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Meso-Papilionoideae
Meso-Papilionoideae is a monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionoideae) that includes the majority of papilionoid legumes. This clade is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies. It contains many agronomically important genera, including ''Arachis'' (peanut), ''Cicer'' (chickpea), ''Glycine'' (soybean), ''Medicago'' (alfalfa), ''Phaseolus'' (common bean), ''Trifolium'' (clover), ''Vicia'' (vetch), and ''Vigna'' (mung bean). Description This clade circumscribes six subordinate clades: one traditional tribe (Exostyleae) and five informal clades (the genistoids, the vataireoids, the dalbergioids, the ''Andira'' clade, and the Old World Clade), as well as the genus ''Amphimas''. The clade has the following ICPN-compliant, node-based definition: The most inclusive crown clade exhibiting the structural rearrangement in the plastid genome (inversion of a ~50 Kb segment in the large-single copy region with endpoints between the ''accD'' and ''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphimas
''Amphimas'' is a small genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It is a west African tree used for medicine and for wood. ''Amphimas'' was traditionally assigned to the tribe Sophoreae; however, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses reassigned ''Amphimas'' into an unspecified position in the Meso-Papilionoideae Meso-Papilionoideae is a monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae (or Papilionoideae) that includes the majority of papilionoid legumes. This clade is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies. It contains many agronomic .... References Faboideae Fabaceae genera {{Faboideae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Faboideae
The Faboideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. An acceptable alternative name for the subfamily is Papilionoideae, or Papilionaceae when this group of plants is treated as a family. This subfamily is widely distributed, and members are adapted to a wide variety of environments. Faboideae may be trees, shrubs, or herbaceous plants. Members include the pea, the sweet pea, the laburnum, and other legumes. The pea-shaped flowers are characteristic of the Faboideae subfamily and root nodulation is very common. Genera The type genus, ''Faba'', is a synonym of ''Vicia'', and is listed here as ''Vicia''. *''Abrus'' *''Acmispon'' *''Acosmium'' *'' Adenocarpus'' *'' Adenodolichos'' *'' Adesmia'' *'' Aenictophyton'' *''Aeschynomene'' *'' Afgekia'' *''Aganope'' *'' Airyantha'' *''Aldina'' *''Alexa'' *''Alhagi'' *'' Alistilus'' *'' Almaleea'' *'' Alysicarpus'' *'' Amburana'' *''Amicia'' *'' Ammodendron'' *'' Ammopiptanthus'' *'' Ammothamnus'' *'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dermatophyllum
''Dermatophyllum'' is a genus of three or four species of shrubs and small trees in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family, Fabaceae. The genus is native to southwestern North America from western Texas to New Mexico and Arizona in the United States, and south through Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Nuevo León in northern Mexico. Members of the genus are commonly known as mescalbean, mescal bean, or ''frijolito''. One of the common names of ''Dermatophyllum secundiflorum'' is Texas mountain laurel, although the name mountain laurel also refers to the very dissimilar and unrelated genus '' Kalmia'' (family Ericaceae) and the name laurel refers generally to plants in the unrelated order Laurales. Although still commonly treated in the genus '' Sophora'', recent genetic evidence has shown that the mescalbeans are only distantly related to the other species of ''Sophora''. Species ''Dermatophyllum'' comprises the following species: * ''Dermatophyllum arizonicum'' ( S.Watson) Vincentâ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medicago
''Medicago'' is a genus of flowering plants, commonly known as medick or burclover, in the legume family (Fabaceae). It contains at least 87 species and is distributed mainly around the Mediterranean basin. The best-known member of the genus is alfalfa (''M. sativa''), an important forage crop, and the genus name is based on the Latin name for that plant, , from el, μηδική (πόα) Median (grass). Most members of the genus are low, creeping herbs, resembling clover, but with burs (hence the common name). However, alfalfa grows to a height of 1 meter, and tree medick (''M. arborea'') is a shrub. Members of the genus are known to produce bioactive compounds such as medicarpin (a flavonoid) and medicagenic acid (a triterpenoid saponin). Chromosome numbers in ''Medicago'' range from 2''n'' = 14 to 48. The species ''Medicago truncatula'' is a model legume due to its relatively small stature, small genome (450–500 Mbp), short generation time (about 3 months), and ability to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phaseolus
''Phaseolus'' (bean, wild bean) is a genus of herbaceous to woody annual and perennial vines in the family Fabaceae containing about 70 plant species, all native to the Americas, primarily Mesoamerica. It is one of the most economically important legume genera. Five of the species have been domesticated since pre-Columbian times for their beans: '' P. acutifolius'' (tepary bean), '' P. coccineus'' (runner bean), '' P. dumosus'' (year bean), '' P. lunatus'' (lima bean), and '' P. vulgaris'' (common bean). Most prominent among these is the common bean, ''P. vulgaris'', which today is cultivated worldwide in tropical, semitropical, and temperate climates. Ecology ''Phaseolus'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including common swift, garden dart, ghost moth ''Hypercompe albicornis'', '' H. icasia'' and the nutmeg. Etymology The generic name ''Phaseolus'' was introduced by Linnaeus in 1753,Linnaeus, ''Species Plantarum'' 2:623, cited in Ox ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trifolium
Clover or trefoil are common names for plants of the genus ''Trifolium'' (from Latin ''tres'' 'three' + ''folium'' 'leaf'), consisting of about 300 species of flowering plants in the legume or pea family Fabaceae originating in Europe. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution with highest diversity in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, but many species also occur in South America and Africa, including at high altitudes on mountains in the tropics. They are small annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial herbaceous plants, typically growing up to 30 cm tall. The leaves are trifoliate (rarely quatrefoiled; see four-leaf clover), monofoil, bifoil, cinquefoil, hexafoil, septfoil, etcetera, with stipules adnate to the leaf-stalk, and heads or dense spikes of small red, purple, white, or yellow flowers; the small, few-seeded pods are enclosed in the calyx. Other closely related genera often called clovers include ''Melilotus'' (sweet clover) and '' Medicago'' (alfalfa or Calvary clover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vicia
''Vicia'' is a genus of over 240 species of flowering plants that are part of the legume family (Fabaceae), and which are commonly known as vetches. Member species are native to Europe, North America, South America, Asia and Africa. Some other genera of their subfamily Faboideae also have names containing "vetch", for example the vetchlings (''Lathyrus'') or the milk-vetches (''Astragalus''). The broad bean (''Vicia faba'') is sometimes separated in a monotypic genus ''Faba''; although not often used today, it is of historical importance in plant taxonomy as the namesake of the order Fabales, the Fabaceae and the Faboideae. The tribe Vicieae in which the vetches are placed is named after the genus' current name. Among the closest living relatives of vetches are the lentils (''Lens'') and the true peas (''Pisum''). Use by humans Bitter vetch ('' V. ervilia'') was one of the first domesticated crops. It was grown in the Near East about 9,500 years ago, starting perhaps ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vigna
''Vigna'' is a genus of plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution.Aitawade, M. M., et al. (2012)Section ''Ceratotropis'' of subgenus ''Ceratotropis'' of ''Vigna'' (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae) in India with a new species from northern Western Ghats. ''Rheedea'' 22(1), 20-27. It includes some well-known cultivated species, including many types of beans. Some are former members of the genus ''Phaseolus''. According to ''Hortus Third'', ''Vigna'' differs from ''Phaseolus'' in biochemistry and pollen structure, and in details of the Style (botany), style and stipules. ''Vigna'' is also commonly confused with the genus ''Dolichos (plant), Dolichos'', but the two differ in Stigma (botany), stigma structure. ''Vigna'' are herbs or occasionally shrub, subshrubs. The leaves are pinnate, divided into 3 leaflets. The inflorescence is a raceme of yellow, blue, or purple pea flowers. The fruit is a legume pod of varying shape containing seeds. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South African Journal Of Botany
The ''South African Journal of Botany'' (Afrikaans title: ''Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir plantkunde'') is a bimonthly peer reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of botany as related to Southern Africa. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the South African Association of Botanists, of which it is an official journal. It was established in 1982 and, after publishing 3 volumes, absorbed the ''Journal of South African Botany'' as of 1985. The latter journal had been established in 1935 and the merged journal continued the volume numbering of the older one. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 1.340. References External links * South African Association of Botanists {{botany-journal-stub Botany journals Bimonthly journals Publications established in 1935 Publications established in 1982 Elsevier academic journals English-language journals Academic journals associated with learned and professional societies 198 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cicer
''Cicer'' is a genus of the legume family, Fabaceae, and the only genus found in tribe Cicereae. It is included within the IRLC, and its native distribution is across the Middle East and Asia. Its best-known and only domesticated member is ''Cicer arietinum'', the chickpea. Cultivable species Currently, the only cultivated species of the genus ''Cicer'' is ''C. arietinum'', commonly known as the chickpea. The wild progenitor of ''C. arietinum'' is ''Cicer reticulatum''. Since the chickpea has descended from this wild plant, there is a possibility that this wild progenitor can offer other forms of edible chickpeas after domestication. In wild chickpea (''C. reticulatum''), a considerable proportion of the mature pods remain intact, and this characteristic leads to the species being described as pre-adapted to domestication. This essentially means that the function of one of its traits can change, or evolve, as the progenitor is domesticated. This implies that traits such as tex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genistoids
The Genistoids are one of the major radiations in the plant family Fabaceae. Members of this phylogenetic clade are primarily found in the Southern hemisphere. Some genera are pollinated by birds. The genistoid clade is consistently resolved as monophyletic in molecular phylogenetic analyses. It is estimated to have arisen 56.4 ± 0.2 million years ago (in the Paleocene). A node-based definition for the genistoids is: "the MRCA of '' Poecilanthe parviflora'' and ''Lupinus argenteus''." One morphological synapomorphy has been tentatively identified: production of quinolizidine alkaloids. Some genera also accumulate pyrrolizidine. A new genus, to be segregated from '' Clathrotropis'', has also been proposed to occupy an undetermined position within the genistoid clade. Core Genistoids The core genistoids, also known as the genistoids ''sensu stricto'', comprise most of the tribes of the genistoids ''sensu lato'', and are found mainly in Africa and Eurasia. This subclade is al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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