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Meassefim
The Me'assefim () were a group of Hebrew writers who between 1784 and 1811 published their works in the periodical ''Ha-Me'assef'' (), which they had founded. History In 1782 Moses Mendelssohn's German translation of the Pentateuch had appeared. In the ''bi'ur'' or commentary which he added to this translation, he dwelt on the beauty of the Hebrew language, its wealth of imagery, and its adaptability for poetic expression. By his comments on scripture, also, he largely stimulated Hebrew, grammatical, and exegetic studies. The seeds he thus scattered bore fruit even in his lifetime. While reading and discussing Mendelssohn's scriptural expositions, Isaac Abraham Euchel and Mendel Bresslau, who were at that time tutoring in the house of David Friedländer at Königsberg, conceived the idea of causing Hebrew as a literary language to be used more widely among the Jews. Assured of the material support of Simon and Samuel Friedländer, they issued in the spring of 1783 an appeal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Friedrichsfeld
David Friedrichsfeld (c. 1755 – 19 February 1810) was a German-Jewish writer in German and Hebrew. Friedrichsfeld was born in Berlin, where he absorbed the scholarship and ideas of the Meassefim. In 1781 he went to Amsterdam, where he was one of the leaders in the fight for the emancipation of the Jews, writing in the promotion of this cause his ''Beleuchtung ... das Bürgerrecht der Juden Betreffend'', Amsterdam, 1795, and ''Appell an die Stände Hollands,'' etc., ib., 1797. He died in Amsterdam in 1810. Besides contributing to the "Ha-Meassef," he wrote "Ma'aneh Rak," on the pronunciation of Hebrew among the Sephardim (being also a defence of Moses Lemans' "Imrah Ẓerufah," Amsterdam, 1808); and "Zeker Ẓaddiḳ," a biography of Hartwig Wessely, ib. 1809. Some of his works are still in manuscript (comp. Steinschneider, "Verzeichnis der Hebr. Handschriften der Königl. Bibliothek zu Berlin," ii., No. 255, pp. 110 et seq.). References * Heinrich Grätz, Gesch. 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Markus Herz
Markus Herz (; Berlin, 17 January 1747 – Berlin, 19 January 1803) was a German Jewish physician and lecturer on philosophy. Jewish encyclopedia.com. Accessed 5 August 5, 2022. Biography Born in to very poor parents, Herz was destined for a mercantile career, and in 1762 went to , East Prussia. He soon gave up his position as |
Reform Judaism
Reform Judaism, also known as Liberal Judaism or Progressive Judaism, is a major Jewish denomination that emphasizes the evolving nature of Judaism, the superiority of its ethical aspects to its ceremonial ones, and belief in a continuous search for truth and knowledge, which is closely intertwined with human reason and not limited to the theophany at Mount Sinai. A highly liberal strand of Judaism, it is characterized by lessened stress on ritual and personal observance, regarding ''halakha ''Halakha'' (; he, הֲלָכָה, ), also transliterated as ''halacha'', ''halakhah'', and ''halocho'' ( ), is the collective body of Jewish religious laws which is derived from the written and Oral Torah. Halakha is based on biblical commandm ...'' (Jewish law) as non-binding and the individual Jew as autonomous, and great openness to external influences and progressive values. The origins of Reform Judaism lie in German Confederation, 19th-century Germany, where Rabbi Abraham Geige ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biurists
The Biurists were a class of Jewish Biblical exegetes, of the school of Moses Mendelssohn. Most of the Biblical commentators immediately preceding Mendelssohn had interpreted the Biblical passages from an individual point of view, and Mendelssohn was concerned to obtain clarity as to the actual meaning of the passages. Biurists in Europe German translation and reaction Mendelssohn compiled for his children a literal German translation of the Pentateuch; and to this Solomon Dubno, a grammarian and Hebraist, undertook to write a ''bi'ur'' or commentary. As soon as a portion of this translation was published, it was criticized by rabbis of the old school, including Raphael ha-Kohen of Hamburg, Ezekiel Landau of Prague, Hirsch Janow of Posen, and Phineas Levi Horwitz of Frankfort-on-the-Main. Fearing that the charm of the German language would lead young Jews to study the translation rather than the Torah itself, and believing that they would thus be led away from orthodox Judais ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aaron Wolfsohn
Aaron Halle-Wolfssohn (; 1754 or 1756, in probably Halle – 20 March 1835, in Fürth) was a German-Jewish writer, translator, and Biblical commentator. He was a leading writer of the ''Haskalah''. Biography He was born in Halle and died in Fürth. He was professor at the at Breslau from 1792 to 1807. After 1807, private professor in Berlin of the Meyerbeer brothers, and Giacomo Meyerbeer in particular. Some letters between Giacomo Meyerbeer and Aron Wolfssohn were published among the Meyerbeer correspondence. Besides translating much of the ''Tanakh'' into German, he published a Hebrew-German primer Primer may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Films * ''Primer'' (film), a 2004 feature film written and directed by Shane Carruth * ''Primer'' (video), a documentary about the funk band Living Colour Literature * Primer (textbook), a t ... (''Abtalion''), commentaries, essays and the play ''Leichtsinn und Frömmelei'' (written in 1796). Bibliography * Jeremy Dauber (200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meir Obernik
Meir Obernik (; 1764 – 6 November 1805) was a writer and Biblical commentator of the Biurist movement. Obernik contributed to the '' Me'assef'' a great number of fables, and was one of the most active of the Biurists. He translated into German the Books of Joshua and Judges, adding a short commentary (''bi'ur''), and (with ) the Book of Samuel The Book of Samuel (, ''Sefer Shmuel'') is a book in the Hebrew Bible, found as two books (1–2 Samuel) in the Old Testament. The book is part of the narrative history of Ancient Israel called the Deuteronomistic history, a series of books (Joshu .... The translation of the whole Tanakh, with the ''bi'ur'', was edited by Obernik under the title of ''Minḥah ḥadashah'' (Vienna, 1792–1806). References 1764 births 1805 deaths 19th-century Jewish biblical scholars 19th-century translators Hebrew–German translators Jewish translators of the Bible People of the Haskalah Translators of the Bible into German {{Judais ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joel Löwe
Joel Löwe (; 1760 – February 11, 1802, Breslau), best known by the pen name Joel Bril (; Bril being an acronym for "son of R. Judah Löb"), was a German-Jewish Biblical commentator. Biography At the age of twenty he went to Berlin, where he received instruction from Isaac Satanow, who was a follower of Moses Mendelssohn. In Berlin Löwe met Mendelssohn, his acquaintance with whom soon ripened into friendship. Mendelssohn's influence was doubtless instrumental in securing for Löwe the position of tutor in the house of the influential David Friedländer. Löwe became a most intimate friend of another prominent Mendelssohnian, Isaac Abraham Euchel, whose first work, a Hebrew biography of Mendelssohn, contains a dedicatory letter addressed to Löwe. At the close of his life Löwe was principal of the Wilhelms-Schule in Breslau. Löwe was an excellent Hebraist, grammarian, and exegete, and, like most Mendelssohnians, was also a "Schöngeist" (''bel esprit''). Jointly with Aaron Wol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baruch Lindau
Baruch ben Jehuda Löb Lindau (; 1759, Hanover, Holy Roman Empire — 5 December 1849, Berlin, Prussia) was a Jewish-German mathematician, science writer, and translator. Lindau became a member of the circle of the maskilim in Berlin, publishing a series of articles on science and scientific instruments in '' ha-Me'assef''. He was a counselor of the maskilic association ''Chevrat shocharai Ha'tov ve'hatushiya'' and contributed translations of several ''haftarot'' to German for Mendelssohn Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 18094 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early Romantic music, Romantic period. Mendelssohn's compositi ...'s '' Bi'ur'' project. In 1789, he published his most successful work: ', a Hebrew scientific textbook containing sections on astronomy, physics, biology, and geography. The second part of ''Reshit Limmudim'' was published in 1810, devoted to physics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baruch Jeitteles
Baruch Jeitteles ( he, ברוך ייטלס) (22 April 1762 – 18 December 1813) was a Jewish scholar, writer, and doctor from Bohemia, associated with the Jewish Enlightenment movement (''Haskalah''). His teachers were Rabbi Yechezkel Landau of Prague and later Moses Mendelssohn of Berlin. Overview Baruch Jeitteles was born on 22 April 1762, in Prague. His father, , was a doctor. Originally a student of Rabbi Yechezkel Landau, Jeitteles travelled to Berlin and studied with Moses Mendelssohn, the foundational figure in the Jewish Enlightenment movement. Jeitteles later returned to Prague and appeared to reconcile with Landau, and adhered to a moderate stance on Jewish Enlightenment issues. Using inherited wealth from his father-in-law, Samuel Porges, Jeitteles established a private rabbinical school and training students from Moravia and Hungary. His son, , was a philosopher and co-founder of a Jewish weekly, "Siona". As a doctor, Jeitteles was a proponent of the smallpox vacc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Haltern
Joseph Haltern (; died 5 September 1818) was a translator of German literature into Hebrew and a member of the ''Me'assefim''. Among other works, Haltern wrote ''Esther'', a Hebrew adaptation of Jean Racine Jean-Baptiste Racine ( , ) (; 22 December 163921 April 1699) was a French dramatist, one of the three great playwrights of 17th-century France, along with Molière and Corneille as well as an important literary figure in the Western traditio ...'s drama of the same name, and published a translation of Gellert's fables. Notes References Year of birth missing 1818 deaths 19th-century German translators Hebrew-language playwrights Jewish dramatists and playwrights Jewish translators Translators from German Translators to Hebrew {{Germany-writer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David Franco Mendes
David Franco Mendes (; 13 August 1713 – 10 October 1792), also known as David Ḥofshi (), was a Dutch-Jewish Hebrew-language poet. He was an early member of the Haskalah in Holland. Biography A businessman, he devoted his leisure hours to the study of the Talmud, in which he became very proficient. He knew several languages and was especially well versed in Hebrew. For six months preceding his death he was honorary secretary of the Spanish-Portuguese community in Amsterdam. David Franco Mendes was regarded as, next to Moses Hayyim Luzzatto and Naphtali Hirz Wessely, the most important Hebrew poet of his time. Delitzsch describes his poems as traditional in subject, national in spirit, and artistic in form. He followed Racine's ''Athalie'' in his historical drama ''Gemul 'Atalyah'' (Amsterdam, 1770; Vienna, 1800; Warsaw, 1860). Under the title ''Teshu'at Yisrael bi-Yede Yehudit'' (Rödelheim, 1840) he translated into Hebrew Pietro Metastasio's ''Betulia liberata ''La '' (''Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
