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Mari Music
Mari music is the music of the Volga-Finnic Mari people of Russia. Mari music is generally pentatonic. Song Mari songs are generally short and lyrical. Common themes include the Volga river, and a love of nature, to include forests and rainbows. Musical instruments Mari instruments include the ''kusle'' or ''karsh'', a type of zither Zithers (; , from the Greek word ''cithara'') are a class of stringed instruments. Historically, the name has been applied to any instrument of the psaltery family, or to an instrument consisting of many strings stretched across a thin, flat bo .... The Mari also play the '' tumyr'' (drum), birch-bark horn, accordions, and a Mari bagpipe, the shuvyr. References {{music-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga-Finnic
The Volga Finns (sometimes referred to as Eastern Finns) are a historical group of indigenous peoples of Russia living in the vicinity of the Volga, who speak Uralic languages. Their modern representatives are the Mari people, the Erzya and the Moksha Mordvins, as well as speakers of the extinct Merya, Muromian and Meshchera languages. The Permians are sometimes also grouped as Volga Finns. The modern representatives of Volga Finns live in the basins of the Sura and Moksha rivers, as well as (in smaller numbers) in the interfluve between the Volga and the Belaya rivers. The Mari language has two dialects, the Meadow Mari and the Hill Mari. Traditionally the Mari and the Mordvinic languages ( Erzya and Moksha) were considered to form a ''Volga-Finnic'' or ''Volgaic'' group within the Uralic language family, accepted by linguists like Robert Austerlitz (1968), Aurélien Sauvageot & Karl Heinrich Menges (1973) and Harald Haarmann (1974), but rejected by others like Björn C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mari People
The Mari ( chm, мари; russian: марийцы, mariytsy) are a Finnic people, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia. Almost half of Maris today live in the Mari El republic, with significant populations in the Bashkortostan and Tatarstan republics. In the past, the Mari have also been known as the Cheremisa or the Cheremis people in Russian and the Çirmeş in Tatar. Name The ethnic name ''mari'' derives from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *''márya''-, meaning 'human', literally 'mortal, one who has to die', which indicates early contacts between Finno-Ugric and Indo-Iranian languages. History Early history Some scholars have proposed that two tribes mentioned by the Gothic writer Jordanes in his ''Getica'' among the peoples in the realm of Gothic king Ermanaric in the fourth century CE can be equated with the Mari people. However, the identification of the ''Imniscaris'' (or ''Sremniscans'') with "Cheremis", and ''Merens'' with "Mari" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pentatonic
A pentatonic scale is a musical scale with five notes per octave, in contrast to the heptatonic scale, which has seven notes per octave (such as the major scale and minor scale). Pentatonic scales were developed independently by many ancient civilizations and are still used in various musical styles to this day. There are two types of pentatonic scales: those with semitones (hemitonic) and those without (anhemitonic). Types Hemitonic and anhemitonic Musicology commonly classifies pentatonic scales as either ''hemitonic'' or ''anhemitonic''. Hemitonic scales contain one or more semitones and anhemitonic scales do not contain semitones. (For example, in Japanese music the anhemitonic ''yo'' scale is contrasted with the hemitonic ''in'' scale.) Hemitonic pentatonic scales are also called "ditonic scales", because the largest interval in them is the ditone (e.g., in the scale C–E–F–G–B–C, the interval found between C–E and G–B). (This should not be con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volga River
The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the List of rivers of Europe#Rivers of Europe by length, longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchment area of «Река Волга» , Russian State Water Registry which is more than twice the size of Ukraine. It is also Europe's largest river in terms of average discharge (hydrology), discharge at delta – between and – and of drainage basin. It is widely regarded as the Rivers in Russia, national river of Russia. The hypothetical old Russian state, the Rus' Khaganate, arose along the Volga . Historically, the river served as an important meeting place of various Eurasian civilizations. The river flows in Russia through forests, Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kusle
Kusle (Meadow Mari: ''кӱсле'', Northwestern Mari: ''кӹсле'' or ''кӹслӓ'') or karsh ( Meadow and Northwestern Mari: ''кӓрш'') is a Mari plucked string instrument ( chordophone). It has 12-20 strings and is shaped like a semi-circle. The instrument is played in the lap, with both hands, and was played on some occasions such as ritual sacrifices, and to accompany dancing. Kusle is described as resembling the Russian gusli or the Finnish kantele. Organologist Anthony Baines noted in 1969, regarding the medieval Russian gusli: ''...and the instrument has latterly been revived, notably in the Mari province by the Volga''. See also *Mari music Mari music is the music of the Volga-Finnic Mari people of Russia. Mari music is generally pentatonic. Song Mari songs are generally short and lyrical. Common themes include the Volga river, and a love of nature, to include forests and rainbows. ... * Krez References Baltic psaltery Mari musical instruments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zither
Zithers (; , from the Greek word ''cithara'') are a class of stringed instruments. Historically, the name has been applied to any instrument of the psaltery family, or to an instrument consisting of many strings stretched across a thin, flat body. This article describes the latter variety. Zithers are typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers or a plectrum. In the Hornbostel–Sachs classification system, the term refers to a larger family of similarly shaped instruments that also includes the hammered dulcimer family and piano and a few rare bowed instruments like the bowed psaltery, bowed dulcimer, and streichmelodion. Like an acoustic guitar or lute, a zither's body serves as a resonating chamber (sound box), but, unlike guitars and lutes, a zither lacks a distinctly separate neck assembly. The number of strings varies, from one to more than fifty. In modern common usage the term "zither" refers to three specific instruments: the concert zithe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tumyr
Tumyr ( chm, тумыр) or tyumyr (''тюмыр'') are a type of Mari two-sided drums. The Mari ''shyuvr The shyuvr or shuvyr (chiabour in French sources, russian: Шувыр) is a type of bagpipe of the Mari people, a Volga-Finnic people living in the Mari El Republic of central-western Russia. It is described as small bagpipe, consisting of a bag, ...'' (bagpipe) is almost always played with the tumyr. References Mari musical instruments Drums {{Membranophone-instrument-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birch-bark Horn
Birch bark or birchbark is the bark of several Eurasian and North American birch trees of the genus ''Betula''. The strong and water-resistant cardboard-like bark can be easily cut, bent, and sewn, which has made it a valuable building, crafting, and writing material, since pre-historic times. Today, birch bark remains a popular type of wood for various handicrafts and arts. Birch bark also contains substances of medicinal and chemical interest. Some of those products (such as betulin) also have fungicidal properties that help preserve bark artifacts, as well as food preserved in bark containers. Collection and storage Removing birch bark from live trees is harmful to tree health and should be avoided. Instead, it can be removed fairly easily from the trunk or branches of dead wood, by cutting a slit lengthwise through the bark and pulling or prying it away from the wood. The best time for collection is spring or early summer, as the bark is of better quality and most easil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shuvyr
), (russian: Волынка) (Ukraine, Russia) *Swedish bagpipes (Sweden) *Ney anban(Iran) The shyuvr or shuvyr (chiabour in French sources, russian: Шувыр) is a type of bagpipe of the Mari people, a Volga-Finnic people living in the Mari El Republic of central-western Russia. It is described as small bagpipe, consisting of a bag, a bone blowpipe, and two tubes of tin joined by a wooden sheath. The pipe is almost always played with the ''tumyr'', a Mari drum. An 1892 French work noted that the Mari had developed three instruments: a ''cithare'' (zither or cittern), bagpipe, and drum. A later English work makes a similar statement, saying that the Mari have two instruments unique to their culture: the ''kusle Kusle ( Meadow Mari: ''кӱсле'', Northwestern Mari: ''кӹсле'' or ''кӹслӓ'') or karsh (Meadow and Northwestern Mari: ''кӓрш'') is a Mari plucked string instrument (chordophone). It has 12-20 strings and is shaped like a semi- ...'' mult-stringed z ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
