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Matthew Gardiner (minister)
Matthew Gardiner (1776–1865) was a Scottish minister who rose to be head of the Church of Scotland in 1837 and died as Father of the Church. Life He was born in Glasgow on 18 August 1776 the eldest son of James Gardiner. He was educated at Glasgow Grammar School. He then studied at Glasgow University where he graduated MA in 1793 aged 17. In May 1798 he was licensed to preach as a Church of Scotland minister by the Presbytery of Hamilton.''Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae''; by Hew Scott In April 1802 he was ordained as minister of Bothwell under the patronage of Archibald, Duke of Hamilton. In 1831 Glasgow University awarded him a Doctor of Divinity. In 1837 he succeeded Norman Macleod as Moderator of the General Assembly. He was succeeded in turn by William Muir. In his election he won by 262 votes to 59 against John Lee. He died on 4 June 1865 at Bothwell and with the status of Father of the Church. Family In August 1808 aged 32 he married Sarah Forrest daughter of John Forr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Of Scotland
The Church of Scotland ( sco, The Kirk o Scotland; gd, Eaglais na h-Alba) is the national church in Scotland. The Church of Scotland was principally shaped by John Knox, in the Scottish Reformation, Reformation of 1560, when it split from the Catholic Church and established itself as a church in the reformed tradition. The church is Calvinist Presbyterian, having no head of faith or leadership group and believing that God invited the church's adherents to worship Jesus. The annual meeting of its general assembly is chaired by the Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. The Church of Scotland celebrates two sacraments, Baptism and the Lord's Supper in Reformed theology, Lord's Supper, as well as five other Rite (Christianity), rites, such as Confirmation and Christian views on marriage, Matrimony. The church adheres to the Bible and the Westminster Confession of Faith, and is a member of the World Communion of Reformed Churches. History Presbyterian tra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clergy From Glasgow
Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the terms used for individual clergy are clergyman, clergywoman, clergyperson, churchman, and cleric, while clerk in holy orders has a long history but is rarely used. In Christianity, the specific names and roles of the clergy vary by denomination and there is a wide range of formal and informal clergy positions, including deacons, elders, priests, bishops, preachers, pastors, presbyters, ministers, and the pope. In Islam, a religious leader is often known formally or informally as an imam, caliph, qadi, mufti, mullah, muezzin, or ayatollah. In the Jewish tradition, a religious leader is often a rabbi (teacher) or hazzan (cantor). Etymology The word ''cleric'' comes from the ecclesiastical Latin ''Clericus'', for those belonging to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1865 Deaths
Events January–March * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War : Second Battle of Fort Fisher: United States forces launch a major amphibious assault against the last seaport held by the Confederates, Fort Fisher, North Carolina. * January 15 – American Civil War: United States forces capture Fort Fisher. * January 31 ** The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (conditional prohibition of slavery and involuntary servitude) passes narrowly, in the House of Representatives. ** American Civil War: Confederate General Robert E. Lee becomes general-in-chief. * February ** American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina burns, as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces. * February 3 – American Civil War : Hampton Roads Conference: Union and Confederate leaders discuss peace terms. * February 8 & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1776 Births
Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 10 – American Revolution – Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet ''Common Sense'', arguing for independence from British rule in the Thirteen Colonies. * January 20 – American Revolution – South Carolina Loyalists led by Robert Cunningham sign a petition from prison, agreeing to all demands for peace by the formed state government of South Carolina. * January 24 – American Revolution – Henry Knox arrives at Cambridge, Massachusetts, with the artillery that he has transported from Fort Ticonderoga. * February 17 – Edward Gibbon publishes the first volume of ''The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire''. * February 27 – American Revolution – Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janet Hamilton
Janet Hamilton (12 October 1795 – 27 October 1873) was a nineteenth-century Scottish poet. Life Janet was born as Janet Thomson at Carshill, Shotts parish, Lanarkshire in October 1795, the daughter of a shoemaker (James Thomson) and Mary Thomson (née Brownlee). She was a descendant of John Whitelaw, the forfeited covenanter from Shotts. At the age of three her family moved to Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Hamilton, and then to Langloan, in the parish of Old Monkland, Lanarkshire at the age of seven. For a time her parents became farm labourers, and she Spinning (textiles), span and worked at the Tambour lace, tambour-frame. Her father at length settled down in business for himself as a shoemaker, and John Hamilton, one of his young workmen, married Janet in 1809 in High Street, Glasgow, when Janet was thirteen. They lived together at Langloan for about sixty years, and had a family of ten children, seven sons and three daughters, all of whom she taught to read, starting wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campbeltown
Campbeltown (; gd, Ceann Loch Chille Chiarain or ) is a town and former royal burgh in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It lies by Campbeltown Loch on the Kintyre peninsula. Campbeltown became an important centre for Scotch whisky, and a busy fishing port. The 2018 population estimate was 4,600 indicating a reduction since the 2011 census. History Originally known as Kinlochkilkerran (an anglicization of the Gaelic, which means 'head of the loch by the kirk of Ciarán'), Campbeltown was renamed in the 17th century as ''Campbell's Town'' after Archibald Campbell ( Earl of Argyle) was granted the site in 1667. Campbeltown Town Hall was completed in 1760. Whisky Campbeltown is one of five areas in Scotland categorised as a distinct malt whisky producing region, and is home to the Campbeltown single malts. At one point it had over 30 distilleries and proclaimed itself "the whisky capital of the world". However, a focus on quantity rather than quality, and the combination of Prohibiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir James Forrest, 1st Baronet
Sir James Forrest, 1st Baronet of Comiston FRSE (1780-1860) was a Scottish baronet and Whig politician who served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh 1837–1843. The family crest is three oak trees. Forrest Road in Edinburgh is named in his honour. Life He was born in Edinburgh on 16 October 1780 the son of James Forrest WS (1744-1820) a lawyer (son of John Forrest (1704-1778) of Grange House in Edinburgh). His mother was Katharine Forrest, the only daughter of James Forrest of Comiston, cousin to his father.The Baronetage of Britain, John Debrett She died when he was two years old, and he inherited the large estate of Comiston House.The Gentleman’s Magazine vol 208 He attended the high school then studied law at the University of Edinburgh. He was created an advocate in 1803. He was elected Lord Provost of Edinburgh in 1837, succeeding Sir James Spittal. He was created a baronet in 1838 by Queen Victoria during his period as Lord Provost. In 1842 he was elected a Fellow of the Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Muir (divine)
William Muir FRSE (1787–1869) was a Scottish minister of the Church of Scotland. He served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1838. Life He was born in Glasgow on 11 October 1787 the third son of William Muir a merchant. He was educated at Glasgow High School then went to first Glasgow University for a general degree then Edinburgh University to study Divinity. He was licensed to preach as a Church of scotland minister by the Prebytery of Glasgow in November 1810. In August 1812 he was ordained as minister of St George's Parish in Glasgow. He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity from Edinburgh University in 1820. In September 1822 he was translated to the prestigious role as minister of New Greyfriars back in Edinburgh. In February 1829 he moved to the newly completed St Stephen's Church in Stockbridge, Edinburgh as its first minister. In Edinburgh he then lived at 5 St Bernards Crescent, 400m west of the church. The outstanding Georgian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Father Of The Church
The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church were ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers who established the intellectual and doctrinal foundations of Christianity. The historical period in which they worked became known as the Patristic Era and spans approximately from the late 1st to mid-8th centuries, flourishing in particular during the 4th and 5th centuries, when Christianity was in the process of establishing itself as the state church of the Roman Empire. In traditional dogmatic theology, authors considered Church Fathers are treated as authoritative, and a somewhat restrictive definition is used. The academic field of patristics, the study of the Church Fathers, has extended the scope of the term, and there is no definitive list. Some, such as Origen and Tertullian, made major contributions to the development of later Christian theology, but certain elements of their teaching were later condemned. Great Fat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moderator Of The General Assembly
The moderator of the General Assembly is the chairperson of a General Assembly, the highest court of a Presbyterian or Reformed church. Kirk sessions and presbyteries may also style the chairperson as moderator. The Oxford Dictionary states that a Moderator may be a "Presbyterian minister presiding over an ecclesiastical body". Presbyterian churches are ordered by a presbyterian polity, including a hierarchy of councils or courts of elders, from the local church (kirk) Session through presbyteries (and perhaps synods) to a General Assembly. The moderator presides over the meeting of the court, much as a convener presides over the meeting of a church committee. The moderator is thus the chairperson, and is understood to be a member of the court acting . The moderator calls and constitutes meetings, presides at them, and closes them in prayer. The moderator has a casting, but not a deliberative vote. During a meeting, the title ''moderator'' is used by all other members of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Macleod (The Highlanders' Friend)
Norman MacLeod, known in Gaelic as ''Caraid nan Gàidheal'' ("friend of the Gael"), was a Church of Scotland minister, poet, and writer. He was Chaplain to Queen Victoria and Dean of the Chapel Royal in Scotland. Life He was the son of the Rev. Norman Macleod, D.D. (1745 – 1824), and father of the Rev. Norman Macleod (1812 – 1872). MacLeod was a distinguished minister of the Scottish Church, and studied at Edinburgh. He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Mull in 1806. He became one of the most distinguished ministers, and most popular preachers of his Church, becoming Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1836. He was Dean of the Chapel Royal and a trusted friend of Queen Victoria. He preached to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert during their second visit to Scotland in 1844. He was an enormously influential writer of Gaelic prose, founding and editing two of the earliest Gaelic periodicals, ''An Teachdaire Gaelach'' (''The Highland Mes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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