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Marie-Charles Du Chilleau
Marie-Charles du Chilleau d'Airvault (4 September 1734 - 31 March 1794, Rochefort) was a French general and colonial administrator. He rose to be maréchal de camp and served as governor of Dominica and then of Saint-Domingue until being dismissed in 1789 for opposing the ban on import of foreign flour. He was arrested in the reign of Terror and died in prison. Family Marie-Charles du Chilleau et d'Airvault was born on 4 September 1734. His parents were Gabriel Joseph du Chilleau, an officer of the guards, and Françoise Louise Anne Marie Poussard du Vigean. Marie-Charles was called Marquis du Chilleau, Marquis d'Airvault, Baron de Moins, Poplinière, etc., He married twice, first in February 1761 to Jeanne Barton de Montbas, who died the same year. His second marriage was to Jeanne Elisabeth Floride de Montulé. Military career Chilleau fought in Germany during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763). He became a Captain of the King's Regiment, Infantry, and ''Guidon'' (flagbeare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Colonial Governors And Administrators Of Dominica
This article lists the governors and other administrators of Dominica (where known), during its time as a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain (1761–1778; 1784–1800), the Kingdom of France (1778–1784), and the United Kingdom (1800–1978). ''In 1833, following the creation of the Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands, Dominica's governor was replaced by a Presidents , subordinate to the Governor-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands.'' ''In 1895, the president was replaced by an administrator, who remained subordinate to the Governor-in-Chief of the Leeward Islands until 1940, when Dominica was transferred to the Windward Islands Colony. From 1940 to 1958, the administrator was subordinate to the Governor of the Windward Islands. From 1958 to 1962, the presidents was subordinate to the Governor-General of the West Indies Federation.'' ''In 1967, the presidents was replaced by a presidents, following Dominica's designation as an Associated State.'' Governors (1761–1833) Briti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mestre De Camp
Mestre de camp or Maître de camp (; "camp-master") was a military rank in the Ancien Régime of France, equivalent to colonel. A mestre de camp commanded a regiment and was under the authority of a Colonel General, who commanded all the regiments in one " arme". The rank also existed in Portugal and Spain, as ''mestre de campo''. When the role of infantry colonel general was abolished in 1661, the mestre de camp took the title of colonel. The cavalry regiments, on the other hand, remained under the authority of a colonel general, were commanded individually by mestres de camp until the French Revolution. The rank of mestre de camp was demonstrated by wearing a pair of épaulettes with gilded or silver fringes. The rank was abolished during the French Revolution and replaced by that of chef de brigade. Purchase of Mestre de camp rank Until the late 18th century, certain regiments of the French cavalry could be, with the King's permission, "purchased", i.e. the right to comma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commanders Of The Order Of Saint Louis
Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countries this naval rank is termed frigate captain. Commander is also a generic term for an officer commanding any armed forces unit, for example "platoon commander", "brigade commander" and "squadron commander". In the police, terms such as "borough commander" and "incident commander" are used. Commander as a naval and air force rank Commander is a rank used in navies but is very rarely used as a rank in armies. The title, originally "master and commander", originated in the 18th century to describe naval officers who commanded ships of war too large to be commanded by a lieutenant but too small to warrant the assignment of a post-captain and (before about 1770) a sailing master; the commanding officer served as his own master. In practice, these were usually unrated sloops-of-war of no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1794 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes, in recognition of the recent admission of Vermont and Kentucky as the 14th and 15th states. A subsequent act restores the number of stripes to 13, but provides for additional stars upon the admission of each additional state. * January 21 – King George III of Great Britain delivers the speech opening Parliament and recommends a continuation of Britain's war with France. * February 4 – French Revolution: The National Convention of the French First Republic abolishes slavery. * February 8 – Wreck of the Ten Sail on Grand Cayman. * February 11 – The first session of the United States Senate is open to the public. * March 4 – The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1734 Births
Events January– March * January 8 – Salzburgers, Lutherans who were expelled by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Salzburg, Austria, in October 1731, set sail for the British Colony of Georgia in America. * February 16 – The Ostend Company, established in 1722 in the Austrian Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) to compete for trade in the West Indies (the Caribbean islands) and the East Indies (south and southeast Asia), ceases business as part of the agreement by Austria in the Second Treaty of Vienna. * March 12 – Salzburgers arrive at the mouth of the Savannah River in the British Colony of Georgia. April–June * April 25 – Easter occurs on the latest possible date (the next time is in 1886). * May 15 – Prince Charles of Spain (later King Charles III) becomes the new King of Naples and Sicily, five days after his arrival in Naples. * May 25 – Spanish forces under the command of José Carrillo de Albornoz, 1st Duke of Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Barbé-Marbois
François Barbé-Marbois, marquis de Barbé-Marbois (31 January 1745 – 12 February 1837) was a French politician. Early career Born in Metz, where his father was director of the local mint, Barbé-Marbois tutored the children of the Marquis de Castries. In 1779 he was made secretary of the French legation to the United States. In 1780, Barbé-Marbois sent a questionnaire to the governors of all thirteen former American colonies, seeking information about each state's geography, natural resources, history, and government. Thomas Jefferson, who was then finishing his final term as Virginia's governor, responded to this query with a manuscript that later became his famous ''Notes on the State of Virginia''.R.E. Bernstein, ''Thomas Jefferson'', p. 50. Barbé-Marbois was elected a Foreign Honorary Member to both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society in 1781. When the minister Chevalier de la Luzerne returned to France in 1783, Barbé-Marbo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intendant (government Official)
An intendant (; pt, intendente ; es, intendente ) was, and sometimes still is, a public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. The intendancy system was a centralizing administrative system developed in France. In the War of the Spanish Succession of 1701 to 1714 the French royal House of Bourbon secured its hold on the throne of Spain; it extended a French-style intendancy system to Spain and Portugal - and subsequently worldwide through the Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire. Regions were divided into districts, each administered by an intendant. The title continues in use in Spain and in parts of Spanish America for particular government officials. Development of the system in France Intendants were royal civil servants in France under the Old Regime. A product of the centralization policies of the French crown, intendants were appointed "commissions," and not purchasable hereditary "offices," which thus prevented the abuse of sales of royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
César Henri, Comte De La Luzerne
César Henri Guillaume de La Luzerne (23 February 1737, Paris – 24 March 1799, château de Bernau, near Linz), seigneur de Beuzeville et de Rilly, baron de Chambon, was a French politician and soldier, rising to Lieutenant général des armées and naval minister. He was the son of César-Antoine de La Luzerne, comte de Beuzeville (died 1755) and Marie-Elisabeth de Lamoignon de Blancmesnil (1716-1758). Life In 1763 he married Marie Adélaïde Angran d'Alleray (1743-1814), and they had three children: *César Guillaume 1763-1833 *Anne Françoise 1766-1837 *Blanche Césarine 1770-1859 He was governor-general of Saint-Domingue from 1785 to 1787. On his return he was made an honorary member of the Académie royale des Sciences on 30 August 1788 and served twice as Secretary of State of the Navy, firstly from 24 December 1787 to 13 July 1789, then from 16 July 1789 to 26 October 1790 (both under Louis XVI Louis XVI (''Louis-Auguste''; ; 23 August 175421 January 1793) was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Saint Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis (french: Ordre Royal et Militaire de Saint-Louis) is a dynastic order of chivalry founded 5 April 1693 by King Louis XIV, named after Saint Louis (King Louis IX of France). It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles. By the authorities of the French Republic, it is considered a predecessor of the Legion of Honour, with which it shares the red ribbon (though the Legion of Honour is awarded to military personnel and civilians alike). Although officially abolished by the government authorities of the July Revolution in 1830 following the French Revolution, its activities carried on as a dynastic order of the formerly sovereign royal family. As such, it is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry. Members The King was the Grand Master of the order, and the Dauphin was automatically a member as well. The Order had three classes: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War (1756–1763) was a global conflict that involved most of the European Great Powers, and was fought primarily in Europe, the Americas, and Asia-Pacific. Other concurrent conflicts include the French and Indian War (1754–1763), the Carnatic Wars and the Anglo-Spanish War (1762–1763). The opposing alliances were led by Great Britain and France respectively, both seeking to establish global pre-eminence at the expense of the other. Along with Spain, France fought Britain both in Europe and overseas with land-based armies and naval forces, while Britain's ally Prussia sought territorial expansion in Europe and consolidation of its power. Long-standing colonial rivalries pitting Britain against France and Spain in North America and the West Indies were fought on a grand scale with consequential results. Prussia sought greater influence in the German states, while Austria wanted to regain Silesia, captured by Prussia in the previous war, and to contain Pruss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sir Thomas Shirley, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Shirley, 1st Baronet (30 December 1727 – 18 February 1800George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Baronetage'', volume V (Exeter, 1906page 252/ref>) was a Kingdom of Great Britain, British colonial governor and military officer. The son of William Shirley, a politically well-connected colonial administrator who served for many years as governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, Shirley entered the military, serving in the Siege of Louisbourg (1745), Louisbourg expedition his father organised in 1745. During the Seven Years' War he served on Menorca and in the 1761 Capture of Belle Île. Shirley succeeded his father as Governor of the Bahamas in 1768, and was appointed Governor of Dominica in 1774, a post he held until the island Invasion of Dominica (1778), was captured in 1778 by French forces during the American War of Independence. He was thereafter (1781) named Governor of the Leeward Islands, and awarded Shirley Baronets, a baronetcy in 1786 as "Shirley barone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reign Of Terror
The Reign of Terror (french: link=no, la Terreur) was a period of the French Revolution when, following the creation of the First Republic, a series of massacres and numerous public executions took place in response to revolutionary fervour, anticlerical sentiment, and accusations of treason by the Committee of Public Safety. There is disagreement among historians over when exactly "the Terror" began. Some consider it to have begun only in 1793, giving the date as either 5 September, June or March, when the Revolutionary Tribunal came into existence. Others, however, cite the earlier time of the September Massacres in 1792, or even July 1789, when the first killing of the revolution occurred. The term "Terror" being used to describe the period was introduced by the Thermidorian Reaction who took power after the fall of Maximilien Robespierre in July 1794, to discredit Robespierre and justify their actions. Today there is consensus amongst historians that the exceptional revo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
