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Massalongiaceae
''Massalongiaceae'' is a small family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Peltigerales. It has three genera and seven species. Species in this family have cyanobacteria as their primary symbiotic partner (cyanobiont), so they belong to the group known as "cyanobacterial lichens". Taxonomy The family was circumscribed by Mats Wedin, Per Magnus Jørgensen, and Elisabeth Wiklund in 2007. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the three genera formed a well-supported monophyletic group that was distinct from other similar families in the Peltigerales. The family was named after the type genus, '' Massalongia''; the genus name honours Italian lichenologist Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo (1824-1860). Massalongiaceae has a sister taxon relationship with the family Peltigeraceae, and these two families together form a clade that is sister to a clade containing the families Vahiellaceae and Koerberiaceae. Previous phylogenetic studies had placed genus ''Massalongia'' in a group to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leptochidium
''Leptochidium'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Massalongiaceae. It has two species: *'' Leptochidium albociliatum'' *'' Leptochidium crenatulum'' The genus was circumscribed by French lichenologist Maurice Choisy in 1952. ''Leptochidium'' remained monotypic until 2006, when Per Magnus Jørgensen transferred into it a species originally named ''Leptogium rivulare'' var. ''crenatulum'' by William Nylander William Andrew Michael Junior Nylander Altelius (born 1 May 1996) is a Canadian-born Swedish professional ice hockey right winger for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). Nylander was selected by the Maple Leafs in the .... References Peltigerales Lichen genera Peltigerales genera Taxa named by Maurice Choisy Taxa described in 1952 {{Peltigerales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massalongia (fungus)
''Massalongia'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Massalongiaceae. It has four species. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855, with '' M. carnosa'' assigned as the type species. The genus name of ''Massalongia'' is in honour of Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo (13 May 1824 – 25 May 1860) was an Italian paleobotanist and lichenologist. He was born in Tregnago in the Province of Verona and took a great interest in botany as a young man. Massalongo joined the faculty of med ... (1824-1860), who was an Italian lichenologist. Species *'' Massalongia carnosa'' *'' Massalongia griseolobulata'' *'' Massalongia microphylliza'' *'' Massalongia patagonica'' References Peltigerales Peltigerales genera Lichen genera Taxa described in 1855 Taxa named by Gustav Wilhelm Körber {{Peltigerales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo
Abramo Bartolommeo Massalongo (13 May 1824 – 25 May 1860) was an Italian paleobotanist and lichenologist. He was born in Tregnago in the Province of Verona and took a great interest in botany as a young man. Massalongo joined the faculty of medicine at the University of Padua in 1844.Cappelletii, Maurizia Alippi (2008)"Abramo Bartolomeo Massalongo"(in Italian). ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 71''. Retrieved 7 October 2012. Along with Gustav Wilhelm Körber, he founded the "Italian-Silesian" school of lichenology. He also collaborated with Martino Anzi. He was the husband of Maria Colognato and the father of hepaticologist Caro Benigno Massalongo. He also worked in the scientific field of herpetology. In 1859 his ''Catalogo dei rettili delle province venete'' was published in Venice. Massalongo died in Verona in 1860. He was honoured in 1855, when German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber circumscribed '' Massalongia'' which is a genus of lichen-forming fungi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peltigerales
Peltigerales is an order of lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy of the group has seen numerous changes; it was formerly often treated as a suborder of the order Lecanorales. It contains two suborders, eight families and about 45 genera such as ''Lobaria'' and ''Peltigera''. The fungi form lichens in a symbiotic relationship with one or two photosynthetic partners which may be a cyanobacterium such as ''Nostoc'' or a green alga such as '' Coccomyxa''. The majority of species contain just a cyanobacterium, a smaller number have both a cyanobacterium and a green alga while only a few species have just a green alga. The thallus of the lichen may be foliose (leafy), subfruticose (somewhat shrubby) or granular-squamulose (scaly). The thallus attaches to a surface by means of small root-like rhizines. In some species, the thallus may vary in appearance depending on whether it contains a cyanobacterium or a green alga. Some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Massalongia Carnosa
''Massalongia'' is a genus of flies in the family Cecidomyiidae. The larvae induce galls on birches A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus ''Betula'' (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech-oak family Fagaceae. The genus ''Betula'' contains 30 to .... Species The following six species have been described in this genus: * '' Massalongia altaica'' Fedotova, 1990 * '' Massalongia bachmaieri'' Möhn, 1954 * '' Massalongia betulifolia'' Harris, 1974 * '' Massalongia nakamuratetsui'' Elsayed & Tokuda 2020 * '' Massalongia papyrifera'' (Gagné, 1967) * '' Massalongia rubra'' (Kieffer, 1890) References Cecidomyiinae Cecidomyiidae genera Taxa named by Jean-Jacques Kieffer {{Sciaroidea-stub Insects described in 1890 Gall-inducing insects ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foliose Lichen
Foliose lichen is one of the morphological classes of lichens, which are complex organisms that arise from the symbiotic relationship between fungi and a photosynthetic partner, typically algae. This partnership allows lichen to live in diverse climates that can range from cold, dry mountains to wet, warm valleys. Lichens develop quite slowly with recorded growth rates of 0.01–27mm/year depending on the species. Their lifespan averages between 30 and 60 years. Lichens have a main body part called the thallus, which is composed of hyphae, and houses the cortex and medulla. The cortex contains the photosynthetic cells while the medulla allows for gas exchange and makes up the bulk of the lichen's thallus. There are three main types of lichens: crustose, foliose, and fruticose. Foliose lichen are characterised by flattened leafy thalli, and an upper and lower cortex. Many have numerous layers, which are stratified, and aid in identifying different types. Foliose lichens attach to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koerberiaceae
Koerberiaceae is a small family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Peltigerales. It contains 3 genera and 9 species. The family was proposed by Toby Spribille and Lucia Muggia in 2012, after molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of three lineages of lichen-forming fungi in the suborder Peltigerineae of the order Peltigerales. The lineages represented the genera ''Steinera'', ''Koerberia'' (the type genus of the family), and ''Vestergrenopsis''. The latter genus was later folded into synonymy with ''Tingiopsidium''. '' Steinera'', circumscribed by Alexander Zahlbruckner in 1906, was previously classified in family Koerberiaceae, but the genus and many of its species were transferred to the family Arctomiaceae in 2017, and a new genus ''Henssenia'' was created to contain the remaining species. Description Members of the Koerberiaceae have thalli that are squamulose (scaley) to placodioid, and have deep grooves on the upper surface that radiate outward from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thallus
Thallus (plural: thalli), from Latinized Greek (), meaning "a green shoot" or "twig", is the vegetative tissue of some organisms in diverse groups such as algae, fungi, some liverworts, lichens, and the Myxogastria. Many of these organisms were previously known as the thallophytes, a polyphyletic group of distantly related organisms. An organism or structure resembling a thallus is called thalloid, thallodal, thalliform, thalline, or thallose. A thallus usually names the entire body of a multicellular non-moving organism in which there is no organization of the tissues into organs. Even though thalli do not have organized and distinct parts (leaves, roots, and stems) as do the vascular plants, they may have analogous structures that resemble their vascular "equivalents". The analogous structures have similar function or macroscopic structure, but different microscopic structure; for example, no thallus has vascular tissue. In exceptional cases such as the Lemnoideae, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squamulose Lichen
A squamulose lichen is a lichen that is composed of small, often overlapping "scales" called squamules. If they are raised from the substrate and appear leafy, the lichen may appear to be a foliose lichen, but the underside does not have a "skin" (cortex), as foliose lichens do. Squamulose lichens are composed of flattish units that are usually tightly clustered. They are like an intermediate between crustose Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. ''Crustose'' adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. ''Crustose'' is found on rocks ... and foliose lichens. Examples of squamulose lichen include '' Vahliella leucophaea'', '' Cladonia subcervicornis'' and '' Lichenomphalia hudsoniana''. References Lichenology {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Photobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Fruticose Lichen
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts. Fruticose lichens are not a monophyletic and holophyletic lineage, but is a form encountered in many classes. Fruticose lichens have a complex vegetation structure, and are characterized by an ascending, bushy or pendulous appearance. As with other lichens, many fruticose lichens can endure high degrees of desiccation. They grow slowly and often occur in habitats such as on tree barks, on rock surfaces and on soils in the Arctic and mountain regions. Characteristics Fruticose lichens are lichens composed of a shrubby or bushy thallus and a holdfast. The thallus is the vegetative body of a lichen that does not have true leaves, stems, or roots. The thallus colour is affected by the algae in the lichen, compounds created by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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