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Maria-Theresia Memorial
The Maria Theresa Memorial is one of the most important monuments of the Habsburg monarchy in Vienna. It commemorates Empress Maria Theresa, who ruled the Habsburg monarchy from 1740 to 1780. The monument stands since 1888 on the Maria-Theresien-Platz between the Art History Museum, which opened in 1891, and the Natural History Museum, which opened in 1889. The Monument In the 1860's, the Austrian Empire had been defeated in the Austro-Prussian War and the Third Italian War of Independence, followed by an economical crisis. The aim was to counteract these setbacks, with patriotic appeals to the splendor of the dual monarchy in the past. The new ring road around Vienna's old town, which had been under construction since 1858 and opened in 1865, offered the opportunity to do so. Monuments to the two most important generals of the monarchy, Prince Eugene of Savoy and Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, were erected in 1860 and 1865 on the Heldenplatz in front of the Hofburg, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wien - Maria-Theresien-Denkmal
en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST = CEST , utc_offset_DST = +2 , blank_name = Vehicle registration , blank_info = W , blank1_name = GDP , blank1_info = € 96.5 billion (2020) , blank2_name = GDP per capita , blank2_info = € 50,400 (2020) , blank_name_sec1 = HDI (2019) , blank_info_sec1 = 0.947 · 1st of 9 , blank3_name = Seats in the Federal Council , blank3_info = , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_info_sec2 = .wien , website = , footnotes = , image_blank_emblem = Wien logo.svg , blank_emblem_size = Vienna ( ; german: Wien ; bar, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baron Karl Von Hasenauer
Baron Karl von Hasenauer (german: Karl Freiherr von Hasenauer ) (20 July 1833 – 4 January 1894) was an important Austrian architect and key representative of the Historismus school. He created several Neo-Baroque monuments, many around near the Ringstraße in Vienna. He was also a student of August Sicard von Sicardsburg and Eduard van der Nüll. For his outstanding work, he was ennobled by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1873, and made Freiherr, the equivalent of baron. Hasenauer was the chief architect for the Vienna World's Fair in 1873. Together with Gottfried Semper he designed the complex with the Maria-Theresia Memorial (1874-1888), Kunsthistorisches Museum (the Museum of Art History) and the Naturhistorisches Museum (Natural History Museum) (1871–1891), the Burgtheater (1874–1888), the Hermesvilla and the Neue Hofburg (1881–1894, completed in 1913). After a conflict with his former business partner Semper he managed the building of the Hofburg alone. The conflict ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Florimond Claude, Comte De Mercy-Argenteau
Florimond Claude, comte de Mercy-Argenteau (20 April 1727 – 25 August 1794) was an Austrian diplomat. Biography He was born in Liège, Belgium, to Antoine, comte de Mercy-Argenteau, and entered the diplomatic service of Austria in Paris in the train of Reichsfürst Kaunitz. He became Austrian ambassador in Turin at the court of King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, in St. Petersburg at the court of Catherine the Great, and then Austrian ambassador in Paris at the court of King Louis XV of France in 1766. In Paris, his first work was to strengthen the alliance between France and Austria, which was cemented in 1770 by the marriage of the dauphin, afterwards Louis XVI, with Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, afterwards known as Queen Marie Antoinette. When Louis and Marie Antoinette ascended the throne of France in 1774, Mercy-Argenteau became one of the most powerful personages at the French court due to his influence over ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gundaker Thomas Starhemberg
Gundaker Thomas Starhemberg (Vienna, December 14, 1663 – Prague, July 8, 1745) was an Austrian economist and politician. Early life His parents were Konrad Balthasar von Starhemberg (1612–1687) and Countess Franziska Katharina Cavriani 91640-1716). His half-brothers were Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg (1638–1701), the defender of Vienna against the Turks in 1683 and Maximilian Lorenz von Starhemberg (1640–1689). Field Marshal Guido von Starhemberg was his cousin. Biography Gundakar was designated early for an ecclesiastical career, but after studying a while at the Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum, he returned to Vienna and entered in the service of the Austrian Emperor. He was quickly noticed for his financial talents and became a protégé of Prince Eugene of Savoy, who urged for financial reforms to finance the many wars the Empire was waging. Gundakar became vice-president of the Court Chamber in 1698 and its president in 1703, and was president of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Christoph Von Bartenstein
Johann Christoph Bartenstein (Strasbourg, 23 October 1689 – Vienna, 5 August 1767) was an Austrian statesman, who dominated the foreign policy of the Austrian Empire from the early 1730's until 1753. Life Bartenstein grew up in Strasbourg in a strictly Lutheran family: his father Johann Philipp Bartenstein (1650–1726) was a professor of philosophy who had moved from Thuringia and headed the Strasbourg high school; his mother came from a Strasbourg middle-class family. The young Bartenstein studied languages, history and law in Strasbourg. After working for the Benedictines of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, Saint-Maur in Paris, he went to Vienna in 1714, where he met Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who encouraged him to pursue a career in the state administration. In 1715, the young Bartenstein converted to the Catholic faith in order to pursue a career in the Austrian administration, and made a spectacular career at the Habsburg imperial court in the 1720s and 1730s. Bartenstein fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schönbrunn Palace
Schönbrunn Palace (german: Schloss Schönbrunn ; Central Bavarian: ''Schloss Scheenbrunn'') was the main summer residence of the Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, Vienna. The name ''Schönbrunn'' (meaning “beautiful spring”) has its roots in an artesian well from which water was consumed by the court. The 1,441-room Rococo palace is one of the most important architectural, cultural, and historic monuments in the country. The history of the palace and its vast gardens spans over 300 years, reflecting the changing tastes, interests, and aspirations of successive Habsburg monarchs. It has been a major tourist attraction since the mid-1950s. History In 1569, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II purchased a large floodplain of the Wien river beneath a hill, situated between Meidling and Hietzing. The former owner, in 1548, had erected a mansion called ''Katterburg''. The emperor ordered the area to be fenced and put game there such as pheasants, ducks, deer and boar, in orde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenzel Anton Kaunitz
Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg (german: Wenzel Anton Reichsfürst von Kaunitz-Rietberg, cz, Václav Antonín z Kounic a Rietbergu; 2 February 1711 – 27 June 1794) was an Austrian and Czech diplomat and statesman in the Habsburg monarchy. A proponent of enlightened absolutism, he held the office of State Chancellor for about four decades and was responsible for the foreign policies during the reigns of Maria Theresa, Joseph II, and Leopold II. In 1764, he was elevated to the noble rank of a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire ('' Reichfürst''). Family Kaunitz was born in Vienna, Austria, one of 19 children of Maximilian Ulrich, third Count of Kaunitz (1679–1746), and his consort Marie Ernestine, ''née'' Countess of East Frisia and Rietberg (1687–1758), an heiress of the Cirksena dynasty. The Kaunitz family (''Kounicové'') belonged to the old Czech nobility and, like the related Martinic dynasty, derived its lineage from the medieval Vršovci clan in the Kingdom of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pragmatic Sanction
A pragmatic sanction is a sovereign's solemn decree on a matter of primary importance and has the force of fundamental law. In the late history of the Holy Roman Empire, it referred more specifically to an edict issued by the Emperor. When used as a proper noun, and the year is not mentioned, it usually refers to the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, a legal mechanism designed to ensure that the Austrian throne and Habsburg lands would be inherited by Emperor Charles VI's daughter, Maria Theresa.{{Citation needed, date=November 2021 Pragmatic sanctions tend to be issued at times in which the theoretically ideal situation is untenable, and a change of the rules is called for. Examples *The Pragmatic Sanction of Justinian I, promulgated in August 554, on the reorganization of Italy following the Gothic War. *The so-called Pragmatic Sanction of Louis IX, purporting to have been issued in March 1269, regarding various clerical reforms, was a forgery fabricated in the 15th century. *Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Von Arneth
Alfred Ritter von Arneth (10 July 181930 July 1897) was an Austrian historian. His principal scholarly work is a ten-volume biography of the Habsburg Empress Maria Theresa, first published in installments from 1863 to 1879 and still regarded as the standard work on the subject. Born at Vienna, he was the son of Joseph Calasanza von Arneth (1791–1863), a well-known historian and archaeologist, who wrote a history of the Austrian Empire (Vienna, 1827) and several works on numismatics and brother of Doctor Franz Hektor von Arneth (1818–1907). Life Alfred Arneth studied law, and became an official of the Austrian state archives, of which in 1868 he was appointed keeper. He was a moderate liberal in politics and a supporter of German unity. As such he was elected to the Frankfurt parliament in 1848. In 1861 he became a member of the Lower Austrian diet and in 1869 was nominated to the Upper House of the Austrian Reichsrat. In 1879 he was appointed president of the Kaiserliche Aca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sterzing
Sterzing (; it, Vipiteno ) is a comune in South Tyrol in northern Italy. It is the main town of the southern Wipptal, and the Eisack River flows through the medieval town. History Origin The town traces its roots to 14 B.C., when Nero Claudius Drusus founded a military camp called "Vipitenum" along the road between what are now Italy and Germany. Ancient ruins found nearby include a sepulchral monument dedicated to Postumia Vittorina, a milestone of the Imperator Septimius Severus period and a stone altar dedicated to Lord Mithras. The first mention of a town called ''Wibitina'' dates back to the years between 985 and 990. That name, which is still memorized in Wipptal, is traced back to the nearby Celto-Roman settlement Vibidina. In 1182, the German name ''Sterçengum'' appears in a document of the Sonnenburg abbey. In 1280, Duke Meinhard of Carinthia, promoted the town to the rank of city. As the region's proximity to the Brenner Pass made it a frequent trade route, the Fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pfitsch
Pfitsch (; it, Val di Vizze ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about north of the city of Bolzano, on the border with Austria. It is named for the valley of Pfitschtal or Pfitscher Tal. Geography As of 30 November 2010, it had a population of 2,966 and an area of .All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat. Pfitsch borders the following municipalities: Brenner, Freienfeld, Mühlbach, Mühlwald, Sterzing, Vintl, Finkenberg (Austria), Gries am Brenner (Austria) and Vals (Austria). Frazioni The municipality of Pfitsch contains the ''frazioni'' (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Kematen (Caminata), St. Jakob (San Giacomo), and Wiesen (Prati). History Coat-of-arms The emblem is party per fess of sable and vert. The first part show a quartz with three points, in the second an horseshoe. The quartz is referred to the minerals abundant in the municipality, the horse shoe is the insignia of Lord ''Traut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serpentinite
Serpentinite is a rock composed predominantly of one or more serpentine group minerals, the name originating from the similarity of the texture of the rock to that of the skin of a snake. Serpentinite has been called ''serpentine'' or ''serpentine rock'', particularly in older geological texts and in wider cultural settings.California Government Code § 425.2; ''see'' Formation and mineralogy Serpentinite is formed by near to complete serpentinization of mafic to ultramafic rocks. Serpentinite can be formed wherever ultramafic rock is infiltrated by water poor in carbon dioxide. This occurs at mid-ocean ridges and in the forearc mantle of subduction zones. The final mineral composition of serpentinite is usually dominated by lizardite, chrysotile, and magnetite. Brucite and antigorite are less commonly present. Lizardite, chrysotile, and antigorite all have approximately the formula or , but differ in minor components and in form. Accessory minerals, present in smal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_-_Sterzing_-_A.E.Hasse.JPG "Click for more on -> Sterzing")
