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Maximalist Italian Socialist Party
The Maximalist Italian Socialist Party () or PSIm, was the residual part of the Italian Socialist Party in exile following the split that occurred during the first phases of the Socialist Convention of Grenoble, held on 16 March 1930, by Pietro Nenni and the fusionist fraction.. History Signs of conflicts among the PSI Socialists in exile On 16 November 1926, after the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate voted for the removal of 120 opposition deputies, police closed the headquarters of anti-fascist parties and organizations. The direction of PSI was dissolved, transferring its powers to some managers living abroad and in contact with the socialist secretary Olindo Vernocchi from Rome, while sections ceased to communicate with each other. Remaining parts of the socialist organization were integrated in the Italian federations located in France, Switzerland, Austria, Belgium and Americas.. The new direction of PSI was formed by the maximalist majority emerged during the 19th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angelica Balabanoff
, image = Brodskiy II Balabanova.jpg , birth_name = Anzhelika Isaakovna Balabanova , birth_date = August 4, 1878 , birth_place = Chernihiv, Ukraine , death_date = , death_place = Rome, Italy , nationality = , other_names = Angelica Balabanov, Angelica Balabanova, Anželika Balabanova , known_for = , occupation = Italian politician, activist, secretary of the Comintern , party = PSI PSIm PSDI , otherparty = Bolshevik Angelica Balabanoff (or Balabanov, Balabanova; russian: Анжелика Балабанова – ''Anzhelika Balabanova''; 4 August 1878 – 25 November 1965) was a Russian-Italian communist and social democratic activist of Jewish origin. She served as secretary of the Comintern from 1919 to 1920, and later became a political party leader in Italy. Biography Balabanoff was born into a wealthy family in Chernihiv, Russian Empire, where she ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel, St. Gallen a.o.). , coordinates = , largest_city = Zürich , official_languages = , englishmotto = "One for all, all for one" , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , religion = , demonym = , german: Schweizer/Schweizerin, french: Suisse/Suissesse, it, svizzero/svizzera or , rm, Svizzer/Svizra , government_type = Federalism, Federal assembly-independent Directorial system, directorial republic with elements of a direct democracy , leader_title1 = Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council , leader_name1 = , leader_title2 = , leader_name2 = Walter Thurnherr , legislature = Fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Rosselli
Carlo Alberto Rosselli (Rome, 16 November 1899Bagnoles-de-l'Orne, 9 June 1937) was an Italian political leader, journalist, historian, philosopher and anti-fascist activist, first in Italy and then abroad. He developed a theory of reformist, non- Marxist socialism inspired by the British Labour movement that he described as "liberal socialism". Rosselli founded the anti-fascist militant movement ''Giustizia e Libertà''. Rosselli personally took part in combat in the Spanish Civil War, where he served on the Republican side.Spencer Di Scala (1996). ''Italian socialism: between politics and history''. Boston, Massachusetts, USA: University of Massachusetts Press. p. 87. Life Birth, war and studies Rosselli was born in Rome to a wealthy Tuscan Jewish family. His mother, Amelia Pincherle Rosselli, had been active in republican politics and thought and had participated in the unification of Italy. She was also a playwright and children's book author. In 1903 he was taken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Il Quarto Stato (journal)
''The Fourth Estate'' ( it, Il quarto stato) is an oil painting by Giuseppe Pellizza da Volpedo, originally titled ''The Path of Workers'' and made between 1898 and 1901. It depicts a moment during a labor strike when workers' representatives calmly and confidently stride out of a crowd to negotiate for the workers' rights. Its name refers to the working class as standing alongside the three traditional estates that divided power between the nobility, clergy, and commoners. Pellizza made three separate large-scale preliminary versions of the work to experiment with his divisionist representations of color. After his death, ''The Fourth Estate'' became a popular Italian socialist image and was reproduced extensively despite its initial shunning by formal art circles. Over time, its acclaim grew until it became recognized as one of the most important Italian paintings of the turn of the 20th century. The painting is now at the Galleria d'Arte Moderna in Milan. History 1891–1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Romita
Giuseppe Romita (7 January 1887 – 15 March 1958) was an Italian socialist politician. In his life he served several times as a cabinet minister and member of the Parliament. Early life and career The son of Guglielmo Romita and Maria Gianneli, Giuseppe Romita came from a poor family: his father was a farmer and later foreman with three sons and three daughters. Despite his humble origins, Romita obtained his diploma as a surveyor in Alessandria. In the autumn of 1907 he enrolled in the engineering course at the Polytechnic University of Turin, giving private mathematics lessons to support himself in his studies. Politics Barely sixteen, in 1903 Romita enrolled in the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) first in Alessandria and then in the Turin section, becoming an executive member of the local section of the Italian Socialist Youth Federation (FIGS) and a local correspondent for its newspaper, ''Avanguardia''. At the FIGS congress on 18 October 1910, Romita joined the national cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claudio Treves
Claudio Treves (24 March 1869 – 11 June 1933) was an Italian politician and journalist. Life Youth Claudio Treves was born in Turin into a well off assimilated Jewish family. As a student he participated in the Radical milieu of Turin and, in 1888, he joined first his university's student radical circle, then the local independent labor union, influenced by the Milanese socialist Filippo Turati. In 1892 he graduated in law and made his way into the militant socialist community. PSI Treves became a member of the managing committee of the Piedmontese regional federation of the Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI), and in 1894, prosecuted under the 'exceptional laws' on sedition, he spent two months in prison. For some years after he travelled abroad, spending two years to Berlin, then on to Paris, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium and Scandinavia. All the while Treves was sending reports from these countries to ''Avanti!'', the Italian socialist paper. He contributed to sever ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unitary Socialist Party (Italy, 1922)
The Unitary Socialist Party (''Partito Socialista Unitario'', PSU) was a democratic socialist political party in Italy, active from 1922 to 1930. History The party was founded in November 1922 by the reformist wing of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) led by Rinaldo Rigola, Filippo Turati and Giacomo Matteotti, after they had been expelled in October. A staunch opponent of Benito Mussolini and Fascism, Matteotti was assassinated by Fascists, affiliated to ''OVRA'', in June 1924. The event provoked the Aventine Secession. Outlawed in November 1925, the PSU became active in clandestinity, as the Italian Workers' Socialist Party (''Partito Socialista dei Lavoratori Italiani'', PSLI). In June 1930 the PSLI re-joined the PSI. Leading members and activists of the party included Oddino Morgari, Sandro Pertini, Camillo Prampolini, Claudio Treves and Anna Kulischov Anna Kuliscioff (; rus, Анна Кулишёва, , ˈanːə kʊlʲɪˈʂovə; born Anna Moiseyevna Rozenshtein, ; 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascist Regime
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a (German: “people’s community”), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation" characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Fascism rose to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements emerged in Italy during World War I, before spreading to other European countries, most notably Germany. Fascism also had adherents outside of Europe. Opposed to anarchism, democracy, pluralism, liberalism ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Троцкий на II конгрессе Коминтерна 1920
Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian Marxist revolutionary, political theorist and politician. Ideologically a Marxist, his developments to the ideology are called Trotskyism. Born to a wealthy Jewish family in Yanovka (now Bereslavka, Ukraine), Trotsky embraced Marxism after moving to Mykolaiv in 1896. In 1898, he was arrested for revolutionary activities and subsequently exiled to Siberia. He escaped from Siberia in 1902 and moved to London, where he befriended Vladimir Lenin. In 1903, he sided with Julius Martov's Mensheviks against Lenin's Bolsheviks during the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party's initial organisational split. Trotsky helped organize the failed Russian Revolution of 1905, after which he was again arrested and exiled to Siberia. He once again escaped, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Class Conflict
Class conflict, also referred to as class struggle and class warfare, is the political tension and economic antagonism that exists in society because of socio-economic competition among the social classes or between rich and poor. The forms of class conflict include direct violence such as wars for resources and cheap labor, assassinations or revolution; indirect violence such as deaths from poverty and starvation, illness and unsafe working conditions; and economic coercion such as the threat of unemployment or the withdrawal of investment capital (capital flight); or ideologically, by way of political literature. Additionally, political forms of class warfare include legal and illegal lobbying, and bribery of legislators. The social-class conflict can be direct, as in a dispute between labour and management such as an employer's industrial lockout of their employees in effort to weaken the bargaining power of the corresponding trade union; or indirect such as a workers' sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ugo Coccia
Ugo is the Italian form of Hugh, a widely used name of Germanic origin. Its diminutive form is Ugolino. It is also a Nigerian Igbo first name. It may refer to: People * Vgo (stonemason), medieval stonemason * Ugo Bassi, a Roman Catholic priest and Italian nationalist * Ugo Betti, Italian judge and author * Ugo Boncompagni, birth name of Pope Gregory XIII * Ugo Correani, Italian/German fashion designer * Ugo da Carpi, Italian printmaker * Ugo Ehiogu, English football player * Ugo Fano, Italian physicist * Ugo Gabrieli, Italian footballer * Ugo Giachery, Italian Bahá'í * Ugo Humbert, French tennis player * Ugo La Malfa, an Italian politician * Ugo Mattei, professor of international and comparative law at UC Hastings * Ugo Monye, English international rugby union player * Ugo Mulas, Italian photographer * Ugo Rondinone, Swiss-born artist * Ugo Sansonetti, Italian businessman and athlete * Ugo Tognazzi, Italian actor * Ugo Zagato, Italian automobile designer Other * Ugo, Akita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformism
Reformism is a political doctrine advocating the reform of an existing system or institution instead of its abolition and replacement. Within the socialist movement, reformism is the view that gradual changes through existing institutions can eventually lead to fundamental changes in a society's political and economic systems. Reformism as a political tendency and hypothesis of social change grew out of opposition to revolutionary socialism, which contends that revolutionary upheaval is a necessary precondition for the structural changes necessary to transform a capitalist system to a qualitatively different socialist system. Responding to a pejorative conception of reformism as non-transformational, non-reformist reform was conceived as a way to prioritize human needs over capitalist needs. As a doctrine, centre-left reformism is distinguished from centre-right or pragmatic reform which instead aims to safeguard and permeate the '' status quo'' by preventing fundamental structura ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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