Mikey Chung
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Mikey Chung
Michael Chung (1950 – 28 December 2021) also known as Mao Chung, was a Jamaican musician who played keyboards, guitar and percussion instruments. He was also an arranger and record producer of Jamaican music, and worked with a wide array of musicians, notably Lee Perry and Sly and Robbie. Life and career Chung was born in Christiana, Jamaica, in 1950. He was of Chinese Jamaican descent, and grew up on Tewari Crescent in Kingston, Jamaica. He later moved with his family to the Vineyard Town area of the city, attending St. George's College.Campbell, Howard (2014)The Chung connection, ''Jamaica Observer'', 6 July 2014. Retrieved 6 July 2014 He began his career in music as the guitarist for the Mighty Mystics, The Virtues (1967–69), Generation Gap, and the Federal Studios house band the Now Generation Band,I ...
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Peter Tosh
Winston Hubert McIntosh, OM (19 October 1944 – 11 September 1987), professionally known as Peter Tosh, was a Jamaican reggae musician. Along with Bob Marley and Bunny Wailer, he was one of the core members of the band the Wailers (1963–1976), after which he established himself as a successful solo artist and a promoter of Rastafari. He was murdered in 1987 during a home invasion. Early music and with the Wailers Tosh was born in Westmoreland, the westernmost parish of Jamaica. He was abandoned by his parents and "shuffled among relatives". When McIntosh was fifteen, his aunt died and he moved to Trenchtown in Kingston, Jamaica. He first learned guitar after watching a man in the country play a song that captivated him. He watched the man play the same song for half a day, memorizing everything his fingers were doing. He then picked up the guitar and played the song back to the man. The man then asked McIntosh who had taught him to play; McIntosh told him that he had ...
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Jamaica Gleaner
''The Gleaner'' is an English-language, morning daily newspaper founded by two brothers, Jacob and Joshua de Cordova on 13 September 1834 in Kingston, Jamaica. Originally called the ''Daily Gleaner'', the name was changed on 7 December 1992 to ''The Gleaner''. The newspaper is owned and published by Gleaner Company publishing house in Kingston, Jamaica., ''The Gleaner'' is considered a newspaper of record for Jamaica. History ''The Gleaner'' is the oldest continuously published newspaper in the Western Hemisphere, and is considered a newspaper of record for Jamaica. The morning broadsheet newspaper is presently published six days each week in Kingston. The Sunday paper edition is called the ''Sunday Gleaner''. The Sunday edition was first published in 1939, and it reaches twice as many readers as the daily paper. The influence, particularly historically, of the newspaper is so large that "Gleaner" has become synonymous in Jamaica for "newspaper". ''The Gleaner'' contains regu ...
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Anthem (Black Uhuru Album)
''Anthem'' is an album by Black Uhuru, released originally in 1983 and internationally in 1984. In 1985, the album won Black Uhuru the first Grammy Award for Best Reggae Recording. ''Anthem'' has been released in three editions, each with different track listings and mixes, as well as a box set. History Lyrically, ''Anthem'' retains the trenchancy of its predecessors, criticizing social injustice and economic materialism and extolling Rastafarian values such as Afrocentrism, social equality and ital diet. Musically, it fuses roots reggae and dub with "synthetic", electropop instrumentation and effects, resulting in an "ambiance of pop-reggae futurism".Katz, David (2004) Liner notes, ''The Complete Anthem Sessions'', Hip-O Select. Legacy ''Anthem'' won the Grammy Award for Best Reggae Recording in 1985, the first year the award existed. The album was well-received, earning Black Uhuru the highest accolades and broadest audience of their career. The traditionally non-reggae e ...
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Sound Recording And Reproduction
Sound recording and reproduction is the electrical, mechanical, electronic, or digital inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects. The two main classes of sound recording technology are analog recording and digital recording. Sound recording is the transcription of invisible vibrations in air onto a storage medium such as a phonograph disc. The process is reversed in sound reproduction, and the variations stored on the medium are transformed back into sound waves. Acoustic analog recording is achieved by a microphone diaphragm that senses changes in atmospheric pressure caused by acoustic sound waves and records them as a mechanical representation of the sound waves on a medium such as a phonograph record (in which a stylus cuts grooves on a record). In magnetic tape recording, the sound waves vibrate the microphone diaphragm and are converted into a varying electric current, which is then converted to ...
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Robbie Shakespeare
Robert Warren Dale Shakespeare (27 September 1953 – 8 December 2021) was a Jamaican bass guitarist and record producer, best known as half of the reggae rhythm section and production duo Sly and Robbie, with drummer Sly Dunbar. Regarded as one of the most influential reggae bassists, Shakespeare was also known for his creative use of electronics and production effects units. He was sometimes nicknamed "Basspeare". As a part of Sly and Robbie, Shakespeare worked with various reggae artists such as U-Roy, Peter Tosh, Bunny Wailer, Dennis Brown, Gregory Isaacs, Sugar Minott, Augustus Pablo, Yellowman, and Black Uhuru. His production work also extended beyond the reggae genre, covering various pop and rock artists such as Mick Jagger, Bob Dylan, Jackson Browne, Cyndi Lauper, Joe Cocker, Yoko Ono, Serge Gainsbourg, and Grace Jones. Prior to his involvement in Sly and Robbie, he was a member of the session groups the Revolutionaries and the Aggrovators. Career Shakespeare grew u ...
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Sly Dunbar
Lowell Fillmore "Sly" Dunbar (born 10 May 1952, Kingston, Jamaica) is a drummer, best known as one half of the prolific Jamaican rhythm section and reggae production duo Sly and Robbie. Biography Dunbar began playing at 15 in a band called The Yardbrooms. His first appearance on a recording was on the Dave and Ansell Collins album ''Double Barrel''. Dunbar joined a band Ansell Collins called Skin, Flesh and Bones. Speaking on his influences, Sly explains “My mentor was the drummer for the Skatalites, Lloyd Knibb. And I used to listen a lot to the drummer for Booker T. & the M.G.'s, Al Jackson Jr., and a lot of Philadelphia. And there are other drummers in Jamaica, like Santa and Carly from the Wailers Band, Winston Bennett, Paul Douglas, Mikey Boo. I respect all these drummers and have learnt a lot from them. From them, I listened and created my own style. They played some things I copied, other things I recreated." In 1972, Dunbar met and became friends with Robbie Shak ...
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Island Records
Island Records is a multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1959 by Chris Blackwell, Graeme Goodall, and Leslie Kong in Jamaica, and was eventually sold to PolyGram in 1989. Island and A&M Records, another label recently acquired by PolyGram, were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history, with Island having exerted a major influence on the progressive music scene in the United Kingdom in the early 1970s. Island Records operates four international divisions: Island US, Island UK, Island Australia, and Island France (known as Vertigo France until 2014). Current key people include Island US president Darcus Beese, OBE and MD Jon Turner. Partially due to its significant legacy, Island remains one of UMG's pre-eminent record labels. Artists who have signed to Island Records include Bob Marley, Nick Drake, Queen, Jethro Tull, Grace Jones, Steve Winwood, King Crimson, Emerson, Lake & Palmer, Brian Eno, Demi Lo ...
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The Upsetters
The Upsetters was the name given to the house band for Jamaican reggae producer Lee "Scratch" Perry. The name of the band comes from Perry's nickname of Upsetter, after his song "I Am the Upsetter", a musical dismissal of his former boss Coxsone Dodd. History The Upsetters were originally Gladdy's All-Stars, led by pianist Gladstone Anderson and it was they who originally recorded the international hits "Live Injection" and "Return of Django". The double A-side release of "Return of Django" / "Dollar in the Teeth", peaked at No. 5 in the UK Singles Chart in November 1969. When other commitments prevented the All Stars from participating, another band named The Hippy Boys were recruited to do the subsequent tour in the United Kingdom. This line-up remained the studio band that is most associated with the name, going on to eventually form the nucleus of Bob Marley's backing band The Wailers. The band included guitarist Alva Lewis, organist Glen Adams and brothers Aston ...
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Synthesizer
A synthesizer (also spelled synthesiser) is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals. Synthesizers typically create sounds by generating waveforms through methods including subtractive synthesis, additive synthesis and frequency modulation synthesis. These sounds may be altered by components such as filters, which cut or boost frequencies; envelopes, which control articulation, or how notes begin and end; and low-frequency oscillators, which modulate parameters such as pitch, volume, or filter characteristics affecting timbre. Synthesizers are typically played with keyboards or controlled by sequencers, software or other instruments, and may be synchronized to other equipment via MIDI. Synthesizer-like instruments emerged in the United States in the mid-20th century with instruments such as the RCA Mark II Sound Synthesizer, RCA Mark II, which was controlled with Punched card, punch cards and used hundreds of vacuum tubes. The Moog synthesizer, d ...
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Bush Doctor
''Bush Doctor'' is the third studio album by Jamaican reggae singer Peter Tosh. It was released in 1978 on Rolling Stones Records. The album features Mick Jagger as guest vocalist on one song, while Keith Richards plays guitar on two tracks. The rhythm section featured Sly and Robbie. Track listing All tracks composed by Peter Tosh; except where indicated ;Side 1 #" (You Gotta Walk) Don't Look Back" ( Smokey Robinson, Ronald White) - 3:43 #"Pick Myself Up" - 3:55 #"I'm the Toughest" - 3:48 #"Soon Come" (Tosh, Bob Marley) - 3:54 #"Moses - The Prophet" - 3:37 ;Side 2 #"Bush Doctor" - 4:04 #"Stand Firm" - 6:10 #"Dem Ha Fe Get a Beatin'" - 4:11 #"Creation" - 6:29 ;Bonus tracks on 2002 EMI Remaster #"Lesson in My Life" - (previously unreleased) #"Soon Come" - (long version) #"I'm the Toughest" - (long version) #"Bush Doctor" - (long version) #"(You Gotta Walk) Don't Look Back" (alternate version) #"Tough Rock Soft Stones" - (previously unreleased) Personnel *Peter Tosh - rhythm ...
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Wanted Dread And Alive
''Wanted Dread & Alive'' is the fifth studio album by the Jamaican reggae musician Peter Tosh. It was released in 1981 in two different versions, one for Jamaica and the USA (EMI America) and one for Europe (Rolling Stones Records). It was reissued by Capitol in 2002, with bonus tracks. The lead single was the duet with the American singer Gwen Guthrie, "Nothing But Love". The album peaked at No. 91 on the Billboard 200, ''Billboard'' 200. Critical reception ''The New York Times'' deemed the album "a mixed bag of political sloganeering, Rastafarian cant and reggae-pop". ''The Globe and Mail'' thought that "the title cut maintains the outlaw pose with music that easily makes the grade, but lyrics that betray Tosh's penchant for recycling old imagery". ''The New Rolling Stone Record Guide'' wrote that it contains "some of the best Sly and Robbie playing ever". Track listing All tracks composed by Peter Tosh except where indicated. EMI America and Jamaica (SO-17055) ;Side 1 #"C ...
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Mystic Man
''Mystic Man'' is the fourth studio album by Peter Tosh. All songs were composed by Peter Tosh. It was released in 1979 by Rolling Stones Records (his second album for the label), EMI, and Intel Diplo (in Jamaica). The album's cover photo, by Annie Leibovitz, shows Tosh's head in profile, with his head cupped in his hands, as if in prayer.Masouri, John (2013) ''Steppin' Razor: The Life of Peter Tosh'', Omnibus Press, Sw. Anand Prahlad, in his book ''Reggae Wisdom'', suggested that on this and previous album ''Bush Doctor'', Tosh was seeking to portray himself in the role of "healer and prophet".Prahlad, Sw. Anand (2001) ''Reggae Wisdom: Proverbs in Jamaican Music'', University Press of Mississippi, , p. 38 The album peaked at number 6 in Italy, 17 in Germany, 25 in Austria, 27 in Sweden, 44 in the Netherlands, and at 123 on the Billboard 200. The album was reissued in 2002 with five bonus tracks. Reception Lester Bangs, reviewing the album for ''Rolling Stone'', saw ''Mysti ...
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