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Marian Olden
Marian Stephenson Olden (1881–1981) was an American eugenics activist and an influential figure in the sterilization movement. She founded the Sterilization League of New Jersey in 1937, which unsuccessfully lobbied for New Jersey to pass a law enabling the compulsory sterilization of those considered unfit to procreate. In the years following World War II, the sterilization movement distanced itself from Olden, whose increasingly unpopular views on compulsory sterilization, and abrasive, uncompromising personality were seen as liabilities. The Sterilization League, then known as Birthright Inc., formally severed ties with Olden in 1948. Early life Olden was born in Philadelphia in 1881. She had two younger sisters. Her father, Arthur H. Stephenson, was a textile merchant. He died of typhoid fever in 1902, when Olden was fourteen. At the age of 30, Olden began to follow the New Thought spiritual movement. She moved to New Jersey in the 1930s after marrying Princeton University ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugenics
Eugenics ( ; ) is a fringe set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population. Historically, eugenicists have attempted to alter human gene pools by excluding people and groups judged to be inferior or promoting those judged to be superior. In recent years, the term has seen a revival in bioethical discussions on the usage of new technologies such as CRISPR and genetic screening, with a heated debate on whether these technologies should be called eugenics or not. The concept predates the term; Plato suggested applying the principles of selective breeding to humans around 400 BC. Early advocates of eugenics in the 19th century regarded it as a way of improving groups of people. In contemporary usage, the term ''eugenics'' is closely associated with scientific racism. Modern bioethicists who advocate new eugenics characterize it as a way of enhancing individual traits, regardless of group membership. While eugenic principles have be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterilization Law In The United States
Sterilization may refer to: * Sterilization (microbiology), killing or inactivation of micro-organisms * Soil steam sterilization, a farming technique that sterilizes soil with steam in open fields or greenhouses * Sterilization (medicine) renders a human unable to reproduce * Neutering is the surgical sterilization of animals * Irradiation induced sterility is used in the sterile insect technique * A chemosterilant is a chemical compound that causes sterility * Sterilization (economics) In macroeconomics, sterilization is action taken by a country's central bank to counter the effects on the money supply caused by a balance of payments surplus or deficit. This can involve open market operations undertaken by the central bank wh ..., central bank operations aimed at neutralizing foreign exchange operations' impact on domestic money supply, or offset adverse consequences of large capital flows See also * Sterility {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterilization League Of New Jersey
EngenderHealth is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C. active in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) operating in nearly 20 countries throughout Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The organization was established in 1943 and provided access to voluntary surgical contraception in the United States during its first 25 years. It has since expanded its mission to "training health care professionals and partnering with governments and communities to make high-quality family planning and sexual and reproductive health services available today" and in the future. History In the course of its existence, EngenderHealth has undergone changes in name and mission, reflecting internal debate, shifts in public policy, and changes in public opinion and international awareness. The organization has been described as a prime example of how the modern US family planning movement was shaped by three overlapping but distinguishable social forces, namely the eugenics movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compulsory Sterilization
Compulsory sterilization, also known as forced or coerced sterilization, is a government-mandated program to involuntarily sterilize a specific group of people. Sterilization removes a person's capacity to reproduce, and is usually done through surgical procedures. Several countries implemented sterilization programs in the early 20th century. Although such programs have been made illegal in most countries of the world, instances of forced or coerced sterilizations persist. Rationalizations for compulsory sterilization have included eugenics, population control, gender discrimination, limiting the spread of HIV,Eliminating forced, coercive and otherwise involuntary sterilization: An interagency statement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Thought
The New Thought movement (also Higher Thought) is a spiritual movement that coalesced in the United States in the early 19th century. New Thought was seen by its adherents as succeeding "ancient thought", accumulated wisdom and philosophy from a variety of origins, such as Ancient Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Chinese, Taoist, Vedic, Hindu, and Buddhist cultures and their related belief systems, primarily regarding the interaction between thought, belief, consciousness in the human mind, and the effects of these within and beyond the human mind. Though no direct line of transmission is traceable, many adherents to New Thought in the 19th and 20th centuries claimed to be direct descendants from those systems. Although there have been many leaders and various offshoots of the New Thought philosophy, the origins of New Thought have often been traced back to Phineas Quimby, or even as far back as Franz Mesmer. Many of these groups are incorporated into the International New Thought Alli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buck V
Buck may refer to: Common meanings * A colloquialism for a dollar or similar currency * An adult male in some animal species - see List of animal names * Derby shoes, nicknamed "bucks" for the common use of buckskin in their making People *Buck (nickname) *Buck Pierce (born 1981), Canadian football quarterback *Buck (surname), a list of people *Buck 65, stage name of Canadian hip hop artist Richard Terfry *Buck Angel, stage name of American trans man, adult film producer and performer Jake Miller (born 1972) *Buck Dharma, stage name of American guitarist Donald Roeser (born 1947) *Buck Ellison (born 1987), American artist *Buck Henry, stage name of American actor, writer, and director Henry Zuckerman (1930–2020) *Buck Jones, stage name of American film actor Charles Gebhart (1891–1942) *Buck Owens, stage name of American singer and guitarist Alvis Owens Jr. (1929–2006) *Young Buck, stage name of American rapper David Darnell Brown (born 1981) *David Paul Grove (born 1958), Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwin Grant Conklin
Edwin Grant Conklin (November 24, 1863 – November 20, 1952) was an American biologist and zoologist. Life He was born in Waldo, Ohio, the son of A. V. Conklin and Maria Hull. He was educated at Ohio Wesleyan University and Johns Hopkins University. He was professor of biology at Ohio Wesleyan (1891–94) and professor of zoology at Northwestern University (1894–96), the University of Pennsylvania (1896-1908), and Princeton University (1908-1935). He became coeditor of the '' Journal of Morphology'', ''The Biological Bulletin'', and the ''Journal of Experimental Zoology''. He was president of the American Society of Naturalists in 1912 and president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1936. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914. He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science and the Public, from 1937 to 1952. In 1943 Conklin was awarded the John J. Carty Awar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbert Spencer Jennings
Herbert Spencer Jennings (April 8, 1868 – April 14, 1947) was an American zoologist, geneticist, and eugenicist. His research helped demonstrate the link between physical and chemical stimulation and automatic responses in lower orders of animals. Life He was born in Tonica, Illinois, on April 8, 1868, the son of George Nelson Jennings and his wife Olive Taft Jenks. He studied at the University of Michigan graduating BS in 1893 then Harvard University where he gained a further AM degree in 1895 and a PhD in 1896. In 1906 he began a long and illustrious career at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore where he stayed until retirement in 1938. He married twice: firstly in 1898 to Louisa Burridge and secondly in 1939 to Lulu Plant. He died in Santa Monica, California, on April 14, 1947. He is buried in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale. Career Tracy Sonneborn would later write:Jennings was so struck by the continued production of hereditarily diverse clones at conjugation, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
League Of Women Voters
The League of Women Voters (LWV or the League) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan political organization in the United States. Founded in 1920, its ongoing major activities include registering voters, providing voter information, and advocating for voting rights. In addition, the LWV works with partners that share its positions and supports a variety of progressive public policy positions, including campaign finance reform, health care reform, and gun control. The League was founded as the successor to the National American Woman Suffrage Association, which had led the nationwide fight for women's suffrage. The initial goals of the League were to educate women to take part in the political process and to push forward legislation of interest to women. As a nonpartisan organization, an important part of its role in American politics has been to register and inform voters, but it also lobbies for issues of importance to its members, which are selected at its biennial conventions. Its ef ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trenton, New Jersey
Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. It was the capital of the United States from November 1 to December 24, 1784.New Jersey County Map New Jersey Department of State. Accessed July 10, 2017. The city's metropolitan area, including all of Mercer County, is grouped with the New York combined statistical area by the |
Human Betterment Foundation
The Human Betterment Foundation (HBF) was an American eugenics organization established in Pasadena, California in 1928 by E.S. Gosney and Rufus B. von KleinSmid with the aim "to foster and aid constructive and educational forces for the protection and betterment of the human family in body, mind, character, and citizenship". It primarily served to compile and distribute information about compulsory sterilization legislation in the United States, for the purposes of eugenics. The initial board of trustees were Gosney, Henry Mauris Robinson (a Los Angeles banker), George Dock (a Pasadena physician), David Starr Jordan (chancellor of Stanford University), Charles Goethe (a Sacramento philanthropist), Justin Miller (dean of the college of law at the University of Southern California), Otis Castle (a Los Angeles attorney), Joe G. Crick (a Pasadena horticulturist), and biologist/eugenicist Paul Popenoe. Later members included Lewis Terman (a Stanford psychologist best known for creat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarence Gamble
Clarence James Gamble, (January 10, 1894 – July 15, 1966) was an American medical doctor and the heir of the Procter and Gamble soap company fortune. He was an advocate of birth control and eugenics, and founded Pathfinder International. Biography In 1929 Gamble gave $5,000 to open a maternal health clinic in Cincinnati, Ohio. In January 1914, on his twenty-first birthday, he received his first million dollars. As the grandson of James Gamble, co-founder of Procter & Gamble, he was an heir to family money, which came with a stipulation that at least 10 percent was to be devoted to charitable giving. He later increased this to 30 percent. After graduating from Princeton University in 1914 and Harvard Medical School in 1920, Gamble began his residency at Massachusetts General Hospital. In 1923 he secured an apprenticeship with Alfred Newton Richards, director of the Department of Pharmacology at the University of Pennsylvania, but did not work with Richards as his plans w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
