mir-7
Mir EO-7 was the seventh long duration expedition to the space station Mir. The two crew members were Gennadi Manakov (Commander) and Gennadi Strekalov (Flight Engineer). Crew The backup crew for this expedition were Viktor Afanasyev (Commander) and Musa Manarov (Flight Engineer). Overview Crew Arrival The two crew members arrived at Mir via Soyuz TM-10, which launched on 3 August 1990. The Soyuz spacecraft docked on to the Kvant2 Complex. Mission Highlights While on board, the crew conducted an extensive programme of geophysical and astrophysical research, experiments on biology and biotechnology and work on space materials science. They also performed extensive maintenance and repair work on the damaged hatch of the Kvant-2-module. This repair was only partially successful. Expedition Conclusion The crew left on Soyuz TM-10 on 7 December 1990. The expedition in total lasted 130 days, 20 hours and 35 minutes. The crew completed 2070 orbits of the Earth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Afanasyev (cosmonaut)
Viktor Mikhailovich Afanasyev (russian: Виктор Михайлович Афанасьев; born 31 December 1948) is a colonel in the Russian Air Force and a test cosmonaut of the Yu. A. Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. He was born 31 December 1948, in Bryansk, Russian SFSR, and is married to Yelena Ya. Afanasyeva, born in 1952. They have two children. His father, Mikhail Z. Afanasyev, is deceased. His mother, Marya S. Afanasyeva, resides in Merkulyevo, Bryansk region, Russia. His recreational interests include football, swimming, and tourism. He considers his favorite meal to be borscht. Education Graduated from Kachynskoye Military Pilot School in 1970 and the Ordzhonikidze Aviation Institute, Moscow, in 1980. Special honors Hero of the Soviet Union; Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR. Experience 1970 to 1976 served in the Air Force fighting troops as a pilot, senior pilot, and aircraft flight commander. 1976 to 1977 attended the Test Pilot Training Center. 1977 to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gennadi Manakov
Gennady Mikhailovich Manakov (russian: Геннадий Михайлович Манаков; 1 June 1950 – 26 September 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut who commanded two Soyuz flights to the Mir space station. He was born in Yefimovka, Chkalov Oblast, Russian SFSR, on 1 June 1950. He was selected on 2 September 1985 and flew as Commander on Soyuz TM-10 and Soyuz TM-16, before retiring on 20 December 1996. He was married with two children. He died on 26 September 2019 according to a statement from his friend, Cosmonaut Maksim Surayev. Awards * Hero of the Soviet Union * Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR * Order of Military Merit * Order of Lenin * Order of Friendship of Peoples * Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" * Officer of the Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gennadi Strekalov
Gennady Mikhailovich Strekalov (russian: Генна́дий Миха́йлович Стрека́лов; 26 October 1940 – 25 December 2004) was an engineer, cosmonaut, and administrator at Russian aerospace firm RSC Energia. He flew into space five times and lived aboard the Salyut 6, Salyut 7, and Mir space stations, spending over 268 days in space. The catastrophic explosion of a Soyuz rocket in 1983 led to him being one of only four people to use a launch escape system. He was decorated twice as Hero of the Soviet Union and received the Ashoka Chakra from India. Personal life Strekalov was born on 26 October 1940 in Mytishchi near Moscow, the son of Mikhail Strekalov and his wife Praskoyva. Mikhail Strekalov was killed in 1945 while fighting for the Red Army in Poland. Gennadi Strekalov graduated from N. E. Bauman Moscow Higher Technical School in 1965 with an engineer's diploma. He married Lydia Anatolievna Telezhina; the couple had two daughters, Tatiana and Natalia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz TM-10
Soyuz TM-10 was the tenth expedition to the Russian Space Station Mir.The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-tm10.htm Crew Mission highlights TM-10 marked the return to earth of Japanese reporter Toyohiro Akiyama. The Soyuz arrived at Mir's aft port with four passengers: quail for cages in Kvant-2. A quail had laid an egg en route to the station. It was returned to Earth, along with 130 kg of experiment results and industrial products, in Soyuz TM-9 Soyuz TM-9 was the ninth expedition to the Russian Space Station Mir.The mission report is available here: http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/soyuz-TM9.htm Crew Mission highlights During docking, cosmonauts aboard Mir noticed that thr .... The spacecraft landed without incident. It spent 131 days attached to Mir. A camera was installed in the descent module as part of the agreement with Akiyama's network to film the reactions of the returning cosmonauts. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir EO-6
Mir EO-6 was the sixth long duration expedition to the space station Mir. The two crew members were Anatoli Soloviyov (Commander) and Aleksandr Balandin (Flight Engineer). Crew The backup crew for this expedition were Gennadi Manakov (Commander) and Gennadi Strekalov (Flight Engineer). Overview Crew arrival The two crew members arrived at Mir via Soyuz TM-9, which launched on 11 February 1990. The Soyuz spacecraft docked on to the Kvant2 Complex. Mission highlights While on board, the crew conducted an extensive programme of geophysical and astrophysical research, experiments on biology and biotechnology and work on space materials science. They started the commercial production of crystal in highest quality for a US electronics company. A protein grow experiment was also profitable (25 million rubels). A first EVA was conducted on 17 July 1990, lasting 7h 16m, in which Soyuz TM-9 was repaired after three of eight thermal blankets had come loose near the heat shield. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir EO-8
Mir EO-8 (russian: Мир ЭО-19) was the eighth crewed expedition to the space station Mir, lasting from December 1990 to May 1991. The crew, consisting of Russian cosmonauts Viktor Afanasyev and Musa Manarov, launched along with space journalist Toyohiro Akiyama on December 2, 1990 aboard Soyuz TM-11. Akiyama returned aboard Soyuz TM-10 with the outgoing Mir EO-7 crew on December 10. Afanasyev and Manarov returned aboard Soyuz TM-11 on May 26, 1991. Crew Mir EO-8 was the first spaceflight for Commander Viktor Afanasyev, who completed basic training in 1987 and advanced training in 1988. He served as backup commander for Mir EO-7. EO-8 was Musa Manarov's second spaceflight. He previously flew on Soyuz TM-4, living on Mir from December 21, 1987, to December 21, 1988. Both spent just over 175 days in space and completed 2770 orbits of the Earth during EO-8. Backup crew Mission highlights Crew launch and arrival The crew of Mir EO-8 was launched to the Mir space stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Space Station
A space station is a spacecraft capable of supporting a human crew in orbit for an extended period of time, and is therefore a type of space habitat. It lacks major propulsion or landing systems. An orbital station or an orbital space station is an artificial satellite (i.e. a type of orbital spaceflight). Stations must have docking ports to allow other spacecraft to dock to transfer crew and supplies. The purpose of maintaining an orbital outpost varies depending on the program. Space stations have most often been launched for scientific purposes, but military launches have also occurred. Space stations have harboured so far the only long-duration direct human presence in space. After the first station Salyut 1 (1971) and its tragic Soyuz 11 crew, space stations have been operated consecutively since Skylab (1973), having allowed a progression of long-duration direct human presence in space. Stations have been occupied by consecutive crews since 1987 with the Salyut successor M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Musa Manarov
Musa Khiramanovich Manarov ( lbe, Муса Хираманович Манаров; born March 22, 1951, in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR) is a former cosmonaut who spent 541 days in space. He was a colonel in the Soviet Air Force and graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute with an engineering qualification in 1974. Musa was selected as a cosmonaut on December 1, 1978. From December 21, 1987, to December 21, 1988, he flew as flight engineer on Soyuz TM-4. The flight duration was 365 days 22 hours 38 minutes. From December 2, 1990, to May 26, 1991, he flew again as a flight engineer on Soyuz TM-11. The duration was 175 days 1 hour 50 minutes, the longest continuous time spent in space by anyone at that time. During his 176-day stay, Manarov observed the Earth and worked in space manufacturing. He also performed 20 hours of spacewalks. Manarov lives in Russia. Personal life Manarov is married with two children. He is an ethnic Lak. He lives in Moscow, while his mother still lives in Bak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soyuz Spacecraft
Soyuz () is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau (now Energia). The Soyuz succeeded the Voskhod spacecraft and was originally built as part of the Soviet crewed lunar programs. It is launched on a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Between the 2011 retirement of the Space Shuttle and the 2020 demo flight of SpaceX Crew Dragon, the Soyuz served as the only means to ferry crew to or from the International Space Station, for which it remains heavily used. Although China did launch crewed Shenzhou flights during this time, none of them docked with the ISS. History The first Soyuz flight was uncrewed and started on 28 November 1966. The first Soyuz mission with a crew, Soyuz 1, launched on 23 April 1967 but ended with a crash due to a parachute failure, killing cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov. The following flight was uncrew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surface is made up of the ocean, dwarfing Earth's polar ice, lakes, and rivers. The remaining 29% of Earth's surface is land, consisting of continents and islands. Earth's surface layer is formed of several slowly moving tectonic plates, which interact to produce mountain ranges, volcanoes, and earthquakes. Earth's liquid outer core generates the magnetic field that shapes the magnetosphere of the Earth, deflecting destructive solar winds. The atmosphere of the Earth consists mostly of nitrogen and oxygen. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere like carbon dioxide (CO2) trap a part of the energy from the Sun close to the surface. Water vapor is widely present in the atmosphere and forms clouds that cover most of the planet. More solar e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 In Spaceflight
The following is an outline of 1990 in spaceflight. Launches , colspan="8", January , - , colspan="8", February , - , colspan="8", March , - , colspan="8", April , - , colspan="8", May , - , colspan="8", June , - , colspan="8", July , - , colspan="8", August , - , colspan="8", September , - , colspan="8", October , - , colspan="8", November , - , colspan="8", December , - Deep-space rendezvous EVAs See also Footnotes {{Orbital launches in 1990 Spaceflight by year ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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