Membranophones

	Membranophones A membranophone is any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane. It is one of the four main divisions of instruments in the original Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification. According to Sachs, material, shape, skin(s), skin fastening, playing positions, and manner of playing. Hornbostel-Sachs The Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification divides membranophones in a numeric taxonomy based on how the sound is produced: 21: by hitting the drumskin with a hand or object (most common form, including the timpani and snare drum) 22: by pulling a knotted string attached to the drumskin (common in Indian drums, and can be considered an example of a chordophone as well) 23: by rubbing the drumskin with a hand or object (common in Irish traditional music, an example is the bodhran) 24: by modifying sounds through a vibrating membrane (unusual form, including the kazoo) Length and breadth Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Footed Drum A footed drum is a class of membranophone, of Native American and Polynesian origin, characterized by an open area at the bottom of the instrument, held by feet. This open area adds resonance to the drum's sound. It is made out of hollow wood and/or bone. Archaeologists have unearthed 'foot drums' in several southwestern and central-Californian Native American archaeological sites inhabited, or formally inhabited, by the Miwok, Maidu, Aztec, and Hopi Indian tribes. These drums were often semicircle cross-sectioned hollow logs laid over wood covered 'resonating' pits positioned according to custom in kivas A kiva is a space used by Puebloans for rites and political meetings, many of them associated with the kachina belief system. Among the modern Hopi and most other Pueblo peoples, "kiva" means a large room that is circular and underground, ... or dance houses. The foot drums were played by stomping on top of the hollow log with the structure's poles used for steadying.. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Hourglass Drum Hourglass drums are a sub-category of membranophone, or drum, characterized by an hourglass shape. They are also known as ''waisted drums''. Drumheads are attached by laces, which may be squeezed during a performance to alter the pitch. The category also includes pellet drums such as the ''damaru'', although not all pellet drums are hourglass shaped (such as the Korean ''do'', ''nodo'', ''noedo'', and ''yeongdo'', which are barrel shaped). Hourglass drums exists in most regions of the world, but have very different construction methods, dimensions, purposes and playing methods. The label of hourglass drum is hence as generic as the label for bowed instrument or reed instrument. Thus the designation of Hourglass drum is used as a category in general instrument construction and does not refer to any particular uniform instrument. See also Batá drum (Cuba, West Africa) Damaru (Indian subcontinent) * Dekki (Sri Lanka) * Dhad sarangi (India, Pakistan) Galgo (Korea) Idakka (India) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Long Drum Long drums are a loose category of tubular membranophones, characterized by their extreme length. They are most common in Africa, Thailand, and in Native American traditions. Long drums can be made out of entire tree trunk In botany, the trunk (or bole) is the stem and main wooden axis of a tree, which is an important feature in tree identification, and which often differs markedly from the bottom of the trunk to the top, depending on the species. The trunk is the ...s. References * Drums {{Membranophone-instrument-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Cylindrical Drum Cylindrical drums are a category of drum instruments that include a wide range of implementations, including the bass drum and the Iranian ''dohol''. Cylindrical drums are generally two-headed and straight-sided, and sometimes use a buzzing, percussive string. The Iranian ''dohol'' is a famous form of cylindrical drum. Many music area In anthropology and geography, a cultural region, cultural sphere, cultural area or culture area refers to a geography with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture). Such activities are often associated ...s nears in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia include variations on the dohol and cylindrical drum forms, including the ''dhol'' of Armenia, ''daval'' of Kurdistan and the ''tabl ballady'' of Egypt. Southeastern Europe is home to cylindrical drums like the ''tapan'' of Macedonia and the ''dauli'' of Greece. References * * Drums Directly struck membranophones {{Membranophone-in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Barrel Drum Barrel drums are a class of membranophone, or drum, characterized by a barrel-shape with a bulge in the middle. They are often one-headed and open at the bottom. Examples include the Vietnamese ''trong chau'' and the ''bendre'' of the Mossi of Burkina Faso. Barrel drum is played horizontally. Barrel drums * Buk - Korea * Dhak - India Dhol - India Dholak - North India, Pakistan, and Nepal Glong khaek - Thailand Glong songna - Thailand Glong thad - Thailand Kabaro - Ethiopia Kendhang - Indonesia Khol - India Mridangam - South India Pakhawaj - North India Sampho - Cambodia Tanbou - Haiti Tanggu - China Taphon - Thailand Trống chầu A trống đế or trống chầu is a traditional Vietnamese musical instrument also known as "praise drums". It is a small double-headed drum, beaten with a long wooden stick on the top side, causing a loud snapping sound. Description The two si ... - Vietnam References Directly struck membranophones Drums {{Membranoph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Conical Drum Conical drums are a class of membranophone, or drum, that is characterized by sloping sides. They are usually one-headed. An example is the timbal. The conical drum also has strings on the side to keep the object together. References * Directly struck membranophones {{Membranophone-instrument-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Timpani Timpani (; ) or kettledrums (also informally called timps) are musical instruments in the percussion family. A type of drum categorised as a hemispherical drum, they consist of a membrane called a head stretched over a large bowl traditionally made of copper. Thus timpani are an example of kettle drums, also known as vessel drums and semispherical drums, whose body is similar to a section of a sphere whose cut conforms the head. Most modern timpani are ''pedal timpani'' and can be tuned quickly and accurately to specific pitches by skilled players through the use of a movable foot-pedal. They are played by striking the head with a specialized drum stick called a ''timpani stick'' or ''timpani mallet''. Timpani evolved from military drums to become a staple of the classical orchestra by the last third of the 18th century. Today, they are used in many types of ensembles, including concert bands, marching bands, orchestras, and even in some rock bands. ''Timpani'' is an Italian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]