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Maria Luísa Costa Dias
Maria Luísa Costa Dias (1916–1975), was a Portuguese medical doctor and communist activist in opposition to the authoritarian '' Estado Novo'' government. Maria Luísa Palhinha da Costa Dias was born in the city of Coimbra, on 15 October 1916, to a wealthy family. She had three brothers, two of whom became owners of a canning company, while the third became an activist, writer and researcher. A graduate in medicine, in the 1930s she joined International Red Aid, a social service organization established by the Communist International. At a young age she also joined the Movement of Democratic Unity (MUD), an organization that opposed the ''Estado Novo''. In 1947, Costa Dias moved to Mozambique, together with her future husband, Pedro dos Santos Soares, who at that time was a high school teacher. Both returned to Portugal in 1950 and, in 1951, both went into hiding as members of the Portuguese Communist Party. She related her experience in the work ''Children Emerging from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coimbra
Coimbra (, also , , or ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The population of the municipality at the 2011 census was 143,397, in an area of . The fourth-largest urban area in Portugal after Lisbon, Porto Metropolitan Area, Porto, and Braga, it is the largest city of the Coimbra (district), district of Coimbra and the Centro Region, Portugal, Centro Region. About 460,000 people live in the Região de Coimbra, comprising 19 municipalities and extending into an area of . Among the many archaeological structures dating back to the Roman Empire, Roman era, when Coimbra was the settlement of Aeminium, are its well-preserved aqueduct (watercourse), aqueduct and cryptoporticus. Similarly, buildings from the period when Coimbra was the capital of Portugal (from 1131 to 1255) still remain. During the late Middle Ages, with its decline as the political centre of the Kingdom of Portugal, Coimbra began to evolve into a major cultural centre. This was in large part helped by the establ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Álvaro Cunhal
Álvaro Barreirinhas Cunhal (; 10 November 1913 – 13 June 2005) was a Portuguese communist revolutionary and politician. He was one of the major opponents of the dictatorial regime of the '' Estado Novo''. He served as secretary-general of the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) from 1961 to 1992. He was one of the most pro-Soviet of all Western Europe communist leaders, often supporting the Soviet Union's foreign policies, including the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968. During the 1970s, Cunhal supported Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev’s political agenda, and strongly opposed Mikhail Gorbachev’s ''perestroika'' policies in the 1980s. Life Cunhal was born in Coimbra, the third child of Avelino Henriques da Costa Cunhal (Seia, Seia, 28 October 1887 – Coimbra, Sé Nova, 19 December 1966) and wife (m. Coimbra, Sé Nova, 22 August 1908) Mercedes Simões Ferreira Barreirinhas (Coimbra, Sé Nova, 5 May 1888 – Lisbon, 12 September 1971). His father was a lawyer in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Feminists
Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portuguese man o' war, a dangerous marine cnidarian that resembles an 18th-century armed sailing ship ** Portuguese people, an ethnic group See also * * ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'' * "A Portuguesa", the national anthem of Portugal * Lusofonia * Lusitania Lusitania (; ) was an ancient Iberian Roman province located where modern Portugal (south of the Douro river) and a portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and the province of Salamanca) lie. It was named after the Lusitani or Lusita ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Communists
Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portuguese man o' war, a dangerous marine cnidarian that resembles an 18th-century armed sailing ship ** Portuguese people, an ethnic group See also * * ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'' * "A Portuguesa", the national anthem of Portugal * Lusofonia * Lusitania Lusitania (; ) was an ancient Iberian Roman province located where modern Portugal (south of the Douro river) and a portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and the province of Salamanca) lie. It was named after the Lusitani or Lusita ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Anti-fascists
Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portuguese man o' war, a dangerous marine cnidarian that resembles an 18th-century armed sailing ship ** Portuguese people, an ethnic group See also * * ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'' * "A Portuguesa", the national anthem of Portugal * Lusofonia * Lusitania Lusitania (; ) was an ancient Iberian Roman province located where modern Portugal (south of the Douro river) and a portion of western Spain (the present Extremadura and the province of Salamanca) lie. It was named after the Lusitani or Lusita ... * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 Deaths
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman are found guilty of the Watergate cover-up. * January 2 ** The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by the United States Congress. ** Bangladesh revolutionary leader Siraj Sikder is killed by police while in custody. ** A bomb blast at Samastipur, Bihar, India, fatally wounds Lalit Narayan Mishra, Minister of Railways. * January 5 – Tasman Bridge disaster: The Tasman Bridge in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, is struck by the bulk ore carrier , killing 12 people. * January 7 – OPEC agrees to raise crude oil prices by 10%. * January 10–February 9 – The flight of ''Soyuz 17'' with the crew of Georgy Grechko and Aleksei Gubarev aboard the ''Salyut 4'' space station. * January 15 – Alvor Agreement: Portuga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1916 Births
Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Empire, British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * January 9 – WWI: Gallipoli Campaign: The last British troops are evacuated from Gallipoli, as the Ottoman Empire prevails over a joint British and French operation to capture Constantinople. * January 10 – WWI: Erzurum Offensive: Russia defeats the Ottoman Empire. * January 12 – The Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, part of the British Empire, is established in present-day Tuvalu and Kiribati. * January 13 – WWI: Battle of Wadi (1916), Battle of Wadi: Ottoman Empire forces defeat the British, during the Mesopotamian campaign in modern-day Iraq. * January 29 – WWI: Paris is bombed by German Empire, German zeppelins. * January 31 – WWI: An attack is planned on Verdun, France. February * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trigaches E São Brissos
Trigaches e São Brissos is a civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authority ... in the municipality of Beja, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Trigaches and São Brissos. The population in 2011 was 572,Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) Census 2011 results according to the 2013 administrative division of Portugal in an area of 68.26 km2. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valentina Tereshkova
Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova ( rus, Валентина Владимировна Терешкова, links=no, p=vɐlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvnə tʲɪrʲɪʂˈkovə, a=Valentina Tereshkova.ogg; born 6 March 1937) is an engineer, member of the Russian State Duma, and former Soviet cosmonaut. She is known for being the first and youngest woman in space, having flown a solo mission on the Vostok 6 on 16 June 1963. She orbited the Earth 48 times, spent almost three days in space, and remains the only woman to have been on a solo space mission. Before her selection for the Soviet space program, Tereshkova was a textile factory worker and an amateur skydiver. She joined the Air Force as part of the Cosmonaut Corps and was commissioned as an officer after completing her training. After the dissolution of the first group of female cosmonauts in 1969, Tereshkova remained in the space program as a cosmonaut instructor. She later graduated from the Zhukovsky Air Force E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movimento Democrático De Mulheres
The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (Women's Democratic Movement - MDM) is a Portuguese non-governmental women's association. It was created in 1968 by groups opposed to the ''Estado Novo (Portugal), Estado Novo'' regime and continued after the overthrow of the regime in 1974. Origins The ''Movimento Democrático de Mulheres'' (MDM) had its roots in earlier women's movements in Portugal, such as the ''Liga das Mulheres Republicanas'' (League of Republican Women), which operated from 1909 to 1919, the ''Conselho Nacional das Mulheres Portuguesas'' (National Council of Portuguese Women - CNMP), which functioned from 1914 to its closure by the ''Estado Novo'' in 1947, and the ''Associação Feminina Portuguesa para a Paz'' (Portuguese Women's Association for Peace - AFPP), which was disbanded by the regime in 1952. Establishment The MDM was created at a time of the flourishing of radical movements worldwide, including the opposition to the Vietnam War in the United States and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's International Democratic Federation
Women's International Democratic Federation (WIDF) is an international organization with the stated goal of working for women's rights. It was established in 1945 and was most active during the Cold War. It initially focussed on anti-fascism, world peace, child welfare and improving the status of women. During the Cold War era, it was described as Communist-leaning and pro-Soviet. International Day for Protection of Children, observed in many countries as Children's Day on June 1 since 1950, was established by the Federation at its November 1949 congress in Moscow. The WIDF published a monthly magazine, ''Women of the Whole World,'' in English, French, Spanish, German, and Russian, with occasional issues in Arabic. WIDF was founded in Paris in 1945, but it was later banned by French authorities and relocated to East Berlin, where it was supported by the East German government. Its first president was Eugenie Cotton, and its founding members included Tsola Dragoycheva and Ana Pauk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carnation Revolution
The Carnation Revolution ( pt, Revolução dos Cravos), also known as the 25 April ( pt, 25 de Abril, links=no), was a military coup by left-leaning military officers that overthrew the authoritarian Estado Novo regime on 25 April 1974 in Lisbon, producing major social, economic, territorial, demographic, and political changes in Portugal and its overseas colonies through the Processo Revolucionário Em Curso. It resulted in the Portuguese transition to democracy and the end of the Portuguese Colonial War. The revolution began as a coup organised by the Armed Forces Movement ( pt, Movimento das Forças Armadas, links=no, MFA), composed of military officers who opposed the regime, but it was soon coupled with an unanticipated, popular civil resistance campaign. Negotiations with African independence movements began, and by the end of 1974, Portuguese troops were withdrawn from Portuguese Guinea, which became a UN member state. This was followed in 1975 by the independence of C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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