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Micromphale
''Gymnopus'' is a genus of fungus in the family Omphalotaceae. The genus has a widespread, cosmopolitan distribution and contains about 300 species. History and classification The type species for the Gymnopus, ''Gymnopus fusipes,'' dates back to 1806 Pers.) Henri François Anne de Roussel">Roussel Many of the species now classified in the Gymnopus genera were once assigned to Collybia. In 1997 it was suggested that the Collybia genus be split into three genera, one of them being Gymnopus. Description In general, Gymnopus Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies are found in leaf and woody litter. Typically the fruiting bodies are relatively small and range from browns to white in color. Their Spore print, spore deposit is white. Most species of gymnopus act as decomposers (saprotrophic). With one known exception ( G. subnudus), the mating patterns of gymnopus all seem to be bifactorial, meaning that there is more than one locus responsible for regulating mating compatibility. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnopus Dryophilus
''Gymnopus dryophilus'' is a mushroom commonly found in temperate woodlands of Europe and North America. It is generally saprophytic, but occasionally also attacks living wood. It belongs to section ''Levipedes'' of the genus, being characterized by a smooth stem having no hairs at the base (in contrast to section ''Vestipedes''). Until recently it was most frequently known as ''Collybia dryophila''. Description The cap is in diameter, convex, and reddish-brown to ochre (fading to tan with dryness); they become more irregular in shape with age. The gills, which are only thinly attached to the stem (detaching with age), are whitish and crowded. The spore powder is white; the buff spores do not react in Melzer's reagent. The bald stem ranges from long by 3–6 mm in diameter, sometimes thicker at the base.Courtecuisse, R. & Duhem, B. (1994) "Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe" Delachaux et Niestlé , also available in EnglishMarcel Bon: ''The Mushrooms and Toad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnopus Fusipes
''Gymnopus fusipes'' (formerly often called ''Collybia fusipes'') is a parasitic species of gilled mushroom which is quite common in Europe and often grows in large clumps. It is variable but easy to recognize because the stipe soon becomes distinctively tough, bloated and ridged. Naming This species was originally described by Bulliard in his 1793 "Herbier de la France" as ''Agaricus fusipes'' at a time when all gilled mushrooms were assigned to genus ''Agaricus''. Then in 1821 Samuel Frederick Gray published his "Natural Arrangement of British Plants" (including fungi) in which he allocated the species to the already existing genus ''Gymnopus''. However Gray's book was not very popular and in 1872 Lucien Quélet put this mushroom in genus ''Collybia'', giving it the name ''Collybia fusipes'' by which it was generally known for many years. In much later work culminating in 1997, Antonín and Noordeloos found that the genus ''Collybia'' as defined at that time was unsatisf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Marasmiaceae Genera
The Marasmiaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973 , title=''Rectipilus'', eine neue Gattung cyphelloider Pilze , journal=Persoonia , volume=7 , pages=389–436 , language=de , trans-title=''Rectipilus'', a New Genus of Cyphelloid Fungi {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973–1974 , title=''Flagelloscypha''. Studien an cyphelloiden Basidiomyceten. , journal=Sydowia , volume=27 , issue=1–6 , pages=131–265 , language=de , trans-title=Studies on Cyphelloid Basidiomycetes. ''Flagelloscypha'' {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first= R. , year=1980 , title=Contribution to neotropical cyphellaceous fungi - II. ''Deigloria'' gen.nov. (Physalacriaceae). , journal=Mycotaxon , volume=12 , issue=1 , pages=185–200 , url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575/0012/001/0185.htm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnopus Quercophilus
''Gymnopus'' is a genus of fungus in the family Omphalotaceae. The genus has a widespread, cosmopolitan distribution and contains about 300 species. History and classification The type species for the Gymnopus, ''Gymnopus fusipes,'' dates back to 1806 Roussel.html" ;"title="Henri_François_Anne_de_Roussel.html" ;"title="Pers..html" ;"title="Pers.">Pers.) Henri François Anne de Roussel">Roussel">Henri_François_Anne_de_Roussel.html" ;"title="Pers..html" ;"title="Pers.">Pers.) Henri François Anne de Roussel">Roussel Many of the species now classified in the Gymnopus genera were once assigned to Collybia. In 1997 it was suggested that the Collybia genus be split into three genera, one of them being Gymnopus. Description In general, Gymnopus Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies are found in leaf and woody litter. Typically the fruiting bodies are relatively small and range from browns to white in color. Their Spore print, spore deposit is white. Most species of gymnopus act as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnopus Semihirtipes
''Gymnopus'' is a genus of fungus in the family Omphalotaceae. The genus has a widespread, cosmopolitan distribution and contains about 300 species. History and classification The type species for the Gymnopus, ''Gymnopus fusipes,'' dates back to 1806 Roussel.html" ;"title="Henri_François_Anne_de_Roussel.html" ;"title="Pers..html" ;"title="Pers.">Pers.) Henri François Anne de Roussel">Roussel">Henri_François_Anne_de_Roussel.html" ;"title="Pers..html" ;"title="Pers.">Pers.) Henri François Anne de Roussel">Roussel Many of the species now classified in the Gymnopus genera were once assigned to Collybia. In 1997 it was suggested that the Collybia genus be split into three genera, one of them being Gymnopus. Description In general, Gymnopus Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting bodies are found in leaf and woody litter. Typically the fruiting bodies are relatively small and range from browns to white in color. Their Spore print, spore deposit is white. Most species of gymnopus act as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnopus Peronatus
''Gymnopus peronatus'' (formerly called ''Collybia peronata'' or ''Marasmius urens'') is a species of gilled mushroom which is common in European woods. The English name wood woolly-foot has been given to this species. Naming This species was originally described by James Bolton in his 1788 book "An history of fungusses, growing about Halifax" as ''Agaricus peronatus'' at a time when all gilled mushrooms were assigned to genus ''Agaricus''. Then in 1821 another Englishman, Samuel Frederick Gray published his “Natural Arrangement of British Plants” (including fungi) in which he allocated the species to the already existing genus ''Gymnopus''. In 1791 Bulliard described the same species as ''Agaricus urens'', the epithet "urens" ("burning") referring to the acrid taste, and in 1836 Fries put it genus ''Marasmius''. Also in 1871 Paul Kummer put this mushroom in genus ''Collybia'', giving it the name ''Collybia peronata''. For many years it was known either as ''Marasmi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locus (genetics)
In genetics, a locus (plural loci) is a specific, fixed position on a chromosome where a particular gene or genetic marker is located. Each chromosome carries many genes, with each gene occupying a different position or locus; in humans, the total number of protein-coding genes in a complete haploid set of 23 chromosomes is estimated at 19,000–20,000. Genes may possess multiple variants known as alleles, and an allele may also be said to reside at a particular locus. Diploid and polyploid cells whose chromosomes have the same allele at a given locus are called homozygous with respect to that locus, while those that have different alleles at a given locus are called heterozygous. The ordered list of loci known for a particular genome is called a gene map. Gene mapping is the process of determining the specific locus or loci responsible for producing a particular phenotype or biological trait. Association mapping, also known as "linkage disequilibrium mapping", is a method of ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mating In Fungi
Mating in fungi is a complex process governed by mating types. Research on Fungus, fungal mating has focused on several model species with different behaviour. Not all fungi reproduce sexually and many that do are isogamy, isogamous; thus, for many members of the fungal kingdom, the terms "male" and "female" do not apply. Homothallism, Homothallic species are able to mate with themselves, while in Heterothallism, heterothallic species only isolates of opposite mating types can mate. Mating between isogamous fungi may consist only of a transfer of a nucleus from one cell to another. Vegetative incompatibility within species often prevents a fungal isolate from mating with another isolate. Isolates of the same incompatibility group do not mate or mating does not lead to successful offspring. High variation has been reported including same-chemotype mating, sporophyte to gametophyte mating and biparental transfer of mitochondria. File:zygo2.png, Fungi within Zygomycota form progamet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saprotrophic Nutrition
Saprotrophic nutrition or lysotrophic nutrition is a process of chemoheterotrophic extracellular digestion involved in the processing of decayed (dead or waste) organic matter. It occurs in saprotrophs, and is most often associated with fungi (for example ''Mucor'') and soil bacteria. Saprotrophic microscopic fungi are sometimes called saprobes; saprotrophic plants or bacterial flora are called saprophytes ( sapro- 'rotten material' + -phyte 'plant'), although it is now believed that all plants previously thought to be saprotrophic are in fact parasites of microscopic fungi or other plants. The process is most often facilitated through the active transport of such materials through endocytosis within the internal mycelium and its constituent hyphae. states the purpose of saprotrophs and their internal nutrition, as well as the main two types of fungi that are most often referred to, as well as describes, visually, the process of saprotrophic nutrition through a diagram of hy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spore Print
300px, Making a spore print of the mushroom ''Volvariella volvacea'' shown in composite: (photo lower half) mushroom cap laid on white and dark paper; (photo upper half) cap removed after 24 hours showing pinkish-tan spore print. A 3.5-centimeter glass slide placed in middle allows for examination of spore characteristics under a microscope. image:spore Print ID.gif, 300px, A printable chart to make a spore print and start identification The spore print is the powdery deposit obtained by allowing spores of a fungal sporocarp (fungi), fruit body to fall onto a surface underneath. It is an important diagnostic character in most handbooks for identifying mushrooms. It shows the colour of the mushroom spores if viewed en masse. Method A spore print is made by placing the spore-producing surface flat on a sheet of dark and white paper or on a sheet of clear, stiff plastic, which facilitates moving the spore print to a darker or lighter surface for improved contrast; for example, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporocarp (fungi)
The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cycle, while the rest of the life cycle is characterized by vegetative mycelial growth and asexual spore production. The sporocarp of a basidiomycete is known as a ''basidiocarp'' or ''basidiome'', while the fruitbody of an ascomycete is known as an '' ascocarp''. Many shapes and morphologies are found in both basidiocarps and ascocarps; these features play an important role in the identification and taxonomy of fungi. Fruitbodies are termed ''epigeous'' if they grow on the ground, while those that grow underground are ''hypogeous''. Epigeous sporocarps that are visible to the naked eye, especially fruitbodies of a more or less agaricoid morphology, are often called mushrooms. Epigeous sporocarps have mycelia that extend underground far ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
