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Martyred Intellectuals Day
Martyred Intellectuals Day ( bn, শহীদ বুদ্ধিজীবী দিবস, Shaheed Buddhijibi Dibôsh) is observed on 14 December in Bangladesh to commemorate those intellectuals who were killed by Pakistani forces and their collaborators during the Bangladesh Liberation War, particularly on 25 March and 14 December 1971. The killings were undertaken with the goal of annihilating the intellectual class of what was then East Pakistan. Two days after the events of 14 December, on 16 December, Bangladesh became independent through the surrender of Pakistani forces. History The Bangladesh Liberation War against the country West Pakistan, began on 26 March 1971, grew into the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, and ended with the victory of Bangladesh on 16 December 1971. On 14 December, sensing imminent defeat, Pakistani forces and their local collaborators— Shanti committee, Razakars, Al-Badr and Al-Shams—abducted and killed front-line Bengali intellectuals and p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martyred Intellectuals Memorial
Martyred Intellectuals Memorial ( bn, শহীদ বুদ্ধিজীবী স্মৃতিসৌধ) is a built in memory of the martyred intellectuals of the Bangladesh Liberation War. The memorial is located at Rayerbazar, Mohammadpur Thana in Dhaka. The memorial was designed by architect Farid U Ahmed and Jami Al Shafi. The initial proposal for a memorial at Rayer Bazar was brought forward by Projonmo 71 (organisation of the children of the martyrs of liberation war), who also laid a temporary foundation stone in 1991. History of intellectual massacre During the entire duration of the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, a large number of teachers, doctors, engineers, poets and writers were systematically massacred by the Pakistan Army and their local collaborators, most notably the alleged Islamist militia groups Al-Badr and Al-Shams. The largest number of assassinations took place on 14 December 1971, only two days before the surrender of the Pakistan Army to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Shams (East Pakistan)
The Al-Shams ( bn, আল শামস) was an anti-Bangladesh paramilitary wing of several Islamist parties in East Pakistan composed of local Bengalis and Muhajirs that along with the Pakistan Army and the Al-Badr, is accused of conducting a mass killing campaign against Bengali nationalists, civilians, religious and ethnic minorities during 1971. The group was banned by the independent government of Bangladesh, but most of its members had fled the country during and after the Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to Bangladesh's independence. Naming and inspirations Al-Shams is an Arabic word meaning 'The Sun' and also the name of a Surah in the Holy Quran, Surat Ash-Shams. Al Shams and Al-Badr were local Bengali and Bihari armed groups formed by the Pakistan Army which were mostly recruited from the student wing of Jamaat-e-Islami to fight out and resist Mukti Bahini. Background On 25 March 1971, after Operation Searchlight, the exiled leadership of what is now Bangladesh dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirajul Haque Khan
Sirajul Haque Khan, (1924 – 14 December 1971) born in the district of Noakhali, was a Bengali educationist and martyred intellectual of 1971. Education Khan graduated from college in 1949 and obtained an M.Ed. degree from Institute of Education Research (IER), Dhaka University, in 1965. He obtained Ed.D. from the State College of Colorado, United States in 1967 and joined IER, DU as a senior lecturer. Death and legacy On 14 December 1971, a group of Al-Badr members forcibly removed him from his home and murdered him. His body was found in Mirpur, Dhaka. He was buried in Dhaka University Central Mosque. On 14 November 1991, Bangladesh Post Office issued commemorative stamp with his name and picture. On 3 November 2013, two Jamaat leaders, Chowdhury Mueen-Uddin and Ashrafuz Zaman Khan Ashrafuz Zaman Khan ( bn, আশরাফুজ্জামান খান, ur, ; born February 28, 1948) is one of the convicted masterminds of 1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals. In 197 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghyasuddin Ahmed
Ghyasuddin Ahmed, ( bn, গিয়াসউদ্দিন আহমেদ;1935 – 14 December 1971) was a Bengali educator. Early life Ahmed was born in the district of Narsingdi in 1935. He passed matriculation by obtaining eighth place from St. Gregory High School, Dhaka in 1950 and I.A. from Notre Dame College in 1952 by obtaining tenth place. He passed B.A. (Hons) and M.A. in history from Dhaka University in 1957. In his university days, he was a chess champion and captain of the basketball team of S. M. Hall. Career Ahmed joined Jagannath College (now Jagannath University) as a lecturer in the history department and later joined Dhaka University in 1958. He went to the United Kingdom with a Commonwealth Scholarship in 1964 and obtained an Honours degree in world history from the London School of Economics (LSE). Role in liberation war Ahmed collected medicine and food and delivered those to posts, such as Sufia Kamal’s house, which supplied freedom fighters for thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashidul Hasan
SMA Rashidul Hasan (193214 December 1971) was a Bengali educationist. He was born in the district of Birbhum, West Bengal. In 1949, he migrated to East Pakistan. He was awarded Independence Day Award in 2018 posthumously by the Government of Bangladesh. Education and career Hasan obtained his BA (Hons.) and MA in English from University of Dhaka in 1957 and 1958, respectively. He taught at various colleges including Narsingdi, Pabna Edward College, and Krishna Chandra College of Bhirbhum in West Bengal. Finally, he joined the University of Dhaka English Department in 1967. He was a liberal democrat and a lifelong fighter against fundamentalism and communism. Death On 20 September 1971, the Pakistani occupation army arrested Hasan, but with the help of a friend of his he returned 12 days later unharmed. On the morning of 14 December, two days before independence, Hasan was taken together with his close friend Anwar Pasha from the same flat within the University of Dhaka campus by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dr Abul Khair
Abul Khair (1929 – 14 December 1971) was a Bengali educator. Education and career Khair joined the department of history of the University of Dhaka in 1955 as a lecturer. He did his Ph.D. on foreign policy in the United States as regards the Indian subcontinent from 1937 to 1947. An enthusiastic supporter of the independence movement of Bangladesh, he was an activist inside the university organizing movements for the autonomy of the university and the non-cooperation movement. Death Khair was picked up by the Pakistani army sometime in August 1971, together with a few of the other Dhaka University teachers. That time he was released after a month. He stayed back in his university flat from where he was picked up by the Al Badrs on 10 December, never to return. He was murdered. Khair's mutilated body was found gagged and blindfolded with a bedsheet 21 days later at an abandoned brick kiln at Rayer Bazar. It was his wife Sayeda's chador that led to his identity being established ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anwar Pasha
Anwar Pasha (1928–1971) was a Bangladeshi novelist. He was killed in 1971. Life Anwar Pasha was born in the village Dabkai in Murshidabad (currently in West Bengal, India). He passed the High Madrassah examination in 1946 then went on to do his BA and then his MA in Bengali from Calcutta University in 1953. He started his career as teacher of Manikchak High Madrasah and later on taught at Bhabta Azizia High Madrasah in 1954 and Sadikhan Diar Bohumukhi Higher Secondary School in 1957. In 1958 he joined Pabna Edward College and in 1966 he joined Department of Bengali, Dhaka University. Family Pasha married Masina Begam in 1953. Masina was the daughter of Junab Hekmat Ali who was of Palitberia village of Nadia, West Bengal.Anwar and Masina had 2 children, Masarul Aftab, Robiul Aftab. Literary career Pasha's literary career started when he was a student at Calcutta University. At that time, he published "Hasnahena", an anthology of several literary essays. He later moved to w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mufazzal Haider Chaudhury
Mufazzal Haider Chaudhury (22 July 1926 – 14 December 1971) was a prominent Bengali essayist, prized scholar of Bengali literature, educator and linguist of the Bengali language. Early life and education Born in Khalishpur village, in Noakhali in East Bengal to Bazlur Rahman Chaudhury and Mahfuza Khatun, Chaudhury lost his father when he was nine. Facing financial difficulties, his mother arranged for his education at the Ahmediya High English School, from where he passed his matriculation examination securing fourth place under the University of Calcutta. After passing his intermediate from the Dhaka College, he went to study Bengali honors at the Scottish Church College, in Kolkata. Later he moved to the Visva-Bharati University, where he studied Bengali under the syllabus of the University of Calcutta, and passed his honors as a non-collegiate student in 1946. He made history by becoming the first Muslim to stand first class first in the BA (honors) examination from the Beng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munier Chowdhury
Munier Choudhury (27 November 192514 December 1971) was a Bangladeshi educationist, playwright, literary critic and political dissident. He was a victim of the 1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals, mass killing of Bangladeshi intellectuals in 1971. He was awarded Independence Day Award in 1980, by the then president Ziaur Rahman's government, posthumously. Early life and education Choudhury's ancestors were originated from Noakhali. He was born on 27 November 1925 in Manikganj. His father was Khan Bahadur Abdul Halim Chowdhury, a district magistrate and Aligarh Muslim University graduate. His mother was Umme Kabir Afia Begum (d. 2000). Because of his father's official assignment, Choudhury lived in Manikganj, Pirojpur and other parts of East Bengal. The family moved to Dhaka permanently in 1936. Then he grew up in the residence ''Darul Afia'', named after her mother, among 14 siblings. He completed his matriculation from Dhaka Collegiate School in 1941 and intermediate examinat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Govinda Chandra Dev
Govinda Chandra Dev (1 February 1907 – 25 March 1971), known as Dr. G. C. Dev, was a professor of philosophy at the University of Dhaka. He was assassinated at the onset of Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971 by the Pakistan Army. Early life and education Dev was born in the village of Lauta of the Panchakhanda Pargana (currently Beanibazar Upazila) of Sylhet District, East Bengal (now Bangladesh) on 1 February 1907. His ancestors were high-caste Brahmins who settled in Sylhet from Gujarat. After his father's death at an early age, Dev was raised by the local Christian missionaries. Dev passed the Entrance Examination in first division from Biani Bazar High English School in 1925. In 1927, he passed the Intermediate Examination from Ripon College, Kolkata. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree with honors from Sanskrit College in 1929. In 1931, he received his Master of Arts in philosophy from the University of Calcutta. He graduated summa cum laude in both Bachelors and Master ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jahir Raihan
Mohammad Zahirullah (19 August 1935 – disappeared 30 January 1972), known as Zahir Raihan, was a Bangladeshi novelist, writer and filmmaker. He is most notable for his documentary ''Stop Genocide'' (1971), made during the Bangladesh Liberation War. He was posthumously awarded Ekushey Padak in 1977 and Independence Day Award in 1992 by the Government of Bangladesh. Early life and education Mohammad Zahirullah was born on 19 August 1935, at Majupur, a village in the Feni Mahakuma under Noakhali district of the Bengal Presidency in British India (now Feni district in Bangladesh). After the Partition of Bengal in 1947, he, along with his parents, returned to his village from Calcutta. He obtained his bachelor's in Bengali from the University of Dhaka. He received his postgraduate degree in Bengali literature. Career Along with literary works, Raihan started working as a journalist, when he joined ''Juger Alo'' in 1950. Later, he also worked in newspapers, namely ''Khapchhara'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
